12级精读3期末考试范围汇总.doc

12级精读3期末考试范围14一、Synonyms:Unit8 P186-11.Inconceivableunthinkable（adj.不可思议的）2.Promptlyimmediately（adv.立即地）3.Ferocityfierceness（n.凶猛）4.Complicatedcomplex（adj.复杂的）5.Schemeplot（n.计划、方案）6.Radiantbeaming（adj.光亮的）7.Transparentlyobviously（adv.显然地）8.customaryhabitual（adj.习惯的）9.challengingdefiant（adj.巨有挑战性的）10.cautionwarn（v.警告）11.mendcorrect/improve（v.改正）12.fatigueweariness（n.疲劳）13.ragefury/anger（n.愤怒）14.unutterableunspeakable（adj.难以言表的）U13 P322-21.morescustoms/conventions/traditions（n.传统、习俗）2.evolvedevelop/grow（v.发展）3.benefithelp/aid（v.帮助）4.associated（with）linked（with）/related（to）（与相关）5.tyrantdictator（n.独裁者）6.approachway of handling（处理）7.expertiseskill/knowledge（n.专业知识）8.preserveguard/protect/defend（v.保护、防卫）9.incentivemotive/motivation/stimulus（n.动机、v.刺激）10.unbridleduncontrolled/unrestrained（adj.不受限制的）11.coerceforce/compel（v.强迫）12.frivoloustrivial/insignificant/unimportant/petty（adj.不重要的、琐碎的）13.conflictdifference/disagreement/hostility/combat（n.矛盾、冲突、争论）14.stiflechoke/suffocate（v.窒息）15.advocatepropose/advise/recommend/promote/favor（v.建议、提倡）16.humblemodest/poor(adj.谦逊的)Antonyms: U2 P39-31.interior（内部的）exterior（外部的）2.superior（上级的）inferior（下级的）3.explode（v.爆炸）implode(v.内爆)4.major(adj.主要的)minor(次要的)5.feminine(女性的)masculine(男性的)6.inclusive(adj.包括的)exclusive(独有的)7.parallel(相同的)divergent/different(不同的)8.abate(v.减少)increase/intensify/heighten(增加)9.normal(正常的)abnormal(不正常的)10.latter(后者的)former(以前的)11.hostile(敌意的)friendly(友善的)U9 P213-31.boom（兴旺）bust（破产）2.optimism（乐观）pessimism（悲观）3.deficit（亏损）surplus（盈余）4.downturn（衰退）growth（增长）5.explode（爆炸）implode（内爆）6.lopsided（平衡的）balanced（不平衡的）7.inflation（通货膨胀）deflation（通货紧缩）8.prone（to）（有倾向的）disinclined（to）（不愿意的）9.maximize（最大化）minimize(最小化)10.reduce(减少)increase(增加)11.retard(延迟)accelerate(加速)12.productive(多产的)counterproductive(使达不到预期目标的)13.backlashsupportU10 P241-31.visionary(空想的)practical/realistic/real/true(实际的)2.fateful(重大的)unimportant/ordinary/insignificant(无关紧要的)3.simplify(简化)complicate(复杂)4.tenderness(亲切)-unkindness/ruthlessness/harshness(冷酷)5.rapt(全神贯注的)uninterested/bored/indifferent(漠不关心的)6.digress(离题)progress(进步)7.defy(违抗)support(支持)8.principal(首要的)least important(最低的)9.rebuke(指责)praise/applaud/approve/congratulate(赞美)10.sanction(认可)disapprove/reject/ban/prohibit(禁止)11.insubordination(反抗)obedience/subordination(服从)12.murky(朦胧的)clear/bright(清晰的)13.temporary(临时的)permanent/lasting/everlasting/enduring(永久的)14.volatile(不稳定的)stable/calm/peaceful(稳定的)二、Multiple choice: Unit2 pp44-5 Unit 3 p72 Unit 9 pp217-4 Unit 13 pp 323-3 Unit 15 pp 360-361Unit21. We havent got much time.Lets get down to business. get down to开始认真考虑；着手处理2. This thing is so boring. Its getting on my nerves.Come on. Lets get it over and done with.3. The death of her husband was a terrible blow to her.She just couldnt get over it.get over 克服；恢复；熬过；原谅4. He was very easy to get along with.And although he was poor,he managed to get by ,because he was single and had very simple needs.get by 通过；过得去；过活；获得认可5. The news of this killing in broad daylight got around very quickly. But the murderer was not afraid. He was sure that he could get away with it because his father was the local police chief.get away with 侥幸成功，侥幸逃脱6. When you get through this training course, you wont have much difficulty getting across simple ideas in English. get across 通过；使.被理解7. She promised to take over my job immediately.That really took a big load off my shoulders.take over 接管；接收8. Dont take me for a fool.Im not that easily taken in. take in 接受；理解；拘留；欺骗；让进入；改短9. I will take back what I said.I really believe that when the reforms begin to take effect,our education will take off. take off 起飞；脱下；离开10. Everybody says that he takes after his grandfather,with his big fleshy nose that takes up too much space on his face. take after 与相像 take up 占据Unit 3 1. When he heard the news,he eas infuriated beyond words. beyond words 难以描述的，无法形容的2. When she saw how frightened he was at his mistake , her anger began to die away.die away 减弱，消失；渐熄3. She begged him to give her another chance.4. He was mortally wounded in the stomach .That night he died with a contented look on his face.contented adj. 满足的；心安的5. For all our efforts,students are still not happy with the progress of our teaching reform.6. Can you break up this long sentence into simpler ones.break up 打碎，破碎；结束；解散；衰落, 这里当切开讲7. I just need a good computer.Beside that I really dont need anything. Beside 除以外Unit 91. As general manager his job is to maximize profits and minimize costs.But he has failed on both counts2. The insurance business is now thriving . The sectors total income is up by 15 percent compared with last year. be up 到了，结束了；起床3. Today we are hard-pressed to accelerate our reform and keep abreast of the changing times.accelerate 使加快；使增速 keep abreast of 与并驾齐驱；4. His power was seriously eroded by succession of crises,and when he died, a bitter power struggle ensued .erode侵蚀；受腐蚀 ensue 跟着发生，接着发生；继起5. He keeps reminding the party that it might implode if it does not combat corruption effectively.implode 向内破裂；内爆 combat 反对；与战斗6. We have to understand that even when our plan to quadruple our GDP is carried out , we still cannot match the most advanced countries in average per capita income.carry out vt. 执行，实行；贯彻；实现；完成 match 匹配7. Wealthy peoples children do not necessarily fare better because they are prone to be spoiled.fare vi. 经营；进展；遭遇；过活 prone to be 容易受到 8. We can presume that after some time our farmers will be able to adjust to international competition.adjust to 调节；调整以适应9. Those seeking admission to NATO(北大西洋公约组织) are awaiting the final decision this coming fall.seek 寻求; await 等候，等待；期待10. It is predicted that the permanent residence-permit system(永久居留证系统) will soon go because it discriminates against the vast rural population.predict 作出预言；作预料，作预报 discriminates against 歧视11. I heard that it is estimated that the number of people living on less than one dollar a day has exceeded one billion worldwide. live on vi. 以.为食；靠.生活 exceed vt. (数量上)超过；胜过Unit 13 pp 1. To pass a law is relatively easy. But to enforce the law ,we have to break down the resistance of those who have benefited greatly from the old practices.break down 分解；发生故障；失败；毁掉；制服；瓦解2. The final negotiations(谈判) broke down , the representatives(众议院) were all called back by their governments, and soon war broke out between them.broke out 爆发（火灾，战争等爆发）；3. A friend of mine told me that his apartment had been broken into twice within tow months. So he had decided to move for the sake of safety.broken into 强行进入 for the sake of 为了；为了的利益4. We have covered all the issues except one. I suggest we break off for lunch and continue this afternoon.break off 折断；突然停止，暂停5. The police were called out to break up the demonstration(示威游行). But the police stood on the side of the demonstrators . called out 唤起；出动；大声叫唤 6. The new situation calls for important changes in every aspect of our life.calls for 要求；需要；提倡；邀请；为叫喊 in every aspect 在每一个方面7. We were originally ordered to break through the enemy lines before sundown. But the play was suddenly called off. break through 突破；突围；有重要创见 call off 取消；8. Divorce(离婚) is ofter not a good idea regardless of their differences. Young couples should think twice before they break up. regardless of 不顾，不管9. People will always compete for opportunities and strive for success.It is almost built into their genes.strive for 争取，奋斗 10. The profits will be shared with our partners in proportion to their contributions to the total investment.in proportion to 与成比例，与相称11. Young peoples plans are often in conflict with those of their parents.They are not satisfied with the life arranged for them . They want to branch out on their own. branch out 扩大活动范围；横生枝节；枝节横生12. Money is often associated with the idea of happiness,which is wrong. In a civilized society people wouldnt attach too much importance to material things. associated with 与有关系；与相联系Unit 151. Many soldiers were so hungry as to be eating boiled boots. It was clear that tye did not feel up to climbing the snow-covered mountain. so. as to 如此.以至于 feel up to 觉得可以对付，感到能胜任2. If he should fail to bring the project to a successful close in time, he will be severely reprimanded.reprimand谴责；训斥；责难3. I dont feel like going out today ,with the sandstorm and all.feel like 想要 and all 等等；的确；此外；连一齐都4. So we started off toward the nearest village which was a twenty-mile walk.Just then an orderly came to give us a horse , but we waved it away, telling his to give it to the wounded soldiers.start off 出发，开始 wave sth away 挥手示意离开5. Her sincere warm welcome put me at ease,and I decided to talk/pour out my heart to her.at ease 安逸，自由自在；舒适 talk out 讲出来；把谈透6. Have you for Gods sake ever heard of someone who knows some Afrikaans?for Gods sake看在上帝面上 heard of 听说7. By that time I had already made up my mind never for all the money in the world to do anything against my conscience.8. Any oversight might mean death. Weve go to get the hell out of here before it gets dark.oversight 监督，照管；疏忽 get the hell out of here 滚开9. At that time he kept telling us that final victory was just around the corner. His optimism saved us from despair. around the corner 在拐角处；即将来临三、汉翻英 Unit 2l P44, Exercise 4: 5-9;5. 在学习当中，重要的不是把一切都记住，而是运用你的想象力，创造性地、批判性地去进行思考。In learning, the important thing is not to commit everything to memory, but to use your imagination and think creatively and critically.6. 我不肯定是你能想象到的最可笑的窃贼了。他偷偷进了屋子，尽情地吃喝，最后酩酊大醉，一脸满足的笑容，直到第二天早上被发现。He must have been the funniest burglar imaginable. He broke into a house, ate and drank to his hearts content, and remained dead drunk until discovered the next morning, with a perfectly content look on his face.7. 我现在记人的名字很困难。我想这肯定是年老造成的。I now have trouble remembering peoples names. I imagine it must result from old age.8. 我们生活在很多想象的威胁当中，结果就常常感到沮丧。We often live under many imaginary threats and feel disheartened as a result.9. 我怀疑我们的教师有时候低估了学生的智力。其实年轻人脑子里充满了想象。I suspect we teachers sometimes underestimate students mental capacities. Young people actually have very imaginative minds.l P47, exercise 3: 1-41. 有志者事竟成。Where theres a will there is a way.2. 俗话说每个成功男人的背后都有一个女人。As the saying goes, behind every great/successful man there stands a woman.3. 曾经有过一个时期这个镇上的居民可以夜不闭户。There was a time in this town when the residents didnt have to lock their doors at night.4. 上学的第一天，那男孩就明白了再也不可能回到那个天堂一样的家里去了。On his first day at school, the boy realized that there was no question of ever returning to the paradise of home. Unit 3l P71, Exercise 5: 7-107. 我非常喜欢你在俄罗斯拍的那些照片，尤其是那张上面有个马车夫坐在黑海边，膝盖上放着一块布，布上放着他晚餐的照片。I am terribly fond of the pictures you snapped in Russia, especially the one showing the Russian coachman sitting by the Black Sea with his supper in a cloth on his knees.8. “这事您不能就此罢休。”我向他请求道。 “这不关你事。”他厉声说道。 “You cant just let it go at that,” I tried to plead with him. “It is none of your business,” he snapped.9. 他“啪”地一下合上了公文包，站起来说：“那就这么定了。” He snapped his briefcase, stood up and said, “Then its all settled.”10. 海啸来的时候，他正站在小山上的家门口，离码头大概只有一百米远。 He was standing in front of his house on a hill, only about a hundred meters apart/away from the wharf when the tsunami came. Unit 4l P97, Exercise 5: 1-51. 只有这样我们对他的这种古怪行为才能给予合理的解释。 Only in this way can we give a reasonable account of his strange behavior.2. 她自称具有一种特异功能，用她神奇的手就能治病。 She claims to possess a magic power - the power to cure diseases simply by the touch of her hand.3. 他任命了五个人处理这个案件。他们组成了一个强有力的班子。几天内，他们就发现嫌犯拥有成卷的他无法说明来源的欧元、美元和大量贵重物品。 He appointed five people to handle the case. They formed a strong team. Within days they found in his possession rolls of Euros, US dollars and large quantities of valuables the source of which the suspect could not account for.4. 在这个故事里，这个妖怪常常以美女的样子出现。 In the story, this evil spirit often appears in the form of a pretty young lady.5. 他把画卷了起来，并说一百万美元以下绝对不卖。 He rolled up the painting and said that he wouldnt part with it for less than a million dollars. Unit 8l P194, Exercise 2: 1-51. 她径直从我身边走过，鼻子翘到了天上。 She walked right past me, nose in the air.2. 狂风怒号，急雨击窗，我昨晚一夜没有合眼。 With the wind howling, the rain beating against the windows, I didnt have a wink of sleep last night.3. 哨兵手端钢枪监视着大桥。 The sentry kept watch on the bridge, gun in hand.4. 战士们走了，屋里、院子都打扫得干干净净，水缸也装得满满的。 The soldiers left, the house and courtyard cleaned up, the water jars full.5. 叛乱平定了，主要的敌人消灭了，国家安定了，新共和国最终胜利了。 The new republic ultimately triumphed, with the rebellion put down, major enemies wiped out, and peace and order established in the country.Unite 9, P217, exercise 3: 6-106. 政府救济就像是止痛药。它能缓解你的痛苦，但是不能治你的病。不就如此，你还很容易形成依赖，无法摆脱。Government relief is like a pain-killer. It give you relief, but it does not cure the disease. Besides , you can easily get hooked on it.7. 私营企业并不要求政府保护它们不受竞争威胁。他们只希望不受歧视。Private business are not asking the government to shield them against competition. They just hope not to be discriminated against.8. 我们必须把他们争过来，或者是他们中立，以便彻底孤立我们的主要敌人。We must try to win them over or neutralize them so that we can completely isolate the main enemy.9. 从目前通货膨胀的情况来看，可能还有必要再次提息，这样才不至于把最近这次提薪给完全抵消掉。Judging by the rate of inflation so far, perhaps it is necessary to raise interest rates again so that the recent pay raise will not be completely neutralized.10. 改革开始的时候，人们普遍有一种乐观情绪。大家都相信我们的现代化事业有着光明的前景。A general feeling of optimism prevailed when the reform started. People all believe that there were bright prospects for our modernization.Unite 10, P246, exercise 5: 1-51.幸亏那天地震发生的时候，我去东京看望我姑姑了。因此，我成了我们村少数几个毫发无损逃过这一劫的人。Luckily enough, I had gone to visit my aunt in Tokyo when the earthquake took place. I became one of the few people in our village to escape unscathed.2.今天世界上越来越多的人已经认识到了水的重要性。实际上，他们认为以后的大战都会为水资源而爆发。在很多地区，潜在的国际冲突已经极有可能快要爆发了。Today more and more people in the world have come to realize the importance of water. In fact, they believe that the next big wars will be fought over water resources. Already, potential international conflicts are looming large in many areas.3.我们的教育体制需要认真改革。它的问题在于没有想要让学生独立思考。有趣的是，我们以善于模仿而闻名，但在创造性方面比较弱。Our education system calls for serious reform. The problem is that it does not intend for students to be independent in their thinking. Interestingly enough, we are known for our excellent skills at copying, but we are weak at creativity.4.我们正在逐步为实现人民币完全自由兑换作准备。到时候，它肯定会成为一种重要的国际货币。We are paving the way step by step for a fully convertible RMB. Given time it is bound to be an important international currency.5.显然，没有外界的帮助他们是不可能熬过目前的金融危机的。首先，国际社会必须勾销他们的债务。It is now clear that they wont be able to survive the present financial crisis without outside help. To begin with, the international community must agree to write off their debts.Unite 13, P324, exercise 4: 7-10；7.据说我们学校拥有一个比较自由开放的学术传统。这个传统使我们的师生能够欣然接受外国文化可以给我们提供的最好的东西。Our school in said to have a relatively liberal academic tradition which enables our students and teachers to embrace the best that foreign cultures have to offer.8.我们固然要注意到农业中存在的问题，但也不能对所取得的巨大成就视而不见。同样也可以这样看待我们的教育。While we must be aware of existing problems in agriculture, we must not to blind to our great progress in it either. The same can be said for education.9.不要东拉西扯，说那些无关紧要的事。当前最重要的问题是不受控制的权力。这一点要是不明白，我们就会有大麻烦。Dont get side-tracked by non-essential issues. The most important issue by far is the unbridled power. If we fail to understand this, well be in deep trouble.10.社会安定和改革紧密关联。过分强调任何一方面都是不明智的。我们必须防止走极端。Social stability is closely associated with reform. It is unwise to overemphasize one of the other. We must avoid going to extremes.P328, exercise 2:6-106.据说那男孩子做数学题和计算机一样地准确。It is said that the boy works out mathematical problems as accurately as a computer. 7.你的售后服务越好，你能获得的市场份额越多。The better your after-sales service is, the more market share you can ensure.8.这位电视明星在海外受欢迎的程度比在国内高一倍。The TV star seems twice popular with viewers abroad as with those at home.9.那位孤独的老人说，（人生）最大的悲哀莫过于在痛苦中回忆一段幸福的时光。There is no greater sorrow, says the lonely old man, than to recall a time of happiness in misery.10.阅读海明威（的作品），我对写作有了新的认识。其秘诀是说的要比需要说的少。Reading Hemingway, I gained an insight into writing. The secret is to say less than you need to say.Unite 15, P361, exercise 4: 1-5；1.因为对疯牛病的恐慌，那个国家的牛肉被暂停进口了。Import of that countrys beef was suspended because of the mad cow scare.2.罗伯特因为吸毒受到了停学两周的处分，而山姆则因为贩毒被开除了，因为贩毒是更加严重的违法事件。Robert was suspended from school for two weeks for drug abuse whereas Sam was expelled for selling drugs, which is a much more serious offence.3.这也许是迄今为止所建造的最长最漂亮的吊桥，全世界都羡慕。This is perhaps the longest and the most beautiful suspension bridge ever built. It is a envy of the world.4.她接到奖品的时候很尴尬，别过了脸，免得让人看到她脸红。She was embarrassed when she received the award and averted her head so that people would not see her blush.5.很多国家都羡慕我们，因为我们成功地避免了一场严重的经济衰退。Many countries envy us for our success in adverting a serious economic recession.四、英译汉Unit2: Paras.11-1311.There is something in the American character that is even secretly hostile to the act of aimless reading, a certain hale and heartiness that is suspicious of reading as anything more than a tool for advancement. America is also a nation that prizes sociability and community, that accepts a kind of psychol