被动语态的适用.doc

被动语态的适用被动语态一、被动语态的适用北师版 必修1 P93在下列情况下使用被动语态1“动作的执行者”显而易见。2不知道也不需要知道谁做的这件事。3动作本身比“动作的执行者”更重要。4在书面语，特别是在科技报告、报刊文章中，被动语态比主动语态更正式。一、被动语态的适用Rice is grown in the south of China.The streets were decorated with flowers.These beliefs were not encouraged by the church.Energy drinks are not allowed to be made in Australiabut are brought in from New Zealand.The water _ cool when I jumped into the pool formorningexercise. (2006) g()Awas feltBisfelt seCfeltD feels DfeelsProfessor Williams keeps telling his students that the一、被动语态的适用future _ to the well-educated.(2009重庆)AbelongsBis belonged Cis belongingDwill be belonged1 集焦点于动作的承受者。 1集焦点于动作的承受者。2只有及物动词有被动语态。时态 被动语态般在时 过去分二、被动语态要和时态相结合一般现在时 is/am/are 过去分词一般过去时 was/were过去分词现在进行时 is/am/are being 过去分词过去进行时 was/were being 过去分词现在完成时 h/hb过去分词 现在完成时 have/has been 过去分词过去完成时 had been 过去分词will will be过去分词 will will be 过去分词be going to do be going to be过去分词1 According to the art dealer the painting to go for at least a 1According to the art dealer，the painting _to go for at least amillion dollars. (2004全国)Ais expected Bexpects p pCexpected Dis expecting12Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher 二、被动语态要和时态相结合will blame you. (2010四川)Awill expect Bwill be expected Cexpected Dwere expected3The church tower which _will be open to tourists soon. The ki l tfi i h d(2010上海) work is almost finished.(2010上海)Ahas restored Bhas been restored C ii D ibi d Cis restoring Dis beingrestored4During the period of recent terrorist activities，people _not to touch any unattended bag (2009上海) touch any unattended bag. (2009上海)Ahad always been warned Bwere always being warned C are always warning D always warned Care always warning Dalways warned5I like these English songs and they _many times on the radio. 安二、被动语态要和时态相结合(2008安徽)Ataught Bhave taught Care taught Dhave been taught6John had to have his car repaired in a garage because it _ i l (2007上海春) seriously. (2007上海春)Adamaged Bwas being damagedChad damaged Dhad been damaged7-Your job _ open for your return.Th k (2006北京) -Thanks.(2006北京)Awill be kept Bwill keep Chad kept Dhad been kept下列及物动词通常用于被动句：三、动词和被动语态be born be headed be overcome be shippedbe fined be indicated be scheduled be wounded有些及物动词因动作承受者几乎引不起人们兴趣，很少用于被动句：t lt it escape get let race suitflee have like resemble survive有的及物动词表示状态而不表示动作。这类动词用于被动语态时，动作的施行者会置于一个介词之后。下列是一些常见搭配： 行者会于个介 下列是 常be contained in be decorated with be occupied bybecoveredwith/by/inbefilledwith besurroundedwith/by becoveredwith/by/inbefilledwith besurroundedwith/bybe crowded with be included in双向动词三、动词和被动语态The picture _ on the wall is painted by my nephew.(2000春)Ahaving hung Bhanging Changs Dbeing hung hang I or T adverb or preposition to fasten or support something g pp pp gat the top leaving the otherparts free to move，or to be held in this way有些动词既能使人们从施行者的角度描述动词，又能使人们从动作承受者的角度描述动词。换句话 说，同一个动词既是及物动词，后随宾语，又是不及物动词，不提及动作的施行者。I opened the door.The door opened.动词由及物动词变为不及物，所带宾语也相应变为主语的动词叫双向动词。2双向动词三、动词和被动语态I smell something _ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute? (2007)Aburning Bburnt Cbeing burnt Dto be burntburn I or T to (cause something to) be hurt，damaged or destroyed by fire or extreme heat I to be on fire，or to produce flames 下列双向动词描述涉及某种变化的事件：三、动词和被动语态age continue fade shrink tearbegin darken finish shut thickenbdd l id bend decrease grow slow widenbreak double improve split worsenburn drown increase spread burn drown increase spreadburst dry open startchangeempty quicken stick g py qclose end rot stop下列动词与食品、实际行进动作和交通工具有关：三、动词和被动语态食品 实际行进动作 交通工具bake balance stand backbil d td h boil drop steady crashcook move swing drivefry rest turn fly fry rest turn flyroast rock parkthicken shake runspin sail下列双向动词与列出的名词或所列的一类名词连用：三、动词和被动语态catch ( an article of clothing )fire ( a gun, rifle, pistol )play(music)ring ( a bell, the alarm)show(anemotionsuchasfear anger) show(anemotionsuchasfear,anger)sound ( a horn, the alarm)下列双向动词作不及物动词时一般带状语： 下列双向动词作不及物动词时，般带状语：clean handle polish stainfreeze mark sell wash freeze mark sell wash这种结构是为了强调事物受到某种作用时的情况如何而动作的施行者是谁并不重要。 谁并 要3Books of this kind _ well.(1999上海)三、动词和被动语态Asell Bsells Care sold Dis sold The flowers were so lovely that they _ in no time. (2007)Asold Bhad been sold Cwere sold Dwould sellMarywent to the box office at lunch time，but all the tickets _out. y _(2009上海)Awould sell Bhad sold Chave sold Dwas sellingsell outIf a supply of something sells out，there is no more of that thing to buyBe careful when you cross this very busy street. If not，you may 京四、动词get和被动语态_run over bya car.(2002北京)Ahave BgetCbecome Dturnsometimes used instead of be to form the passive在非正式英语中有时用 p 中“get”替代“be”构成被动语态，这时常常不提施行者。Did dVik id? -_ Davidand Vicky _married?-For about