成功的秘诀：员工自述苹果旗下8堂管理课.doc

让工程师拍板Agarwal tells us that Apple is completely run by its engineers. They dont have a lot of product management, he says. Most of the project teams are really small, and theyre all driven by the engineers.阿格沃对我们说，“苹果公司是完全依靠工程师运行的，那里不存在名目繁多的产品管理条例，大部分项目团队的规模非常小，团队的督促运行都是由工程师们完成的”。On top of that, Agarwal says that most managers are all engineers as well, not product people or MBAs. That means that the people overseeing projects understand the technology, whats necessary for a project, and can really relate to their team.此外，阿格沃说大部分管理者同时也是工程师，“不存在产品经理或MBA”，这意味着管理层是从技术角度监管项目的，这对于项目而言这是必需的，而且和团队直接相关。 建立企业文化Agarwal says that, because most managers have strong engineering backgrounds, theres not a division between product manager and code monkeys. Theres a great amount of respect between the two tiers.阿格沃说，由于大部分管理人员都由很强的技术背景，所以不存在产品经理和“程序猿”的差异，这两个层级都非常尊重对方。My manager was an engineer at apple for ten years before he was a manager. which made me want to work even harder to impress him, Agarwal says.“我的经理在当经理之前就在苹果当了10年的工程师这让我想（更努力地）工作来给他留下深刻印象”，阿格沃说。That respect, along with small, close-knit project teams, is a key piece of the puzzle to Apples success.那种互相尊重的文化，以及虽小但紧密凝聚的项目团队是苹果公司成功的关键要素。 给员工自由At Apple, if an employee was using a product and found an issue that bothered them, they had the freedom to go in and fix it without having to deal with layers of bureaucracy to get approval.在苹果公司，如果员工在使用一款产品时发现其存在妨碍使用的问题，他们可以自由地参与并修复这一问题，而不用获得层级之间官僚化的许可。All projects are driven by long-term goals, Agarwal says, but the best stuff comes from the engineers personally.所有的项目都有一个长远的目标，阿格沃说，但是最好的东西来自于工程师本身。 助员工成长Management would really challenge Agarwal by giving him harder tasks that were a little beyond his capabilities. But I learned, he says.真正挑战阿格沃管理水平的是那些分配给他的能力之外的任务。“但是我得到了学习成长”阿格沃坦言。And on the management side, he was getting to manage projects within six months of starting employment.在管理方面，他在入职6个月之内就逐渐开始掌管团队项目。Apple is really good at developing their employees, and giving them the skills they need to rise up within the company, he says.“苹果公司真的很擅长培养员工，员工会获得在公司内部提升所需要的技能”，阿格沃说。极度重视期限Apple required absolute deadlines, and they never missed them, says Agarwal.毫无疑问，苹果公司需要截止期限，他们从未超过设定的期限，阿格沃说。In terms of quality, one of the things I learned was that you dont ship things that arent of Apple quality,. even if that means cutting something that didnt make it in time, he says.“在品质方面，我学到的一件事是不能发布非“苹果品质”的产品（即使）那意味着需要砍掉没有按时完成的部分”，阿格沃说。Especially at a startup. its easy to keep building and keep building and never launch anything, he adds. The better thing to do is ship, stick to deadlines, and then iterate.“尤其在开始的时候，持续不间断的去做是很容易的，不要向市场投放任何东西，”他说，“好的办法是发布，恪守截止期限，（然后）反复做。” 不玩“特色游戏”Apple doesnt believe in playing the feature game with its product, says Agarwal. As in, the company focuses more on its goals for its own products, rather than comparing itself to competitors and trying to outdo them on the same levels.“苹果公司向来不热衷于在自己产品上玩特色游戏，”阿格沃说,苹果更注重其自有产品的目标，而非和竞争对手相互比较以试图超越对方。That mission is deeply engrained in the culture, he adds. Employees arent focusing on what the competition is doingtheyre driven to innovate and come up with products that challenge the status quo.“这种文化已经深入人心”他进一步说。员工们关注的不是竞争对手在做什么，而是创新，他们专注于推出卓越超凡的作品。用“狂热粉丝”According to Agarwal, The people who work at Apple really really want to be at Apple.据阿格沃讲述，“苹果的员工都是真心实意想留在苹果的。”I, personally,. am an apple fanboy, and thats OK. Thats not a bad thing! he says. Im gonna work twice as hard for this company because Ive believed in it my whole life.“实际上，我本人就是苹果的狂热粉丝，但那并不是一件坏事”，他说，“我愿意为这家公司加倍的努力工作，因为这是我一生地信念。”That enthusiasm is a key element of the hiring processmanagement looks for people who are really passionate about the company, its products, and its overall style and mission.这种狂热是招聘流程中的关键要素，管理人员找的是真正对公司，对产品，对苹果的整体风格和使命充满热忱的员工。Agarwal has taken that mindset with him to Posterous: Everyone we hire says, We love the product, this is what we want to work on.阿格沃将这种心态带到了他的Posterous：“（我们雇佣的）所有人，”他说，“都对产品充满热爱，这是我们乐意从事的工作。” 提倡张弛之道Agarwal tells us that Apple puts a huge emphasis on work/life balance. You work hard, but they let you enjoy your time on your own, he says.阿格沃告诉我们，苹果非常注重工作和生活的平衡，“你可以努力工作，但提倡你在业余时间尽情安排时间享受生活。”From excellent healthcare to generous office holidays around Christmas and Thanksgiving, Agarwal says that people love the type of environment the company provides for its employees. Apple nailed ittheir motto is that we love working here, we work hard, but when all is said and done you should go enjoy your life.从优质的医疗保健到圣诞节和感恩节等慷慨的假期，阿格沃指出大家热爱公司为员工提供的这种环境。“苹果很看重这方面（苹果的格言是）我们喜爱在这里努力工作，但是工作结束后请尽情享受自己的生活。” 永葆创业文化Apple keeps winning because its a giant startup.苹果保持胜绩的原因是它是一个巨大的“初创公司”。From its lack of bureaucracy within projects, to its engineer-focused culture, to its emphasis on passionate and loyal employees, the huge company has mainta