外文翻译--组合机床

外文翻译 The aggregate machine-tool is take the general par t as a foundation, matches by presses the work piece specific shape and the processing technological design special-purpose part and the jig, the composition semiautomatic or the automatic special purpose machine. The aggregate machine-tool selects the method which generally multiple spindle, the multi-knives, the multi-working procedures, many or the multi-locations simultaneously process, production efficiency ratio general engine bed high several times to several dozens times. Because the general part already the standardization and the seriation, might according to need to dispose nimbly, could reduce the design and the manufacturing cycle. The multi-axle-boxes are aggregate machine-tools core parts. It selects the common parts, carries on the design according to the special-purpose request, in the aggregate machine-tool designs process, is one of work load big parts. It is acts according to the work piece processing hole quantity which and the position the working procedure chart and the processing schematic drawing determined, the cutting specifications and the main axle type design transmission various main axles movement power unit. Its power from the general power box, installs together with the power box in to feed sliding table, may complete drills, twists and so on working processes. This topic designed has used in the HT200 top head hole processing the drill hole aggregate machine-tool. According to the top head hole components size which must process carries on the aggregate machine-tool general multi-axle-boxes the design, draws up the multi-axle-box primitive basis chart, the definite main axle and the gear modulus, determined the transmission system, calculates the main axle and drive shafts coordinate. Through the above design, realized a top head one-sided six processing to complete, has achieved the design requirements well。 To meet the combination of CNC machine tools of development, it is a component of the NC machine tool NC module. Portfolio machine is modular combination of CNC machine tools brought about by the inevitable result is the combination of CNC machine tools necessary foundation, NC module so greatly enriched the portfolio of generic pieces of machine tools, it will cause combination of General Machine Type of a fundamental change. NC module, according to their coordinates NC (axis) of mainly single coordinates, dual coordinate and coordinate. Its spindle number, single and multi-axis module, there are single and multi-axis composite processing module. NC module development, there are mainly two kinds of ways: First, the existing combination of machine tools should be relatively common items, the NC General of the design. At present there is also domestic NC is developing one-dimensional slider, NC two-dimensional (Cross) Waterloo Taiwan, the NC rotary table, all this is the way the NC is based on the characteristics of the development of NC The unique combination of machine tool parts, such as automatic replacement of multi-axis spindle box, the NC rotary knife, NC for the manipulator, NC for me, such as mechanical hand. The past 10 years, machine tools and automatic line group in the highly efficient, high productivity, flexibility and the use of parallel (synchronous) works develop more reasonable and more savings in the programme has made a lot of progress. In particular the automobile industry, in order to improve the performance of motor vehicles, precision machining of components made a number of new demands, so the machine performance requirements are also higher. In recent years, with numerical control technology, electronics technology, computer technology, such as the development of machine tools combination of mechanical structure and control system has also undergone a tremendous change. With the combination of machine tools of development: 1. NC. A combination of CNC machine tools, not only a complete change from the previous relay circuit composed of a combination of machine tool control system, and the head. Also the mechanical structure and composition of machine parts universal standards has or is undergoing an enormous change。 2. Modular. NC plus one two modular greatly enrich the composition of the Universal machine parts, it will cause universal machine combination of a fundamental change， According to modularization design theory,the modules of aggregate machine tool are divided in this paper on the basis of function analysis.Taking UG software as developing flat,the parametric 3D modeling module bank is set up.The database for storing the data used in design is also set up at the same time.Under the guiding of the system,users can complete such tasks as module choice,module combination,and calculation,etc.Therefore,computer aided modularization design of aggregate machine tool can be realiz.3. High-speed. As high-speed processing can greatly reduce the surface roughness and cutting force components, greatly reducing cutting temperature, increase productivity, the machine'；s high-speed research is rising, especially NC machine tool movements and the main feed velocity has reached an alarming high-speed . For example, the U.S. production of processing center, spindle speed up to 15 000-60 000r/min, table fast forward speed of up to 90-120 m / min. Conform to the trend of high-speed machines, machine tools combination of speed getting higher and higher. For example, the German Volkswagen plant in the processing of aluminum cylinder head combustion chamber side, the use of PCD cutter and milling speed of up to 3 075m/min, feed rate of 3 600mm/min, the CBN has adopted the installation of the new boring knife blade processing Kevin Gray Rail, the cutting speed of 800 m / min, feed rate of I 500 mm / min. 4, precision of. As the realization of NC machine tools, thus increasing the accuracy of processing machine, so that some of the past seem difficult to achieve the accuracy of processing has been realized today.5. Protection of the whole. Completely closed the machine is now a major characteristic, whether single or machine tool production lines, are all closed by the housings, electrical, hydraulic full use of air alignment. All closed protection, not only production line machine tools and their aesthetic appearance, but also improve the safety, reliability and ease of maintenance. There are two virtues that are low cost and high efficiency in modular machine tools,which is widely used in batch production.This text introduces an automatic control system of multi-station modular machine tool.Applying PLC to control the modular machine tool can raise the automation extent and work efficiency and reduce a great deal of hardware wiring,so the dependability of the machine tool is also increased. 组合机床 是以通用部件为基础，配以按工件特定形状和加工工艺设计的专用部件和夹具，组成的半自动或自动专用机床。 组合机床 一般采 用多轴、多刀、多工序、多面或多工位同时加工的方式，生产效率比通用机床高几倍至几十倍。由于通用部件已经标准化和系列化，可根据需要灵活配置，能缩短设计和制造周期。多轴箱是 组合机床 的核心部件。它是选用通用零件，按专用要求进行设计的，在 组合机床 设计的过程中，是工作量较大的部件之一。它是根据工序图和加工示意图所确定的工件加工孔的数量和位置，切削用量和主轴类型设计的传递各主轴运动的动力部件。其动力来自通用的动力箱，与动力箱一起安装于进给滑台，可完成钻，绞等加工工序。本课题设计了用于 HT200 上盖孔加工的钻孔 组合机床 。根 据要加工的上盖孔零件尺寸进行 组合机床 通用多轴箱的设计，绘制多轴箱原始依据图，确定主轴和齿轮模数，确定出传动系统，计算出主轴和传动轴的坐标。通过以上设计，实现了上盖单面六孔的一次加工完成，较好地达到了设计要求 。为适应数控组合机床的发展，就出现了组成数控机床的数控加工模块。组合机床模块化是组合机床数控化所带来的必然结果，也是组合机床数控化的必要基础，数控加工模块话极大的丰富了组合机床的通用件，它必将引起组合机床通用件发生根本型变化。数控加工模块，按其数控坐标（轴）数，主要有单坐标、双坐标和三坐标。按其主轴数，有 单轴和多轴模块，也有单轴和多轴复合加工模块。数控加工模块的发展，主要有 2 种方式：一是与现有组合机床通用件相对应，设计数控通用件。目前国内亦有其也正在研制数控一维滑台、数控二维（十字）滑台、数控回转工作台等，都属于这种方式 ；二是根据数控加工的特点，研制数控组合机床所特有的部件，如自动更换式多轴主轴箱、数控回转刀库、数控换到机械手、数控换箱机械手等。近十多年来，组 机床及其自动线在高效、高生产率， 柔性化以及采用并行 (同步 )工程制订更为合理、更为节省的方案方面取得了不小的进展。尤其是汽车工业， 为了提高汽车的性 能，对零件的加工精度提出了一些新的要求， 因此对机床性能的要求也更高了。近年来随着数控技术、电子技术、计算机技术等的发展，组合机床的机械结构和控制系统也发生了巨大变化。组合机床有了以下的发展： 1. 数控化。数控组合机床的出现，不仅完全改变了过去那种由继电器电路组成的组合机床的控制系统，而目也使组合机床机械结构乃至通用部件标准发生了或正在发生着巨大的变化。 2. 模块化