定语从句.doc

定语从句一、定语从句的功用和结构 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的词被称为关系词。关系词一般位于先行词与定语从句之间，且作为定语从句的一个句子成分。关系代词主要有：who, whom, whose（一般指人），that（指人或物），which（指物）等。关系副词主要有：when（时间），where（地点），why（原因）等。二、关系代词和关系副词的用法1. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想见的人吗？（what/that在从句中作主语不能省）He is the man(whom/what) I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。 (whom/who/that在从句中作，宾语，可以省略)whose用来指人或物，只用作定语。如：They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人的车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。which, that它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。如：Rosa likes music that/which is quiet and gentlel.罗莎喜欢轻柔的音乐。（which/that 在句中作主语）This is the book (that/which)Im looking for.这是我正在找的书。（which/that在句中作look for的宾语可省）2. 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why 的含义相当于“介词+which”结构，因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用。如：Do you remember the day when I saw you?你还记得我见到你的那一天吗？Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born. 北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why(for which)he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？3. 只用that引导情况，先行词是不定代词everything, anything, something, nothing或先行词被序数词，形容词最高级不定代词，从句中的介词提前至从句之前，连接词只能用whom和which，不能省略。I wanted to find someone with whom I could discuss music. These are the reasons for which (why)we do it.练习( )1. Who is the man was talking to our English teacher?Oh! Its Mr. Backer, our maths teacher.A. he B. that C. whom D. which( )2. I hate the people dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. whom( )3. The foreigner visited our school is from Canada. A. which B. when C. who D. whom( )4. George Mallory was an English school teacher loved climbing. A. who B. whom C. he D. which( )5. This is the place I have ever visited. A. there B. when C. where D. which( )6. Nobody knows the reason she didnt come to the meeting. A. that B. which C. why D. when( )7. The moon is a world there is no life. A. that B. which C. where D. why( )8. He has forgotten the day he arrived. A. when B. where C. that D. on which( )9. He still remembers the days he spent with your family. A. when B. where C. that D. on which( )10. Mr. White, car had been stolen, came to the policeman. A. who B. that C. whose D. which( )11. There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose( )12. I still remember the park we first met. A. that B. which C. where D. when( )13. We used to study in the old building was broken down last year. A. which B. where C. what D. who( )14. I cant forget the time the earthquake happened in Yushu. A. when B. which C. that D. where( )15. What do you usually do in your leisure time?I enjoy reading in the library I lose myself in a world of good books.A. which B. that C. where ( )16. The TV play is about a true story happened in Mianyang in 1998. A. it B. what C. that D. when( )17. Do you like music makes you relaxed? A. it B. what C. who D. that( )18. Have you found the information about the famous people you can use for the report?Not yet. Ill search some on the Internet.A. who B. what C. whom D. which( )19. This is my beautiful school is near the famous library. A. where B. which C. who D. when( )20. Friends are those make you smile, always open their hearts to you and encourage you to succeed. A. which B. what C. whom D. who( )21. The old woman is wearing a pair of glasses Mrs. Black. A. which; are B. who; are C. who; is ( )22. They want to develop a kind of dog friendly food will help do owners cool down their pets. A. who B. what C. which D. whether( )23. The girl won the gold medal comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School.A. who B. which C. what D. whom( )24. Do you know the boy is sitting next to Peter?Yes. He is Peters friend. They are celebrating this birthday.A. who; ninth B. that; nineth C. /; nineth D. which; ninth( )25. I dont know your brother.Oh. The man came to see me yesterday is my brother.A. who B. whose C. where D. whom( )26. They young lady we met yesterday is our new maths teacher. A. what B. whose C. whom D. which( )27. Do you know the young lady your mother is talking? A. who B. whom C. with whom D. which( )28. The money will be used to help the people lost their homes in the tsunami. A. who B. whose C. which D. where( )29. A robot is a machine can do some difficult work instead of man. A. who B. / C. that D. what( )30. The book he bought yesterday is very interesting. A. / B. why C. when D. what( )31. Im a football fan. Im interested in everything is about the 2010 World Cup. A. who B. that C. where D. when( )32. Is the boy is playing in the playground your friend?Yes, he is also my classmate.A. whom B. which C. who D. whose( )33. Do you think most students prefer tests have easy questions? A. who B. where B. that D. it( )34. Lian Zhan with his visitors from Taiwan paying this first visit to the mainland of Chian. A. who come; is B. whom is; is C. which come; is D. that are; are( )35. The green tea grows in South China is quite popular in China. A. who B. where C. when D. which( )36. have finished the work can leave. A. Those who B. Anyone C. The one who D. The one( )37. My mum prefers music quiet and gentle. A. that are B. that is C. which has D. whose is( )38. Most of the people lost their lives in the attacks are Americans. A. when B. who C. how D. which( )39. Do you know everybody came to the party? Almost, but I dont know the one you talked with near the door.A. who; / B. whose; that C. that; which D. /; whom( )40. Jim dislikes people talk much but never do anything. A. whom B. when C. whose D. who( )41. Who is your favorite singer, Julia?Well, its hard to say. I like singers write their own lyrics.A. who B. whose C. which D. what( )42. I enjoy all kinds of sports can make me relaxed. A. who B. where C. that D. /( )43. Do you know the man is sitting behind Nancy? A. what B. which C. who D. whom( )44. This is the girl mother is an English teacher of our school. A. that B. who C. whom D. whose( )45. The duty of Project Hope is to help poor children, isnt it?Yes, it has built many schools those children can study happily.A. where B. when C. which( )46. This is the city I visited 10 years ago. A. where B. / C. who D. why( )47. His sister is one of the students won a prize for good behavior in our school. A. whom B. whose C. that D. which( )48. Do you know the young man is interviewing our headmaster?Yes, he is a journalist from ZZTV.A. who B. which C. whom D. whose( )49. Were very grateful to the teachers taught us in our junior high. A. which B. what C. who ( )50. Have you read the book I gave you yesterday? A. that B. when C. where ( )51. The man came to our party with a present is my old friend. A. when B. which C. who( )52. There are many volunteers are helping the children is Sichuan.And most of them are college students.A. which B. when C. whose D. who( )53. I have bought the camera was advertised on TV. A. what B. why C. which D. who( )54. What do you think of the book A How Tree written by a woman writer?It reminds me of the days I spent in the countryside. A. when B. that C. who D. where( )55. What kind of music do you like?I like music I can sing along with.A. who B. that D. what( )56. We should give love to children lost their parents in the earthquake. A. who B. whom C. those D. which( )57. Is this park youve visited recently?Yes, its the most beautiful one Ive ever visited before.A. the one B. that C. which D. /( )58. What do you usually do in your leisure time?I enjoy reading in the library I lose myself in a world of good books.A. which B. that C. where ( )59. I still remember the park we first met. A. that B. which C. where D. when( )60. They want to develop a kind of dog-friendly food will help dog owners cool down their pets. A. who B. what C. which D. whether( )61. You cant wake a person is pretending to be asleep. A. who B. which C. he D. /( )62. This is my beautiful school is near the famous library. A. where B. which C. who D. when( )63. Do you know the girl is singing in the classroom? A. who B. which C. when( )64. The girl won the gold medal comes from Beijing Sunshine Secondary School. Awho B. which C. what D. whom( )65. Teenagers love teachers are energetic and friendly. A. whom B. who C. which D. /( )66. Can you lend me the book the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked to D. you talked about( )67. The village I visited last year has changed a lot.Really? I hope to go there one day.A. that B. who C. when( )68. There are lots of things I need to prepare before the trip. A. who B. that C. whom D. when( )69. Pauls uncle is the man taught us math last year. A. where B. which C. who D. when( )70. The volunteers are doing a great job in Yushu.Yes. They are helping the people are suffering from the earthquake.A. which B. what C. / D. who( )71. Jamie is a young cook wants to improve school dinners. A. who B.