江苏省溧水县高考英语最后冲刺 阅读理解巩固训练6(1).doc

2014江苏省溧水县高考英语阅读理解巩固训练阅读理解the earths most rich resourcewater has become one of the most precious resources in the united states as rivers, lakes, and freshwater reservoirs are increasingly exploited for human use. consequently, using precise farming techniques to refine “irrigation scheduling” is a research area of particular interest to susan moran, a researcher with the us department of agriculture. she explains that in the southwest, irrigation is both difficult and expensive. there, she says, farmers have a tendency to over irrigate, spending both more time and money than necessary. “im trying to provide new information that could be used by farmers to schedule irrigations to improve their profitability and use less water,” moran says. “farmers often look at weather changes and then schedule irrigation based on that information. but if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using.” rather than guessing their crops potential need for water based upon weather changes, farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using. this would give them a more accurate measure of how much more water it needs. moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system. no more water would be used than needed, thus saving cost and conserving water. moran introduces one study she conducted in arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations. typically, those farmers irrigate ten times per growing season, but evidence showed that some of those farmers could achieve basically the same harvest with only nine irrigations. “in those cases, one less irrigation saved more than all the cost of remote sensing data，” she states. “both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. but then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. they are used to sharing. im hoping they could do the same with remote sensing datapurchase one scene over a large area to cover many farms, which would further reduce the cost.”1. what does moran think is the problem with farmers?a. overused reservoirs.b. precision farming. c. irrigation researches. d. overirrigation.答案解析：答案为d。 由第一段最后一句话 “ farmers have a tendency to over irrigate, spending both more time and money than necessary.” 可知，答案为d。2. how can farmers get the new information about their crop?a. to reschedule irrigation as required.b. to watch weather changes regularly.c. to use remote sensors as researchers suggest.d. to use scientific models since computing is more reliable. 答案解析：答案为c。本题为细节题。从第三段 “farmers can use remote sensors to measure how much water their crop is actually using.” 可知答案为c。本题容易错选d项。题干问的是 “农民如何得到关于庄稼的新信息？” 从第二段最后一句话 “but if they had better information, they could use scientific models to compute more precisely how much water their crop is using.” 可知，农民如果有了更好的信息可以使用scientific models。故答案d错误。3. what do farmers check upon when they decide how much water each crop needs?a. profitability.b. remote sensors.c. the cost.d. air temperature. 答案解析：答案为d。本题为细节理解题。从第四段 “moran believes that if farmers are getting good and timely measurements of plant and air temperature, then they can program when and how much water to give each crop through an irrigation system.”可知，农民依靠准确及时地测量植物和空气温度，来决定给每种庄稼配给相应的水分。 故答案为d。4. whats the purpose of moran introducing the study she carried out in arizona?a. to investigate the use of remote sensing data.b. to support her viewpoint in the previous paragraph.c. to show how farmers can reap a harvest.d. to criticize those farmers who used too much water. 答案解析：答案为a。本题为细节题。由倒数第二段首句 “moran introduces one study she conducted in arizona to investigate the use of remote sensing data for scheduling cotton irrigations.”可知，答案为a。5. what is among the best possible ways to help save farmers money?a. changing irrigation.b. sharing sensing data. c. buying one computer.d. extending the farms. 答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由最后一段 “both irrigation and satellite remote sensing data are expensive. but then again many farmers are used to working together as a group. they are used to sharing.” 可知，答案为b。 时闻型阅读理解(一)as apple tries to maintain its growth and success in china, the worlds largest smart phone market is becoming even more critical. apples shares(股份) fell sharply as the companys earnings for the holiday quarter through december disappointed investors.the sales of the iphone, which included both the iphone 5 and older models, came in at the low end of analysts expectations, while the companys income plan for the second quarter was below analysts forecasts, though apple was known to give conservative (保守的) forecasts.some analysts have said that for apple to regain its growth, the company needs a more aggressive strategy for markets, or more specifically for china, where the market for smart phones has been expanding more rapidly than anywhere else. in china, demand is particularly great for inexpensive phones that run on android(安卓) operating system, sold by many chinese phone makers as well as koreas samsung electronics co.but apple says its already enjoying strong growth in china. “we saw big growth in iphones，” chief executive officer tim cook said. he said that the company had been quickly expanding its sales channels in china, including the number of apple stores. “this isnt nearly what we need; were not even close to that, but were making great progress，” he said.in china, a big missing piece for apple is china mobile ltd, the biggest local telecom carrier that doesnt yet sell the iphone. earlier this month, mr cook met china mobile chairman xi guohua in beijing and discussed cooperation, stirring hopes that the worlds largest mobile carrier may soon start offering the iphone.earlier this month, the wall street journal reported that apple was working on a lowerend iphone that could launch as early as this year. but one possible challenge for apple in china is that lowpriced androidbased phones are getting better in terms of quality. a report from clsa in late november showed that many smart phones sold at about 1，000 yuan ($160) came with higherresolution screens, better cameras and more powerful processors than phones at that price did a year earlier.1apples shares dropped sharply because in december_athe iphone wasnt popular in chinabits product quality was widely criticizedcthe earnings for the holiday quarter were disappointingdthe investors were not satisfied with apples management2what can we learn from the passage?aapple tends to offer a lower sales forecast.bchina mobile ltd began to team up with apple.ccook was pessimistic about what apple did in china.dapple didnt take measures to develop chinese markets.3the author uses the report from clsa to prove_atheir prices are actually lower than a year earlierbapple in china has ability to deal with any problemclowerend androidbased phones are progressing fastdthe promotion of lowerend iphones will face a challenge4the main purpose of the passage is to show the readers _aapples high popularity in chinabthe challenge apple faces in chinacthe approaching failure apple will suffer in chinadapples aggressive strategies in its market expansion(一)【要点综述】本文讲述了著名的智能手机生产商苹果公司在中国的销售遇到了很大的挑战，并分析了苹果公司新的对策和做法。1c细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“apples shares(股份) fell sharply as the companys earnings for the holiday quarter through december disappointed investors.”可知c项正确。2a推理判断题。第二段的“the companys income plan for the second quarter was below analysts forecasts，though apple was known to give conservative (保守的) forecasts.”说明苹果公司向来的预期都很保守。故a正确。3d推理判断题。最后一句“a report from clsa in late november showed that many smart phones sold at aboutthan phones at that price did a year earlier.”说明中国国内生产的低端的智能手机质量都很好；如果苹果公司生产这样的产品，会面临很大的挑战。故d正确。4b主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，苹果公司在中国遇到了较大的困难和挑战。故b正确。社会生活类“in only six days i lost seven pounds of weight.”“two full inches in the first three days!”these are the kinds of statements used in magazine, newspaper, radio and television ads, promising new shapes and new looks to those who buy the medicine or the device. the promoters of such products say they can shape the legs, slim the face, smooth wrinkles, or in some other way add to beauty or desirability. often such products are nothing more than money-making things for their promoters. the results they produce are questionable, and some are dangerous to health. to understand how these products can be legally promoted to the public, it is necessary to understand something of the laws covering their regulation. if the product is a drug, fda(food and drug administration)can require proof (证明) under the food, drug, and cosmetic act that it is safe and effective before it is put on the market. but if the product is a device, fda has no authority to require premarketing proof of safety or effectiveness. if a product already on the market is a danger to health, fda can request the producer or distributor to remove it from the market voluntarily, or it can take legal action, including seizure (查封) of the product. one notable case a few years ago involved an electrical device called the relaxacisor, which had been sold for reducing the waistline. the relaxacisor produced electrical shocks to the body through contact pads. fda took legal action against the distributor to stop the sale of the devices on the grounds that it was dangerous to health and life. obviously, most of the devices on the market have never been the subject of court proceedings (法律诉讼), and new devices appear continually. before buying, it is up to the consumer to judge the safety or effectiveness of such items. 1. it can be inferred that the ads mentioned in the text are.a. objective b. costlyc. unreliabled. illegal2. which of the following is true according to the text? a. the court is in charge of removing dangerous products.b. new products are more likely to be questionable.c. the production of a device must be approved by fda.d. the promoters usually just care about profits.3. fda can ask for the proof of safety and effectiveness of a product.a. if it is a drugb. if it is a devicec. if its consumers make complaintsd. if its distributors challenge fdas authority4. the relaxacisor is mentioned as.a. a product which was designed to produce electricityb. a product whose distributor was involved in a legal casec. a successful advertisement of a beauty productd. an example of a quality beauty product5. the author intends to.a. make consumers aware of the promoters false promisesb. show the weakness of the law on product safetyc. give advice on how to keep young and beautifuld. introduce the organization of fda【参考答案】62.1-5 cdaba 文化教育型阅读理解(一) (三)a practical english grammar is intended for intermediate(中级的) and postintermediate students. we hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.the book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern english and illustrated with numerous examples. areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. differences between conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.in the fourth edition，the main changes are as follows.1. explanation and examples have been brought up to date.2. there is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses.3. some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. for example, parts of chapters on can, may, must, etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.4. the content list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more references.in this edition the sign “” is frequently used to show a change of speakers in examples of dialogues. although the sign “” sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, eg. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.we wish to thank all at oxford university press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. we would also like to thank professor egawa of nihon university, japan, professor rene dirven of duisburg university, germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.london, november 1985 aj.t., avm1the grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for _aa middle school teacherba primary school studentca senior high studentda college student2according to the passage, we know that his grammar book_acompares modern english with old englishbgives a large number of examples to reduce difficultycattaches more importance to controversial formsdpays little attention to strict grammatical forms3which of the following statements about the changes is true?athis book keeps up with the latest usages of the american english language.bthis edition offers more information about pr