江苏省南京市高考英语最后冲刺 阅读理解巩固自练12(1).doc

2014江苏省南京市高考英语阅读理解巩固自练阅读理解 (2013海口市调研，c)it was the summer of 1998 and i was trying to study hard for my engineering degree. i went up to the roof for a break and watched people swimming in the natural rock pool below our house. it was a sunny day. but as i looked into the distance, i discovered a series of three or four big waves racing towards the shore. they must have been at least four meters high and were heading at speed in the direction of the pool. from the screams that started coming from the beach, i could tell someone was in trouble.without thinking, i held my bodyboard (冲浪板) and shouted at a stranger to call the lifeguards (救生员). my neighbor moises had heard the screaming as well and was also outside with his bodyboard, so together we rushed to the sea.once we got closer, we discovered two people floating about 400 meters out. waiting for help wasnt a choice. i didnt think twice about trying to save them. when we finally reached them 10 minutes later, they were almost lifeless, pale and motionless. we could tell they were still alive from their small breaths. we put them on our boards, patted their faces to wake them up, telling them to be strong, all the while swimming hard to keep ourselves afloat.thirty minutes later, i began to feel a bit afraid and tired. finally, a small boat with three lifeguards headed towards us. when the boat pulled up, we helped push the couple on board, only to be told that there was no room for us. it seemed pretty unprofessional (不专业的) to leave us therewe were a couple of miles from the shore.i didnt feel like a hero. im sure that anyone who could swim would have done the same thing.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和他的邻居救助两位被海浪冲离岸边的游泳者的故事。9what can we learn from the passage?aa stranger asked the writer to call the lifeguards.bthe writer was afraid and regretted the rescue.cthe writer told from the screams that someone needed help.da neighbor and the writer rushed to the sea with nothing in hand.答案：c细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“from the screams that started coming from the beach, i could tell someone was in trouble.”可知，答案选c。10upon getting close to them, the writer found that the two people _.ahad been saved by others bwere struggling in the seacwere dying dwere crying for help loudly答案：c细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“when we finally reached them 10 minutes later, they were almost lifeless, pale and motionless.”可知，当作者和他的邻居到达溺水者身旁的时候，他们已经奄奄一息了。故答案选c。11from paragraph 4 we can infer that the writer thought _.apeople in need dont come firstbthey were too tired to swim backcwaiting for help wasnt a choicedthe lifeguards should make room for them答案：d推理判断题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者认为那些救生员太不专业了，居然没考虑到给施救者(即作者和他的邻居)留出坐船的地方。故答案选d。阅读理解解读walking in a farmers market often brings one to explore new food options, and now more locallyfarmed protein choices are available to help bridge the gap between our meals and the farms on which they originated. more and more local small farms are popping_up in opposition to factory farms.todays commercial farms do not fit the image that comes to mind while happily singing along to “old mcdonald”. instead, most of the nations food comes from cafos, confined animal feeding operations, where animals are kept in tightly enclosed conditions as they are fattened up and readied to be killed for food.fortunately, knowing exactly where ones food comes from has led to an increase in the availability of what is known as “grassfed” beef. technically, all cattle are grassfed for at least a limited amount of time, but what makes the meat significant is that it is grassfinished, not forcefed corn, soy or grains. this change in diet makes all the difference since corn is not part of the cows traditional diet, and therefore causes major health issues for it. to deal with the health issues, antibiotics (抗生素) are used and some of the antibiotics used to treat the cattle are similar to those given to humans, so they can decrease the effectiveness of medicine when a consumer is sick.a healthier diet for the cattle leads the meat to lower in both fat and calories. and when cooking grassfed beef, youd better use a slightly lower temperature to make it more delicious.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。为了应对机械化农业的弊端，越来越多的小农业开始兴盛起来了，它们生产的农畜牧产品不仅丰富了人们的一日三餐，同时也更绿色、更健康。5the underlined words “popping up” (in the 1st paragraph) probably means _.aimproving bfading cprofiting dappearing6the song “old mcdonald” describes _.aanimals raised freely on local farmsbanimals kept in tightly enclosed conditionsccommercial farms providing fast fooddcommercial farms providing unpopular foods7some medicines are less effective for beef consumers probably because _.asome cattle feed on grainsball cattle diet on grasscsome medicines are used to treat sick cattledsome antibiotics are used by both cattle and people8we can infer from the text that _.afood from local farms can help add to the variety in our daily mealsbsoy or grains are on the list of traditional diets of the cattleccorn for the cattle leads the meat to lower in both fat and caloriesdlower temperature makes grassfed beef more delicious阅读理解 (2013海口市调研，d)any diet on which you eat fewer calories than you need to get through the day, like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous. diets that dont allow any fat also can be bad for you. everyone needs a certain amount of fat in their diet, up to 30% of total calories, so no one should eat a completely fatfree diet.dont have diets that restrict certain food groups, either. a diet that requires you to say no to bread or pasta or allows you to eat only fruit is unhealthy. you wont get the vitamins and minerals you need. and although you may lose weight, youll probably gain it back as soon as you start eating normally again.some people start dieting because they think all the problems in their lives are because of weight. others have an area of their lives that they cant control, like an alcoholic parent, so they focus on something they can control, their exercise and food intake (摄入)people who diet may get lots of praise from friends and family when they start losing pounds, which makes them feel good. but eventually a person reaches a weight level and doesnt lose as much weight as before because the body is trying to keep a healthy weight, so they arent any happier.some people may find it hard to control their eating, so they stick with an_extreme_diet for a little while, but then eat tons of food. feeling guilty about the binge, they use laxatives (泻药). eating too little to maintain a healthy weight or eating only to throw up the calories are both eating disorders, which are harmful to a persons health.文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章告诫减肥人群，在减肥的同时务必要保证健康和均衡的饮食，这样才能获得真正的健康。12the reasons why some people start and keep dieting dont include _.athey think their trouble comes from their weightbthey have a strict parentcother peoples praise when they lose some weightdthere is something they cant control except food intake答案：b细节理解题。根据第三、四段内容可知，a、c、d三项均是人们减肥的原因。b项内容文章没有涉及。故答案选b。13the underlined phrase in the last paragraph refers to _.aa fat free diet ba special dietceating too much deating too little答案：d指代判断题。根据画线短语后“but then eat tons of food”中的“but”可推知，画线部分与其讲述的内容相反，因此“an extreme diet”指的就是“吃得太少”。故答案选d。14which of the following statements is true?aa person needs about 800 calories each day.ba person who doesnt eat bread is unhealthy.can improper diet may cause eating disorder.dfat takes up the most part of calories inside body.答案：c细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“like an 800calorieperday diet, can be dangerous”可知，a项表述错误；根据第二段第二句可知，不包括面包的饮食不健康，但并没说不吃面包的人不健康，故b项表述错误；根据第一段最后一句可知，d项表述错误。故答案选c。15according to the passage, when people want to lose weight, they should _.aavoid eating some food that can lead to being fatbcontrol their eating amount and timeschave a healthy and balanced dietdthrow up some of what they eat答案：c推理判断题。通读全文特别是文章首段内容可知，人们在减肥的同时，还应保证健康和均衡的饮食。故答案选c。阅读理解解读on a visit to japan, wangari maathai learned the story of the hummingbird (蜂鸟) and the forest fire. while the other animals run in fear, the hummingbird flies above the fire time and again, leaving a few drops of water from its beak.“why do you bother？” the other animals shout at the hummingbird. “im doing the best that i can，” the hummingbird replies.“its such a beautiful story，” ms. maathai says, thinking of the worlds environmental problems. “theres always something we can do with our little beak like the little hummingbird.”in 2004 maathai was honored with a nobel peace prize for her work founding the green belt movement (gbm), which hires villagers, especially women, to improve the environment. since then, shes realized that peoples values are what inspire them. if the values are good ones, good actions will follow.“if you dont have good values, youll develop vices (恶劣行径)，” says maathai. “and if we give in to the vice, we destroy ourselves. we destroy the environment.” thats the message of her new book.in 1971, maathai received a doctors degree from the university of nairobi, the largest university in kenya. shes now back in her homeland beginning work on the wangari maathai institute for peace and environmental studies (wmi) at the university of nairobi. “they want to call it after me，” she says.wmi will pay more attention to “learning by doing” and use knowledge to deal with real problems. “what africa needs is people who are willing to get their fingers dirty and work with the people，” says maathai.planting trees is one way people connect with the natural world. she continues to inspire others. “there is no lasting peace unti