江苏省苏州市高考英语三轮冲刺 阅读理解寓乐于练9(1).doc

江苏省苏州市2014高考英语阅读理解寓乐于练阅读理解 (2013重庆，e)it is idely known that any english conversation begins with the weather. such a fixation with the weather finds expression in dr. johnsons famous comment that “when two english meet, their first talk is of weather.” though johnsons observation is as accurate now as it was over two hundred years ago, most commentators fail to come up with a convincing explanation for this english weatherspeak. bill bryson, for example, concludes that, as the english weather is not at all exciting, the obsession with it can hardly be understood. he argues that “to an outsider, the most striking thing about the english weather is that there is not very much of it.” simply, the reason is that the unusual and unpredictable weather is almost unknown in the british isles.jeremy paxman, however, disagrees with bryson, arguing that the english interest is by nature attractive. bryson is wrong, he says, because the english preference for the weather has nothing to do with the natural phenomena. “the interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.” according to him, the weather in england is very changeable and uncertain and it attracts the english as well as the outsider.bryson and paxman stand for common misconceptions about the weatherspeak among the english. both commentators, somehow, are missing the point.the english weather conversation is not really about the weather at all. english weatherspeak is a system of signs, which is developed to help the speakers overcome the natural reserve and actually talk to each other. everyone knows conversations starting with weatherspeak are not requests for weather data. rather, they are routine greetings, conversation starters or the blank “fillers”. in other words, english weatherspeak is a means of social bonding.文章大意：本文为议论文，上来点题：英语对话往往从天气开始。后面具体的介绍几个对此有不同理解的人以及他们的观点。17the author mentions dr. johnsons comment to show that _.amost commentators agree with dr. johnson.bdr. johnson is famous for his weather conversationcthe comment was accurate two hundred years agodenglish conversations usually start with the weather答案：d文章第一句话提到：众所周知，英语的对话往往从天气开始，然后举例说明，显然举例的目的就是表明英语的对话往往从天气开始，故d项正确。18what does the underlined word “obsession” most probably refer to?aa social trend.ban emotional state.ca historical concept.dan unknown phenomenon.答案：b词意猜测题。由语境可知，bill认为因为英国天气一点也不令人兴奋，因此用它对话时表达出来的_难以理解。兴奋应是与人的情感状态有关，故b项正确。19according to the passage, jeremy paxman believes that _.abill bryson has little knowledge of the weatherbthere is nothing special about the english weathercthe english weather attracts people to the british islesdenglish people talk about the weather for its uncertainty答案：d细节理解题。由文章第三段信息the interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty.可知d项正确。20what is the authors main purpose of writing the passage?ato explain what english weatherspeak is about.bto analyse misconceptions about the english weather.cto find fault with both bill bryson and jeremy paxman. dto convince people that the english weather is changeable.答案：a主旨大意题。文章主要讲述英语对话以天气开始的一些事情，故a项正确。阅读理解 (2013辽宁，c)here is an astonishing and significant fact: mental work alone cant make us tired. it sounds absurd. but a few years ago, scientists tried to find out how long the human brain could labor without reaching a stage of fatigue(疲劳). to the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all! if we took a drop of blood from a day laborer, we could find it full of fatigue toxins(霉素) and fatigue products. but if we took blood from the brain of an albert einstein, it would show no fatigue toxins at the end of the day.so far as the brain is concerned, it can work as well and swiftly at the end of eight or even twelve hours of efforts as at the beginning. the brain is totally tireless. so what makes us tired?some scientists declare that most of our fatigue comes from our mental and emotional(情感的) attitudes. one of englands most outstanding scientists, j. a. hadfield, says，“the greater part of the fatigue from which we suffer is of mental origin. in fact, fatigue of purely physical origin is rare.” dr. brill, a famous american scientist, goes even further. he declares，“one hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.”what kinds of emotions make sitting workers tired? joy? satisfaction? no! a feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciatedthose are the emotions that tire sitting workers. hard work by itself seldom causes fatigue. we get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body.文章大意：最新的研究发现：持续的脑力劳动并不使人疲劳，真正使人疲劳的是一些精神上的消极情绪。12what surprised the scientists a few years ago?afatigue toxins could hardly be found in a laborers blood.balbert einstein didnt feel worn out after a days work.cthe brain could work for many hours without fatigue.da mental workers blood was filled with fatigue toxins.答案：c细节理解题。从第一段的to the amazement of these scientists, they discovered that blood passing through the brain, when it is active, shows no fatigue at all！可知答案。13according to the author, which of the following can make sitting workers tired?achallenging mental work. bunpleasant emotions. cendless tasks. dphysical labor.答案：b细节理解题。从第三段的one hundred percent of the fatigue of a sitting worker in good health is due to emotional problems.可知答案。14whats the authors attitude towards the scientists ideas?ahe agrees with them.bhe doubts them.che argues against them.dhe hesitates to accept them.答案：a推理判断题。从文章的最后一段的we get tired because our emotions produce nervousness in the body可知，作者同意科学家的观点。15we can infer from the passage that in order to stay energetic, sitting workers need to _.ahave some good foodbenjoy their workcexercise regularlyddiscover fatigue toxins答案：b推理判断题。从文章的最后一段的a feeling of being bored, anger, anxiety, tenseness, worry, a feeling of not being appreciatedthose are the emotions that tire sitting workers.可知推知，要想精力充沛，必须去掉这些负面的东西，而去喜欢工作，享受工作。阅读理解-amany people eventually get round to trading in their first car. but not mike harrison. he loves his 1931 black bentley sports car so much that hes still driving it 54 years after be bought it.mr harrison was 20 when he paid 150 (about 3,000 now) for the car after passing his test in 1956. it had already done 85,000 miles and he has since driven it a further 100,000, yet the car still runs like clockwork. it is now one of only three left in the country and is worth 250,000. despite its value, mr harrison, 74, says he would never sell the car “which has been my best friend and part of my family all my life”. mr harrison courted his wife jenny in it during the early sixties and it was their family car when children caroline, now 46, and ben, 42, came along. even when he took a job as an advertising executive which came with the company car of his choice, mr harrison kept the bentley. he said: how many people still have their first car these days when everything is so disposable? but it is a real eye-catcher. it has something that modern cars just dont have - style and character. i still drive it most days, even though it only does about 15 miles to the gallon! petrol was just six shillings (30p) a gallon when mr harrison bought the bentley, which had a top speed of 120mph. he has spent thousands of pounds on repairs over the years but has kept the bodywork in good condition himself, hand-painting the underneath and spraying the black panels of the bodywork. for decades the bentley was a regular sight on the roads near mr harrisons home in hampton court, surrey. he now uses it as a runaround after retiring to whitney-on-wye, herefordshire. mrs harrison, 71, said: “it was a nuisance(累赘) keeping it in tip-top order with me helping out with the repairs by passing mike the spanners the whole time. but i wouldnt have changed any of it - i feel like a queen every time im in it.”1. when mike harrison bought his black bentley sports car, it was .a. a hand made car b. a second hand carc. one of only three leftd. unique in style答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节推理题。由文章第二段第二句话 “it had already done 85,000 miles ” 可知，mike harrison 买车的时候，车已经跑了85,000 miles，可以推断, bentley sports car是二手车。故答案为b。2. mike harrison would never sell the car mainly because .a. it has witnessed his life and his familyb. it is very eye catchingc. it has save much oild. it runs very fast 答案解析：答案为a。本题为推理题。由第三段 “mr harrison, 74, says he would never sell the car which has been my best friend and part of my family all my life ”.和第四段的进一步解释可知，这辆车一直陪伴着他和他的家庭，故答案为a。3. it can be concluded from the passage that the car .a. has cost more for repairs than it is worthb. has almost been retiredc. has caused much trouble to mrs. harrison.d. is priceless to the family 答案解析：答案为d。本题为文章主旨推理题。通读全文可知，尽管mike harrison 的车现在已经速度减慢，需要经常修理，但是它见证了mike harrison和他的家庭生活，所以这辆车在他们的心中是无价的。故答案为d。 由第三段 “it is now one of only three left in the country and is worth 250,000.”和第六段 “he has spent thousands of pounds on repairs over the years ”可知，车的修理费是几千镑，但是价值是250,000镑，故a选项错误。 由最后一段最后一句话 “but i wouldnt have changed any of it - i feel like a queen every time im in it.”可知，这辆车还是在使用，并没退休，故b选项错误。c选项未提及。4. whats the main purpose of this writing?a. to show that an old car is better than a new one.b. to share mike harrisons story of his first car.c. to ask people to treasure old things.d. to describe the quality of a black bentley. 答案解析：答案为b。本题考查文章的写作目的，结合前面的问题可知，全文都是在围绕mike harrison和他的车展开，故答案为b。阅读理解-bamericas population was booming and spreading west in the early 1800s. westward expansion came mostly at the expense of the indians who were often forced to move from their native lands. in the state of georgia, the population increased 600 percent in the matter of 40 years. as a result, many of its native tribes(部落) were pushed out. the cherokee indians, of western georgia had managed to keep their land until gold was discovered in their territory in 1828. in 1830, however, president andrew jackson authorized (批准) the indian removal act. the cherokees fought the law, and it was overturned by chief justice john marshall two years later.just three years later, however, in 1835, the treaty of new echota was signed. the treaty was not authorized by the cherokee nation, but rather, a small group of cherokee radicals led by john ridge. under the treaty, the cherokee were to leave georgia and the government would compensate them at a price determined to be about 5 percent of the value of the land. the majority of the cherokee nation would never had agreed to the treaty, but the u.s. government ratified it anyway. john ridge was thus seen as a traitor by the cherokees - and would later pay with his life. the georgia government then staged a land lottery in which cherokee land was divided into 160 equal portions. they were sold to anyone who had $4.00 and who had won a chance to own land. in 1838, general winfield scott and 7,000 troops invaded cherokee land. men, women, and children were forced to walk westward from georgia nearly 1,000 miles with minimal facilities and food, to reservations set up for them in oklahoma. cherokee chief john ross, eventually was able to convince winfield scott that his people should lead the tribe west. scott agreed and ross divided the people into smaller groups so they could forage for food on their own. although ross may have save countless lives, nearly 4,000 indians died walking this trail of tears. 1. which of the following happened first?a. cherokees walk to oklahoma.b. the indian removal act.c. the treaty of new echota.d. the georgia “land lottery”. 答案解析：答案为b。本题为细节题。由文章第二段倒数第二句话 “in 1830, however, president andrew jackson authorized the indian removal act.”可知，b选项发生在1830年；由第三段第一句话 “just three years later, however, in 1835, the treaty of new echota was signed.”可知，c选项发生在1835年；由第三段倒数第二句话 “the georgia government then staged a land lottery in which cherokee land was divided into 160 equal portions.”可知，d选项发生在treaty of new echota后; 由最后一段前两句话 “ in 1838, general winfield scott and 7,000 troops invaded cherokee land. set up for them in oklahoma.”可知，a选项发生在最后。故答案为b。2. the underlined part “ratified it” (in para. 3) can be replaced by “ ”. a. made it officialb. signed it secretlyc. removed itd. ignored it 答案解析：答案为a。本题为语义推断题。结合该短语出