江苏省南通市实验中学八年级英语上册 Unit 3教案 牛津版.doc

unit 3教案知识要点：1、英语的比较级和最高级形容词和副词有比较级和最高级，其词的变化规则如下：一般情况下在词尾 +er 或esttall taller tallest （原级）（比较级）（最高级）long longer longest dear dearer dearest 在这个单词中r发音读为rdir dirist以e结尾的词，只需加r或stlatelaterlatestlargelargerlargest以辅音字母 + y结尾的双音节词，要去y变i再加er，estheavyheavierheaviesteasyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiest重读闭音节词，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，要双写这个辅音字母，再加er，estbigbiggerbiggestredredderreddest有些词的变化是特殊的，要特殊记：原级 比较级 最高级good/wellbetterbestmany/muchmoremostbadworseworstlittle less least 在两个人或物之间进行比较，就要用比较级，我们看一下比较级句子的形成过程：mr. read is tall.mr. king is taller.把这两个简单句合并为一个带有比较状语从句的复合句：mr. king is taller than mr. read (is tall.)省略由此可见，than后面的是主语，使用代词时一般用主格，口语中有时用宾格eg：his brother is shorter than he.(主格)下面根据谓语动词的情况给同学们两个句型以便掌握比较级的句型：主语 + 系动词 + adj. 比较级 + than + 对比成分lily is younger than li tao.han meimei is hungrier than lucy.主语 + 行为动词 + adv. 比较级 + than + 对比成分jim comes to school earlier than mike.mike comes to school later than jim.形容词和副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或物之间的比较，一般有一定的范围，常表达“最之一”，这个范围一般用in或of的无定语来表达，形容词的最高级前一定要用定冠词“the”。eg：lin tao is the tallest in our class. 林涛是我们班最高的。the cake with meat is the nicest of all. 带肉的月饼是所有里面最好的。句型：主语 + 系动词 + the + adj. 最高级 + 名词 + 范围changjiang river is the longest river in china.she is the oldest of the three. 她是三个人中最大的。主语 + 行为动词 + adv. 最高级 + 范围miss hu comes to school earliest is our school. who comes latest, lucy, lily or lilei?2、be free 有空，free的反义词是busy, 也可be busy 忙的are you free now? 你现在有空吗？he is busy now. 他正忙着呢。3、come over 过来，顺便拜访。come over to my house. im free tonight.4、would like 是想要，语气较委婉、客气记住以下两个句型：would like would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事would you like to have some coffee? yes, id like to.i would like some tea. = likewe would like you to sing an english song for us. hed like to talk with you.5、a little的用法：a little在本单元中做副词短语，修饰形容词：1）are you hungry?yes, a little.a little = im a little hungry.2）you are speaking a little fast. i can hardly follow you.3）can you speak english?yes, a little.a little还可以做定语，修饰不可数名词。意思是“有一点”。eg：there is a little milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点牛奶。we have a little bread for breakfast. 而little做定语时，则意思是“几乎没有”eg：there is little water here. 这儿几乎没有水了。6、学习下列短语：many different kinds of 许多不同种类的at night 在夜晚in the day 在白天in the open air 在户外come from 来自于one of其中之一be hungry 饥饿be full 饱了8、感叹句专题讲座（见后面）语音学习： 注意：ea字母组合有两种发音即：i: 和e字母a在重读音闭音节中一般发e 如：fat, back, hard, ladder下面归纳一下发l的元音字母和字母组合：字母u读l：cup, mum, much, jump, lunch, must, nut, hungry, under, number, study, sunday.字母o发l：（一般在m, n, th, v等字母前读l）son, some, other, another,