江苏省徐州市王杰中学高中英语 unit3 Gramma导学案2 新人教版必修3.doc

module 3 unit 3 grammari. 学习目标：1) _ (have) your classmates finished their homework? (have) 2) my friend and i_( want) to play outside after watching tv. (want) 3) most of the students (prefer) english to mathematics. (prefer) 4) _(have) all of the cake been eaten up? (has) 5) collecting stamps (be) one of his favourite pastimes. (is) 6) _(be) your family a big one? (is) 7) all my family (get) up early in the morning. (get) 8) neither his father nor his mother_(play) the piano. (plays)9) the remains of the old castle_(be) destroyed in world war ii. (were) 10) not only jim but also his parents_ (be) going to see you next sunday. (are) 11) not only jims parents but also jim_ (be) going to see you next sunday. (is)i. multiple choice1. the country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992.a. change b. has changed c. changing d. have2. she has set a new record, that is, the sales of her latest book _ 50 million.a. have reached b. has reached c. are reaching d. had reached3. on _, the runners can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes. a. common b. general c. usual d. average4. robert is said_ abroad，but i dont know what country he once studied in.a. to have studied b. to study c. to be studying d. to have been studying5. he studied hard and later became a well-known writer, _ his father had expected. a. that was what b. what was that c. which was what d. which was that6. a survey of the opinions of experts _ that three hours of outdoor exercise a week _ good for ones health. （2007江西） a. show; are b. shows; is c. show; is d. shows; are7. the no. 5 bus stopped at the school gate to _ ten students. a. take up b. turn up c. pick up d. set up8. _ answer _ offered to us, but we still felt it hard to decide what to do. a. a number of; were b. a large amount of; was c. many a; were d. more than one; was9. only _ in the school _ been repaired.a. one third of the desks; has b. one third desks; havec. one third of the desks; have d. one third desks; has10. mrs. brown was much disappointed to see that the washing machine she had had _ went wrong again. a. to repair b. it repair c. repaired d. to be repaired11. the managers discussed the plan that they would like to see _ the next year. (nmet 2000) a. carry out b. carrying out c. carried out d. to carry out12. he is the only one of the students who _ elected.a. are b. have c. has d. is13. i made a call to my parents yesterday. to my disappointment, of them answered it. （05福建）a. either b. none c. neither d. nobody14. if anyone happens to drop in while i am out, him or her leave a message. （05福建）a. have b. get c. ask d. tell15. - the woman biologist stayed in africa studying wild animals for 13 years before she returned. - oh, dear! she _ a lot of difficulties! （05江苏）a. may go through b. might go throughc. ought to have gone through d. must have gone throught: then lets finish the following exercises.1. each of you _ responsible for the accident. a. am b. bec. is d. are 2. each man and woman _ the same rights. a. has b. havec. had d. is having 3. every means _ tried but without much result. a. has been b. have been c. are d. is 4. there _ in this room. a. are too much furnitureb. is too many furnitures c. are too much furnituresd. is too much furniture 5. the manager or his assistant _ planning to go. a. wereb. arec. was d. be 6. not only i but also david and iris _ fond of playing basketball. a. amb. isc. ared. was 7. neither tom nor his parents _ at home. a. isb. arec. hasd. was 8. either the dean or the principal _ the meeting. a. attendsb. attendc. are attendingd. have attended 9. _ was wrong. a. not the teacher but the students b. both the students and the teacher c. neither the teacher not the studentsd. not the students but the teacher 10. “_ twenty dollars a big sum to her?” “i suppose so.” a. will beb. isc. ared. were 11. three hours _ enough for us to finish the task. a. areb. hasc. isd. were 12. most of his savings _ in the xin hua bank. a. has been keptb. is being keptc. have keptd. have been kept 13. all that can be done _. a. has doneb. has been done c. have doned. have been done 14. one or perhaps more pages _. a. is missingb. has been missed c. are missingd. was missing 15. more than one worker _ dismissed. a. have been b. are c. has been d. has 16. many a student _ the importance of learning a foreign language. a. have realizedb. has realizedc. have been realizedd. has been realized 17. the gas works _ near the city. a. is b. are c. were d. be 18. the surroundings of his house _ clean now. a. is b. are c. was d. were 19. the committee _ over the problem among themselves for two hours. a. has arguedb. has been arguingc. have arguedd. have been arguing 20. the public _ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims. a. isb. wasc. ared. has been 21. cattle _ on the hillside. a. grazes b. is grazing c. was grazingd. were grazing 22. her politics _ neither conservative nor liberal. a. isb. arec. wasd. has been 23. measles _ a kind of infectious illness.a. isb. arec. wered. have been 24. the philippines _ to the southeast of china. a. liesb. lie c. lay d. lays 25. mary is one of the girls who _ always on time. a. is b. amc. are d. was 26. tom is the only one of the stall members who _ to be promoted. a. is goingb. are goingc. has been going d. have been going 27. what caused the accident _ on the road. a. were stone b. were stonesc. was stone d. was stones 28. wisky and soda _ his favorite drink. a. isb. arec. wered. have been 29. _ is to attend our evening. a. both the singer and the dancer b. either the singer or dancersc. the singer or dancers d. the singer and dancer 30. the smiths _ their breakfast when the morning post came. a. had b. has been havingc. are having d. were having31. no one except two students _ the meeting. a. has been late forb. have been late forc. was late for d. were later for 32. all but him and me _ to the exhibition. a. am going b. is goingc. are going d. was going 33. interest, as well as prospects, _ important when one looks for a job. a. are b. were c. is d. was 34. the president, accompanied by his assistants, _. a. have arrivedb. are arrivingc. had arrived d. has arrived 35. a number of cars _ in front of the park. a. is parkedb. was parkedc. are parkedd. has parked 36. the number of articles published on smoking _ amazing. a. is b. arec. wered. have been 37. the majority of doctors _ smoking is harmful to health. a. are believedb. had believedc. has believedd. believe 38. the majority of the damage _ easy to repair. a. is b. arec. wered. be 39. four-fifths of the crop _. a. are ruinedb. was ruined c. were ruined d. have been ruined 40. three-fourths of the buildings _. a. was destroyedb. is destroyedc. were destroyedd. has been destroyed 41. early to bed and early to rise _ a man healthy, happy and wise. a. makingb. to make c. make d. makes 42. mathematics _ the language of science. a. isb. has beenc. ared. have been 43. the young _ the vital forces in our society. a. isb. has beenc. ared. have been 44. every man, woman and child _ some history, enough at least, to survive in the world. a. knows b. know c. is known d. are known 45. none of them _ my friends. a. is b. are c. wasd. has been 46. not only the whole nation, but the whole europe, indeed the whole human society _ to alter its attitude to racial problems. a. needb. needs c. has a need d. have a need 47. getting to other planets or to the moon _ many problems. a. involveb. involvesc. involvingd. to involve 48. in that country, the rich _ richer, the poor, poorer. a. becomeb. has becomec. becomesd. is becoming 49. the project requires more labor than _ because it is extremely difficult. a. has been put in b. have been put inc. being put in d. to be put in 50. not one in one hundred children exposed to the disease _ likely to develop it. a. should be b. must be c. is d. are主谓一致在英语中，谓语动词要与句子主语一致。一般来讲，主语是复数，谓语动词则用非第三人称单数；主语是单数，谓语动词则用第三人称单数。 如：(1) all the carpets are made of pure wood.所有的毯子均用纯羊毛做的。 (2) is your companion waiting for you?你的同事在等你吗？ 1、有些名词作为主语，在形式上为单数，但谓语动词要用非第三人称单数。 如：the police are after the thief. 警察在追贼。 2.有些名词作为主语，在形式上为复数，但谓语动词要用第三人称单数。 如：maths is my favorite subject.数学是我最喜欢的课程。 3.有些名词作为主语，要先判断它们在句子中是单数还是复数，再决定谓语动词是用第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数。如：（1） is your family a large one?你们家是个大家庭吗？(family 在本句中是单数)。（2）my family get up early on weekdays. 在工作日我家的人起床很早. (family在本句中是复数)。4. 如主语是单数，尽管后面跟有with, together with, as well as, but, like, except等引起的短语，谓语动词通常用第三人称单数形式。如： nobody but xiao li and xiao wang was there.只有小李和小王在那里。5.当一个句子有两个主语，而它们又是由eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also连接起来时，谓语通常与最近的主语一致。如：not only you but also he has been to cairo.你和他都去过开罗。6. 其它一些用法：neither of, either of及each of 连接的词组作主语时，句子的谓语动词应是第三人称单数形式，但前两个短语在口语中也可用非第三人称单数形式。如：（1）either of us has learned the new textbook.我们两人都学过这种新教材。（2）neither of you know(s) the answer.你们俩都不知道这个答案。7.短语more than one + 名词作主语，谓语动词多用第三人称单数形式，但也有非第三人称单数表达的。如：more than one team enter(s) for the relay race.不只是一个队报名参加接力赛。8.在百分数、分数等后面，如果跟可数名词，动词用非第三人称单数；如果跟不可数名词，动词用非第三人称单数形式。如：55 percent of the students are girls in our school. 我校百分之五十五的学生是女生。80 percent of the work has been done.百分之八十的工作已经做好。词组one and a half后面虽是复数名词，谓语动词还是要用第三人称单数形式。如：one and a half aspirins is left in the bottle.瓶里有一片半的阿斯匹林。9.在四则运算中，主语是数词，谓语动词常用第三人称单数形式。 如：(1) two plus two is four二加二是四 (2) two times two is four二乘二是四 但是用and 连接，谓语动词常用非第三人称单数形式。如：two and two are four二加二是四。10.如果一个句子由there或here引起，而主语又不只有一个，那么谓语动词的数由第一个主语的单、复数形式决定：如果第一个主语是单数，那么谓语动词则用第三人称单数形式；如果第一个主语是复数，那么谓语动词则用非第三人称单数形式。如：there is a supermarket and many other shops here.这儿有一个超级市场和一些别的商店。11.none 作为主语，谓语动词既可以用单数形式也可以用复数形式。 如：none has/have seen the effect of such a sunset.没人见过这种日落的效果。12. 在主语从句中，整个句子作主语，一般视为单数形式，谓语动词也一般用第三人称单数形式。但有时由what引起的主语从句，谓语动词用第三人称单数还是非第三人称单数形式，随意思而定。如：(1). what he said is correct. 他说的话是对的。(2). what she left me are a few books. 他给我留下的只是几本书。13.非谓语动词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 如：seeing is believing. 眼见为实。14.表示时间、重量、长度、价值、金钱、距离等的名词作主语，尽管是复数形式，但它们一般作为整体看待，动词一般也要用第三人称单数形。如：one hundred li was covered in a single night.强化训练1.three_ died in the terrible fire in luo yang last winter.a. hundreds peopleb. hundred peoplec. hundreds peoplesd. hundred peoples解析：选b. hundred一词前面有具体数词修饰时不加-s。2. either you or the president _ the prizes to these gifted winners at the meeting.a. is handing outb. are to hand outc. are handing outd. is to hand out解析：选d. 当either or 连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词在人称和数上与后一个主语保持一致。“be+不定式”表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作。3. i, who _ your close friend, will try my best to help you out of trouble.a. am b. is c. are d. be解析：选a. who 为引导定语从句的关系代词，其先行词是i ,所以谓语动词要用am。4. the olympic games in the year 2008 _ in beijing of china, which _ known to us all.a. is to hold; isb. is to be held; wasc. are to hold; is d. are to be held; is解析：选d. 主语the olympic games 意为：奥运会，谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式；后半部分为which引导的非限制情定语从句，其谓语动词要用单数形式。5. there _ a lot of rubbish on the floor so i asked mary to sweep _ up.a. were; itb. are; themc. was; itd. is; them解析：选c. there be句型中be动词的单复数取决于其后的主语，a lot of rubbish(不可数名词)，因此后面谓语动词要用单数。6. three million tons of coal _ every year in the city.a. is exploitedb. are exploitedc. had exploitedd. have exploited解析：选a. 主语为coal, 是不可数名词。根据题意，此处要用被动语态。7. stories of the long march _ popular with the young people now.a. is b. was c. are d. were解析：选a. 主语stories of the long march 是书名，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。8. mathematics _ the language of science.a. areb. are going to bec. isd. is to be解析：选c. 此处mathematics 为学科名词，作主语时谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。9. both rice and wheat _ grown in our country.a. is b. are c. was d. were解析：选b. both-and-连接两个并列主语时，句子的谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。10. _ either of your parents come to see you recently?a. haveb. hadc. hasd. is解析：选c. either 是主语部分的中心词，助动词要与either在数上保持一致。11. what the children in the mountain village need _ good books.a. isb. are c. haved. has解析：选b. what 引导的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词要根据后面的名词的数来决定，此处要用非第三人称单数形式。12. the whole family _ tv attentively.a. are watchingb. is watchingc. is seeingd. are seeing解析：选a.此处family指家里的各个成员，所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形式。13. nothing but several glasses _ bought by my father the day before yesterday.a. was b. were c. have been d. would be解析：选a. 此处nothing句子的主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。14. at the bus stop _ a soldier and two young people on their way to the village.a. were b. was c. is d. sits解析：选a. 此句为倒装句，句子的主语是a soldier and two young people.15. if law and order _, neither the citizen nor his family is safe.a. are not preserved b. is not preservedc. were preserved d. have not been preserved解析：选b. 此处主语law and order 指的是同一个概念，所以谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式.16. there _ little change in that middle school.a. have b. had c. have been d. has been解析：选d. 此处there be结构中的主语little change是不可数名词。17. what such a sunset is _ strange to us all.a. going to be b. / c. is d. that解析：选c. 本句是主语从句，缺谓语，所以要用第三人称单数形式。18. seventy-five percent of the earths surface _ with water.a. is coveredb. is coveringc. were coveredd. are covered解析：选a. 本句缺谓语，主语percent后面是不可数名词，所以要用第三人称单数形式。19. the following _ some other mental diseases.a. being b. are c. was d. were解析：选b. 本句的表语是复数形式，所以谓语动词要用非第三人称单数形。20. not only you but also i _ able to help him out.a. are b. is c. am d. were解析：选c. 根据就近一致性原则，谓语用am。21.“ the kites” _ us a story of the kites history.a. have told b. tells c. were told d. was told解析：选b. 本句的主语是书名，从整体考虑，谓语是第三人称单数形。22. you and i _ twin sisters.a. were b. are c. is d. am解析：选b. 用and连接两个并列主语时，谓语用非第三人称单数形。23. a teacher of english and class teacher _ us something about volunteer workers.a are telling b. is telling c. are given d. were given解析：选b. 本句主语是同一个人，谓语用第三人称单数形式。24. thousands of tons of rubbish _ over a large period of time.a. rots awayb. rot away c. has rotted awayd. are rotted away解析：选b. 本句主语是tons, 是复数形式，rot是不及物动词，不可用被动形式。25. mayor as well as volunteer workers _ the newly-built stadium.a. is cleaningb. are cleaningc. were cleaningd. have cleaned解析：选a. 本句主语mayor是单数形式，谓语用第三人称单数形式。26. many a student _ something about abraham lincoln. a. have knownb. knowsc. is knownd. are known解析：选b.主语many a student 意思是复数，形式是单数。谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。27. the defence works _ built long ago to keep the enemy away.a. were b. has been c. had been d. was解析：选d. 主语works 是集合名词，当成整体考虑，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。.28.“ have you all studied the passageusing the mind against disease？”“_ .”a. nobody of us has b. nobody of us havec. none of us has d. none of us did解析：选c. 因为问句是完成时态，答句要用完成时态回答，另外主语不可用nobody of us.29. a group of italian soldiers _ quickly towards their position.a. were advancingb. were advancedc. was advancingd. advancing解析：选a. 主语a group of 在本句中表示具体每个人。30. everyone, men and women, old and young _ sports and games.a. is enjoyb. were enjoyingc. enjoysd. enjoy解析：选c. 本句主语是不定代词everyone，为单数主语，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形。 2. read part a on page 51. it is another of anns diary entries. read the article and choose the correct verb forms. then go through part b on page 51. it is a letter in a local newspaper. read the letter and finish the exercise individually, using the correct forms of the given verbs. something more about agreement主谓一致应注意的若干问题1名词作主语。1）某些集体名词如family,team等作主语时，如果作为一个整体看待，谓语用单数，反之用复数。the crowd were runing for their lives.my family is going out for a trip.the whole family are watching tv.这类词常有audience, class, club, committee, company, crew, crowd, enemy, government, group, party, public, team等。population和“a group(crowd)of + 复数名词”也适用于这种情况，强调整体用单数，强调各个部分用复数。2）某些集体名词如people, police, cattle, oxen谓语动词用复数。3）单、复数同形的名词作主语时，谓语动词应根据意义决定单、复数。a sheep is over there. some sheep are over there.4）名词所有格之后的名词被省略，这种情况一般只指商店、工场、住宅等；作主语时，动词一般用单数。my uncles is not far from here.常见的省略名词有the bakers, the barbars, the zhangs等。表示店铺的名词一般作集体名词看待，但用作主语时，谓语动词往往用复数。如：richardsons have a lot of old goods to sell.5）当名词词组中心词为表示度量、距离、金额、时间、书名等复数名词时，往往可以根据意义一致的原则，把这些复数名词看作一个整体，谓语用单数。thirty years has passed.five minutes is enough to finish the task.6）不定代词each, every, no所修饰的名词即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时，谓语动词仍用单数形式。如：each boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.7）如果主