lesson1——名词和代词.doc

人称代词和物主代词一、人称代词 人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称第二人称第三人称人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。_am a teacher._ are student._ is a student, too._ are students.人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。Give it to _(I)Pass _ (he) the book.Tell _ (she) the story.Listen to _ (they).二、物主代词 数 人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词汉语我的你的他的她的它的我们的你们的他（她、它）们的物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 1、形容词性物主代词用(my/your/his/her/its/our/their) 起形容词的作用+名词 例：1)Thisis_book. 这是我的书。 2)Welove_motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。2、名词性物主代词起名词的作用。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 例：1)Lookatthetwopencils.Theredoneis_andtheblueoneis_=Theredoneis_pencilandtheblueoneis_pencil. 看那两支铅笔，红的是你的，蓝的是我的。 2)Helikes_pen.Hedoesntlike_.=Hedoesntlike_pen. 他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。 . 3、注意：在使用名词性物主代词时，必须有特定的语言环境，也就是要省略的名词大家已经知道，已经提起过。 例： Itshers. 是她的。 （单独使用大家不知是怎么回事，不可以这样用） Thereisabook.Itshers. 那有本书。是她的。 （先提及，大家才明白） 4、名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 为避免重复使用名词，有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。 例： Mybagisyellow，_(herbag)isred，_(hisbag)isblueand_(your)bagispink. Whats _ (you) name? _ (I ) name is Sally.Is this _ (you) book?No,，it isnt， its _.(her book)This is _ (we) classroom. _ (They) classroom is over there.This is not _ (he) book. _ (his book) is over there.This is not _( I ) book. _ (my book) is in the bag.Where is _ (you) book? I cant find _ (your book)一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。1、This is（my / I）mother.2、 Nice to meet （your / you）.3.、（He / His）name is Mark.4、Whats（she / her）name?5.、Excuse（me / my / I）.6、Are（your / you）Miss Li?7、（I/ My）am Ben.8、（She / Her）is my sister.9、Fine , thank （your / you）.10. How old is （he / his）? 二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。1、These are _ ( he ) brothers.2、That is _( she ) sister.3、Lily is _ ( Lucy ) sister.4、Tom, this is _ ( me ) cousin, Mary.5、Now _(her parent) are in America.6、Those _children_ ( child ) are _ ( I ) fathers students.7、Do you know _ ( it ) name?8、Mike and Tom _ ( be ) friends.9、Thanks for helping _( I ).10、_(Ann安)mother is _(we) teacher. 三, 填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1、_ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。2、My dog likes _. 我的狗喜欢她。3、Who is there? Its _. 是谁啊？是我。4、Come with _. 跟我来。5、_ classroom is bigger than _. 你们的教室比我们的要大。6、_ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。7、I want to buy some balloons for _. 我想买些气球送给他。8、These are _ photos. 这些是我们的照片。9、_ like _ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。10、Let _ give _ a book. 让我给你一本书。11、This is _ father. 这是我的爸爸。12、Is that bike _? Yes, its _. 那辆自行车是你的吗？是，它是我的。13、_ like _ car. 我喜欢他们的小汽车。14、Our school is here, and _theirs_ is there. 我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿. 15、Whose bike is this? Its _hers_ (= _her bike_ _). 这是谁的自行车？是她的。16、Is that car _? Yes, its _. 那辆车是你的吗？是的，它是我的。 四：用物主代词填空:1、I own（拥有） that cat; that cat is _ .2、You own that cat: that cat is _ .3、He owns that cat; that cat is _ .4、She owns that cat; that cat is _ .5、They own that cat; that cat is _课后练习一填空。1. (她) is a student. (她) sister is a student too.2. (我) want (你) to do it today.3. (他) twin brother is a worker. (他们) are twins.4. (你们) are from England. (我们) are from China.5. All of (我们) love (我们) teachers.6. This is (我) book. That is (你).7. These pens are (他们). (你们) are over there.8. Can (你) read it for (我们).二、选择题。 （ ）1、Look at . A. him B. he C. his（ ）2、I drive to the park every day.A. they B. their C. them（ ）3、 classroom is big. A. we B. us C. Our（ ）4、I love . A. she B. her C. hers（ ）5、Do you know ? A. I B. my C. me（ ）6、I am son. A. they B. their C. them（ ）7、This is not _ desk. My desk is over there.A. I B. my C. me（ ）8、Can you spell _ name, Harry? Sorry.A. you B. your C. yours（ ）9、Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _ room.A. they B. them C. their（ ）10、We are in the same class. _ classroom is very nice.A. our B. my C. ours（ ）11、Mrs Green is my teacher. Im _ student.A. he B. his C. him（ ）12、Thats a cat. _ name is Mimi.A. It B. Its C. Its三改错。 1、My am his classmate. 2、They all like I. 3、This is not she pen. 4、Our are the twins. 5、Thses are they desks. 6、lisen, her is singing a pop song. 7、Who is he?-His my cousin. 8、What is he father? 9、His pen is red ,but my is blue. 四按要求写出下列代词的形式1、I（宾格） 2、he（形容词性物主代词） 3、us（主格） 4、they（宾格） 5、she（宾格） 6、you（名词性物主代词） 7、it（宾格） 8、him（复数）9、her（形容词性物主代词） 10、my（复数） 11、they（名词性物主代词）12、we（单数）五、用括号里的代词的适当形式填空1、Mr Yang is _(we) teacher._(him) is from Beijing. _(his) teaches_(our) English.2、Look,there is a cat._(they) is Lilys._(it) name is Mimi.3、Let_(I) tell _(she) about_(he) life at school.4、This is _(they) rooom.Where is _(our)?5、Dont use the eraser._ is _(me).6、The lady under the tree is _(me) aunt._(her) often sings with _(she) husband名词一、可数名词和不可数名词 1、可数名词一般有单数和复数两种形式。其变化形式有规则和不规则两种。 A. 规则变化B. 不规则变化-初中阶段的不规则变化的名词复数基本如下： manmen; womanwomen; childchildren; footfeet; toothteeth; fishfish; sheepsheep; deerdeer mousemice Chinese-Chinese JapaneseJapaneseC. shoes, glasses, trousers等由两部分构成的表示物或工具的名词作主语时，当其前有a pair of, a kind of, a set of等修饰时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。2、不可数名词没有复数形式，最常见的不可数名词可归纳为：茶水牛奶兑桔汁，米肉面包和食物；家庭作业工作忙，幸福日子钱财多。即：tea, water, milk, orange, rice, meat, bread, food；homework, work, money。 A. 不可数名词如果表示确切数量时，物质名词可借助单位词表示一定的数量，应用“数量词 + of + 不可数名词”结构，若表示复数，只把of前的数量词变为复数。如：a bottle of orange 一瓶桔子汁 / two bottles of orange两瓶桔子汁。B. 不可数名词表示不定数目需要用some, a little, a lot of / lots of,much等词修饰。如：a little oil一点儿油 / a lot of oil许多油，some rice and water一些米饭和水。【特别提示】 (1) 有些复合名词变成复数时，只将复合名词的主体词变为复数。例如： looker-onlookers-on 旁观者 (2) 由man和woman构成的复合名词，两者都要变成复数。例如：man teachermen teachers男教师 (3) 有些词在形式上是单数形式，但意义上是复数。例如：people, police,family(家人)等。 (4) 有些词形式上是复数，但意义上是单数。例如：news, maths,physics等。 (5) 有些名词的单复数形式的意义不同,要根据上下文来决定是可数名词还是不可数名词。例如： He keeps many chickens. （鸡，可数名词） I like to eat some chicken. （鸡肉，不可数名词） time （时间） times （时代，次数） wood （木头） woods （森林）精练orange oranges room roomsglass glasses family families二、名词所有格1. 表示人或有生命的东西的名词所有格的构成。 (1) 在单数名词后加-s构成。例如：my brothers bike (2) 在不以字母s结尾的复数名词后加-s。例如：the Childrens Palace (3) 在以s结尾的名词后加-。例如：the teachers desks 【特别提示】 (1)并列名词表示各自所属时，在两个名词后各加-s。表示共同所属时只在最后的名词后加-s。例如： Lucys and Lilys bedrooms （两个卧室） Tom and Peters father （兄弟两人的父亲） (2) 以s结尾的专用名词后一般加-或-s。例如： Dickens / Dickenss works 狄更斯的作品 2. 表示无生命的东西的名词所有格通常是由“of + 名词”构成。例如： the windows of the classroom 教室的窗户 3. 双重所有格。 (1) “of + 名词-s”这种形式称为名词的双重所有格。双重所有格常用来表示整体中的一部分。例如： Tom is a friend of my brothers. 汤姆是我哥哥的朋友中的一个。 (2) of后的“名词-s”也可以用名词性物主代词代替。例如： Tom is a child of theirs. 汤姆是他们的一个孩子。 巩固精练：选择正确的词语填空。 1. That mobile phone isnt mine. It is my _(sister, sisters). 2. How many _ (monkey, monkeys) are there in the zoo? 3. They had a lot of _ (photos, photo) taken on the Great Wall. 4. This is _ (Bettys and Kates, Betty and Kates) room. Its tidy and clean. 5. Come on, _ (childs, children). Ill tell you a _ (piece of, / ) good news.一、短语英汉互译。 1. 三张纸 _ 2. 四盒粉笔 _ 3. 一副眼镜 _ 4. 两条消息_ 5. 十只绵羊 _ 6. ten minutes walk _ 7. my teachers desk _ 8. the gate of the school _9. a friend of mine _ 10. the first day of the week _ 二、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。 1. There are some _ (树叶) on the ground. 2. The boy has two _ (小刀). 3. This is _ (李磊的) brother. 4. The woman is _ (Lucy和Lily的) mother. 5. There are two _ (男医生) in the clinic. 6. These _ (德国人) are walking up the Great Wall. 7. There are _ (四条鱼) in the bowl. 8. June 1st is _ (儿童节). 三、单项填空。 1. The deer has four _. A. foot B. feet C. feets D. foots 2. Twenty dollars _ enough for the coat. A. is B. are C. has D. have 3. There are four _ and two _ in the group. A. Japanese, English men B. Japaneses, English men C. Japanese, English mans D. Japaneses, English mans 4. Two _ would come to the village. A. woman-teachers B. women teacher C. women teachers D. woman teachers 5. The old _ taken good care of in our country. A. is B. has C. are D. have 6. The _ has two _. A. boys, watches B. boy, watch C. boy, watches D. boys, watch 7. What we want _ milk. A. is B. are C. were D. am 8. The Chinese _ will not leave England until her daughter finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men 9. Both Kate and I _ ready for the picnic now. A. is B. am C. are D. have 10. The cat caught two _ last night. A. mouses B. mices C. mouse D. mice 11. What do you have for breakfast? I often have _ or _. A. breads; noodles B. bread; noodles C. breads; noodle D. bread; noodle 12. People in America eat much _. A. potatoes B. onions C. beef D. hamburgers 13. How many _ are there on the table? There are five. 14 There are three _ assistants in that A. women; shoe B. woman; shoe C. woman; shoes D. women; shoes Exercise 1. There is no _ in the bus so we have to wait for the next bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. seats 2. All the _ teachers and _ students are having a meeting. A. men; boys B. men; boy C. man; boy D. man; boys 3. Would you like some _? No, thanks. Im not thirsty at all. A. bread B. water C. cake D. tomato 4. Could you give me two _, please? Sure, here you are. A. bottles of milks B. bottle of milks C. bottle of milk D. bottles of milk 5. Where is your seat? Its between _, in Row 5. A. Mabel and Linda B. Mabels and Linda C. Mabel and Lindas D. Mabels and Lindas 6. Let the children go away. They are making so much _ here. A. noise B. voice C. noisy D. sounds 7. What do you do on the farm, David? My job is to feed the animals, such as _ and _. A. horses; sheeps B. horse; sheep C. horse; sheeps D. horses; sheep 8. September 10th is _ Day. A. Teacher B. Teachers C. Mother D. Mothers 9. _ mother is a famous writer. The twin sisters are proud of her. A Ann and Jane B Anns and Janes C Anns and Jane D. Ann and Janes 10. How many _ and _ are there in your class? A. boy student; girl ones B. girls students; boys onesC. boys student; girl one D. girl students; boy ones 11. A group of _ are talking with two _ over there. A. Frenchmen; Germans B. Frenchmen; Germen C. German; Frenchmen D. Germans; Frenchmans 12. That bus driver drank two _. A. glass of water B. glasses of waters C. cups of tea D. cup of tea 13. These _ were sent to the villages to help farmers. A. women doctor B. women doctors C. woman doctors D. woman doctor 14. _ is made of (由构成)_. A. Glass; glass B. A glass; glass C. Glasses; glasses D. A glass; glasses 15. Are those _? No, they arent. Theyre _. A. sheep; cows B. sheep; cow C. sheeps; cow D. sheeps; cows16. In a few _ time, those mountains will be covered with trees. A. year B. years C. years D. years 17. _ face to the south. A. Windows in room B. The windows of the room C. The rooms windows D. The windows in room 18. Please take two _. A. picture of the park B. pictures of the park C. the pictures of a park D. picture of a park阅读训练AMy name is Wu Peng. I usually have two meals 51 day-brunch and dinner. “ 52 “means(意思是) breakfast and lunch. I 53 brunch at a restaurant. I 54 a hamburger, 55 French fries and a banana for 56 . After brunch, I 57 with my friends. And we have 58 together. For dinner I like an 59 and a tomato. After dinner I always have ice cream for 60 .( )51. A. a B. an C. one D. all( )52. A. Meal B. Dinner C. Brunch D. Supper( )53. A. have B. has C. eats D. likes( )54. A. am B. like C. has D. do( )55. A. a B. any C. some D. an( )56. A. one B. it C. them D. ones ( )57. A. play B. bring C. eat D. /get( )58. A. lunch B. breakfast C. dinner D. meal( )59. A. egg B. broccoli C. salad D. soup( )60. A. meal B. dessert C. drink D. funBIm JohnMy father is a factory managerHe comes from AmericaMy mother is a teacherShes EnglishShe can speak some ChineseShe is an English teacher at schoo1Im a student in my mothers schoo1At school I can play with my Chinese friendsWe can play football，basketball and table tennisMy mother can play the piano and tennisShe can also (也)sing well( )76Johns father is Ain a school Bin a factory C. in a hotel D. in a hospital( )77Johns mother is from AAmerica BChina CEngland DJapan( )78John can Asing Bplay the piano Cplay tennis Dplay table tennis( )79Johns mother can Aplay football and sing Bplay basketball and the pianoCplay tennis and table tennis Dplay the piano and sing( )80 can speak some Chinese AJohn BJohns mother CJohns father DJohns friendsCEveryone (人人)needs to be healthy. Do you eat healthy food every day? Its important (重要)for your health. You need fruit, like oranges, apples and bananas. “ An apple a day can keep away（避开） the doctor (医生).” You also need vegetables, like carrots and broccoli. Fruit and vegetables are good for our health. But dont eat lots of chocolate. Its not good healthy food. What about dessert? Dont eat lots of dessert because its not good for your health. Many people eat lots of chocolate and dessert, so they are unhealthy. Sports can also keep you healthy. Play sports every day. Dont be lazy. You can be healthy.( )81. What are healthy food?A. Fruit and vegetables. B. Bananas, apples and chocolate. C. Fruit and dessert. D. Vegetables and dessert. ( )82. What keeps you healthy?A. Food. B. Sports. C. Healthy food. D. Healthy food and sports. ( )83. 文中划线句子“ An apple a day can keep away the doctor”的意思是_. A. The doctor doesnt like an apple. B. You dont need a doctor.C. You bring an apple to the doctor and he runs away（跑