2015-2013年单项填空分类汇总（最详解析、最精排版、零错误）.doc

温馨提示： 此题库为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，关闭Word文档返回原板块。 2015年- 2 -一、名词- 2 -二、主谓一致- 4 -三、冠词- 5 -四、代词- 6 -五、介词和介词短语- 8 -六、形容词、副词和倍数表达法- 11 -七、动词和动词短语- 14 -八、情态动词- 19 -九、虚拟语气- 20 -十、动词的时态和语态- 23 -十一、非谓语动词- 30 -十二、名词性从句- 35 -十三、定语从句- 38 -十四、连词和状语从句- 42 -十五、省略- 46 -十六、倒装- 47 -十七、强调及其他- 48 -十八、情景交际- 48 -2014年- 53 -一、名词- 53 -二、主谓一致- 55 -三、冠词- 56 -四、代词- 57 -五、介词和介词短语- 59 -六、形容词、副词和倍数表达法- 64 -七、动词和动词短语- 68 -八、情态动词- 75 -九、虚拟语气- 77 -十、动词的时态和语态- 80 -十一、非谓语动词- 86 -十二、名词性从句- 94 -十三、定语从句- 99 -十四、连词和状语从句- 103 -十五、省略- 106 -十六、倒装- 107 -十七、强调及其他- 108 -十八、情景交际- 110 -2013年- 116 -一、名词- 116 -二、主谓一致- 118 -三、冠词- 119 -四、代词- 122 -五、介词- 125 -六、形容词- 128 -七、副词- 131 -八、动词和动词短语- 133 -九、情态动词- 139 -十、虚拟语气- 143 -十一、时态- 145 -十二、语态- 153 -十三、非谓语动词- 154 -十四、名词性从句- 162 -十五、定语从句- 165 -十六、连词和状语从句- 170 -十七、省略- 175 -十八、倒装- 176 -十九、强调- 178 -二十、情景交际- 179 -2015年考点1 单项填空一、名词 1. (2015安徽卷30)There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it someand then let me know.A.thoughtB.supportC.protectionD.authority【解析】选A。考查名词。句意:你不必现在告诉我你的答案。想一想,然后再告诉我。give it some thought想一想。thought思考,想;support支持;protection保护;authority权威,权力。2. (2015福建卷24)The failure was a bigto him,but he wasnt discouraged and soon got as enthusiastic as ever.A.blow B.issue C.excuse D.factor【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:这次失败对他来说是一个很大的打击,但是他没有灰心并很快像以前一样满腔热忱。blow打击;issue问题;excuse借口;factor因素。结合句意,可知选A。3. (2015江苏卷32)Some schools will have to makein agreement with the national soccer reform.A.judgmentsB.adjustmentsC.commentsD.achievements【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:很多学校将做出调整以和国家足球改革保持一致。adjustment调整,符合句意。judgment判断;comment评论;achievement成就。4. (2015江苏卷35)Go and say sorry to your Mom,Dave.Id like to,but Im afraid she wont be happy with my.A.requestsB.excusesC.apologiesD.regrets【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:戴夫,去和你妈妈说对不起。我想去,但恐怕她会对我的道歉不高兴。由上句中的sorry可知应选用apology道歉。5. (2015浙江卷15)One of the most effective ways to reduceis to talk about feelings with someone you trust.A.productionB.stressC.energyD.power【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。句意:减轻压力最有效的方法之一就是跟你信任的人谈谈你的情感。production生产,产量;stress压力;energy能量;power力量,权力。根据句意可知B正确。6. (2015湖北卷21)When he was running after his brother,the boy lost hisand had a bad fall.A.balanceB.chanceC.memoryD.place【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。句意:当这个男孩追赶他哥哥的时候失去平衡狠狠地摔倒了。lose ones balance失去平衡,符合题意。chance机会;memory记忆;place地方。7. (2015湖北卷22)He gave himself a new name to hide hiswhen he went to carry out the secret task.A.emotionB.talent C.identityD.treasure【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。句意:当他去执行这项秘密任务时给了自己一个新名字来掩藏身份。identity身份,符合题意。emotion情绪;talent天分;treasure财富。二、主谓一致(2015湖南卷27)It is important to remember that successa sum of small efforts made each day and oftenyears to achieve.A.is;takesB.are;takesC.are;takeD.is;take【解析】选A。考查主谓一致。句意:重要的是(我们)必须铭记成功是由每天点点滴滴的努力而且要花很多年才能获得的。分析句子结构得知宾语从句的主语是success,and连接两个并列谓语,都要用单数形式。三、冠词1. (2015浙江卷2)Janes grandmother had wanted to writechildrens book for many years,but one thing or another always got inway.A.a;不填B.the;theC.不填;theD.a;the【解析】选D。考查冠词用法。句意:简的祖母多年来一直想写一本儿童书,但是总是有种种原因耽搁了。childrens book的中心词是book,是可数名词单数,前面要用不定冠词a;get in the way妨碍,挡道。2. (2015陕西卷14)more learned a man is,more modest he usually becomes.A.The;theB.A;a C.The;a D.A;the【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:一个人越是博学,他往往变得越是谦虚。“the more.,the more.”译为“越,越”,故选A。3. (2015四川卷5)Brian is gifted in writing music;he is very likely to beBeethoven.A.aB.anC.theD.不填【解析】选A。考查冠词。句意:布赖恩有作曲天赋,他很有可能成为一个贝多芬式的人物。不定冠词用在人名前,表示“像那样的人”。【易错误区】零冠词还是a(1)误导原因:在人名等专有名词前一般不加冠词。(2)去伪存真:表示“像那样的人”时前面要加不定冠词。4. (2015重庆卷3)I just heardbank where Dora works was robbed bygunman wearing a mask.A.the;/B.a;/C.the;aD.a;the【解析】选C。考查冠词。句意:我刚听说多拉工作的银行被一个戴面具的持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空特指“多拉工作的那家银行”;第二空为泛指,表示“一个戴面具的持枪歹徒”。四、代词1. (2015福建卷21)The research group produced two reports based on the survey,butcontained any useful suggestions.A.all B.none C.either D.neither【解析】选D。考查代词辨析。句意:研究小组在调查的基础上出具了两份报告,但是没一份含有有用的建议。all和none作代词时,指三者或三者以上的数量,all表示肯定“全部,都”,none表示否定“没有一个”;either或neither则指代两者,either表示肯定,意为“两者之中任何一个”;neither表示否定,意为“两者都不”。由two reports和连词but可知应用表示否定意义的neither。2. (2015浙江卷12)How would you likeif you were watching your favorite TV program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?A.them B.one C.those D.it【解析】选D。考查代词的用法。句意:如果你正在看你最喜欢的电视节目,有人走进房间,不征求你的意见就把电视关掉,你会怎么想?表示喜好的动词(如like,dislike,hate,appreciate等)后面有从句时,不能直接跟从句,需要用it作宾语,然后再接从句。3. (2015天津卷2)The quality of education in this small school is better thanin some larger schools.A.thatB.oneC.itD.this【解析】选A。考查代词辨析。句意:这所小学校的教学质量要比一些大学校的教学质量好。that可以指代可数名词单数,表特指,也可指代不可数名词;one指代可数名词单数,表示泛指;it指代同名同物;this指代上文提到的事物。the quality of education不可数,故选A。【易错误区】that/one/it指代不清(1)误导原因:学生搞不清楚三者的指代对象以及是特指还是泛指(2)去伪存真:that指代可数名词单数,表特指相当于the one,也可指代不可数名词;one指代可数名词单数,表泛指;it指代同名同物。4. (2015陕西卷13)To warm himself,the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against.A.anotherB.the otherC.otherD.either【解析】选B。考查代词。句意:为了取暖,这个水手坐在火堆旁,一只光脚摩擦另一只。another另一个,用于三者或者三者以上;the other另一个,用于两者;other其他的;either任何一个,也。脚是两只,故选B。5. (2015四川卷10)Niki is always full of ideas,butis useful to my knowledge.A.nothingB.no oneC.neitherD.none【解析】选D。考查代词。句意:妮基总有很多点子,但在我看来,没有一个是有用的。none表示一个也没有(三个或三个以上)。nothing没有东西,没有事情;no one相当于nobody“没有人”;neither两者都不。6. (2015重庆卷2)The meeting will be held in September,butknows the date for sure.A.everybodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.somebody【解析】选B。考查不定代词。句意:会议将于9月举行,但没有人知道确切日期。根据关键词but可知,此处为转折关系,故选B。五、介词和介词短语1. (2015安徽卷33)They believe that there are transport developmentsthat will bring a lot of changes for the better.A.out of date B.out of orderC.around the clockD.around the corner【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:他们认为即将带来许多改善的交通运输发展就要到来了。题干中第二个that从句作transport developments的定语。out of date过时;out of order混乱,出故障;around the clock全天候;around the corner就要到来。2. (2015福建卷22)A common memory they all havetheir school days is the school uniform.A.of B.on C.to D.with【解析】选A。考查介词用法。句意:对于他们的上学的那些日子,他们都共同记得的是他们的校服。句中they all have作a common memory的定语,结合句意可知空格用介词of构成词组“a common memory of their school days”。3. (2015福建卷32)Human life is regarded as part of nature and,as such,the only way for us to survive is to livenature.A.in view of B.in need ofC.in touch with D.in harmony with【解析】选D。考查介词短语。句意:人类生命被认为是自然的一部分,同样,我们生存的唯一方式就是与自然和谐相处。in harmony with与和谐相处,符合题意;in view of鉴于;in need of需要;in touch with与有联系。4. (2015江苏卷34)Many of the things we now benefit from would not be aroundThomas Edison.A.thanks toB.regardless ofC.aside fromD.but for【解析】选D。考查介词短语辨析。句意:要不是有托马斯爱迪生的话,我们就没有许多现在我们从中获益的事物。but for要不是,符合语境。thanks to多亏;regardless of不管;aside from除之外。5. (2015浙江卷3)Have you ever heard of the trees that are homesanimals both on land and sea?A.about B.to C.with D.over【解析】选B。考查介词用法。句意:你听说过这样的树吗?它们既是陆地上动物的栖息地,又是海洋动物的栖息地。be homes to是的所在地/栖息地,是的家。6. (2015浙江卷10)Most people work because its unavoidable.,there are some people who actually enjoy work.A.As a result B.In additionC.By contrast D.In conclusion【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。句意:大多数人工作是因为工作是不可避免的。相反,有些人的确很喜欢工作。as a result结果;in addition另外,此外;by contrast相反,相比之下;in conclusion总之。根据句意可知前后两句之间是对比关系。【易错误区】by contrast还是in addition(1)误导原因:这两个短语虽然意思不同,但把in addition放到空格处乍一看句意似乎也通顺。(2)去伪存真:通读整个题干就会发现,前后两句在意义上是相反的,是一种对比关系,所以应该选by contrast。7. (2015浙江卷17)These comments camespecific questions often asked by local newsmen.A.in memory of B.in response toC.in touch with D.in possession of【解析】选B。考查介词短语辨析。句意:这些评论是对当地新闻记者时常提出的各种具体问题的回答。in memory of为纪念;in response to响应,回答;in touch with同有联系,和有接触;in possession of拥有。由句意可知此处指“对这些问题的回答”。8. (2015湖北卷30)This meeting room is a non-smoking area.I would like to warn youthat if you smoked here you would be fined.A.in advance B.in detailC.in total D.in general【解析】选A。考查介词短语辨析。句意:这个会议室是一个无烟区。我想事先提醒你如果你在这里吸烟就会被罚款。in advance提前,事先,符合题意;in detail详细地;in total总共;in general一般来说。9. (2015陕西卷12)The little pupil took his grandmathe arm and walked her across the street.A.onB.byC.in D.at【解析】选B。考查介词。句意:这个小学生挽着他奶奶的胳膊,扶她过了马路。take sb.by the arm固定搭配,译为“挽(抓)着某人的胳膊”,故选B。10. (2015重庆卷10)Last year was the warmest year on record,with global temperature 0.68the average.A.below B.on C.at D.above【解析】选D。考查介词。句意:去年是有记录以来最温暖的一年,全球的气温比平均高0.68摄氏度。above the average超过一般水平,在平均数以上。六、形容词、副词和倍数表达法1. (2015安徽卷26)Im soto all those volunteers because they helped my terrible day end happily.A.specialB.superiorC.gratefulD.attractive【解析】选C。考查形容词。句意:我对所有的那些志愿者是如此感激,因为他们帮助我愉快地结束了我那糟糕的日子。special特别的,专门的;superior超级的;grateful感激的;attractive吸引人的。结合句意,选C。2. (2015安徽卷31)They gave money to the old peoples home eitheror through their companies.A.legally B.sincerelyC.personally D.deliberately【解析】选C。考查副词。句意:他们要么是以个人名义要么是通过他们的公司向这家养老院捐了钱。根据句中表示并列关系的短语“either.or.”,可知空格处也表示“以某种途径”。legally合法地;sincerely真诚地;personally本人,亲自;deliberately故意地。3. (2015福建卷23)It wasof Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.A.careless B.considerate C.patient D.generous【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:Michael很体贴,他通知了我们他耽搁了以免我们感到担心。it was considerate of sb.to do sth.某人做某事很体贴。4. (2015江苏卷31)The police officers decided to conduct a thorough andreview of the case.A.comprehensive B.complicatedC.conscious D.crucial【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。句意:警察决定对这起案件进行彻底全面的审查。comprehensive全面的,符合句意。complicated复杂的;conscious有意识的;crucial关键性的。5. (2015浙江卷13)Most of us,if we know even a little about where our food comes from,understand that every bite put into our mouths wasalive.A.steadilyB.instantlyC.formerlyD.permanently【解析】选C。考查副词辨析。句意:我们中的大多数人,哪怕知道一点儿食物来自哪里,都会懂得放进嘴里的每一口食物以前都是有生命的。steadily稳定地;instantly立刻,马上;formerly以前,原来;permanently永久地,长期地。根据句意可知C正确。6. (2015浙江卷14)Listening is thus an active,not a,behavior consisting of hearing,understanding and remembering.A.considerate B.sensitiveC.reliable D.passive【解析】选D。考查形容词辨析。句意:如此说来,听是一种积极的行为,而不是消极的行为。它是由听、理解和记忆组成的。considerate考虑周到的,体谅的;sensitive敏感的;reliable可靠的;passive消极的。根据句意可知D正确。7.(2015湖北卷27)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment,he has to hurry a little if he wants to be.A.accurateB.punctualC.efficientD.reasonable【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。句意:即使会议大厅在他公寓附近,如果他想准时也必须快点。punctual准时的,符合题意。accurate精确的;efficient效率高的;reasonable合理的。8. (2015湖北卷28)I dont think what he said isto the topic we are discussing.He has missed the point.A.faithful B.parallel C.relevant D.similar【解析】选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我觉得他说的和我们正在讨论的话题不相关。他已经跑题了。be relevant to和相关,符合题意。faithful忠诚的;parallel平行的;similar相似的。【易错误区】relevant还是similar(1)误导原因:我们学过固定短语be similar to和相似。(2)去伪存真:能和to搭配的形容词有很多,根据句意“他已经跑题了”可知应用be relevant to与相关。9. (2015湖北卷29)The girl used to be shy,but isgetting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.A.gradually B.usuallyC.previously D.merely【解析】选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意:这个女孩过去很害羞。但是渐渐地在团队中变得积极并且更愿意表达她自己了。gradually逐渐地,符合题意。usually通常地;previously以前地;merely仅仅。10. (2015四川卷7)Andy is content with the toy.It ishe has ever got.A.a betterB.the betterC.a best D.the best【解析】选D。考查最高级。句意:安迪对这个玩具很满意,这是他得到的最好的(玩具)。根据语境可知,在他得到的所有玩具中这个是最好的,最高级前要用the。七、动词和动词短语1. (2015安徽卷22)If you come to visit China,you willa culture of amazing depth and variety.A.develop B.createC.substitute D.experience【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。句意:如果你来参观中国,你将会体验到一种令人惊奇的深奥并且多样的文化。develop发展;create创造;substitute替代;experience体验。结合句意,选D。2. (2015福建卷25)It is said that body language55 per cent of a first impression while what you say just 7 per cent.A.lies in B.accounts forC.consists of D.goes with【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:据说身势语在给人的第一印象中占百分之五十五的比例而说的话语仅占百分之七。lie in位于,在于;account for占的比例;consist of由组成;go with与相匹配。结合句意,可知选B。3. (2015江苏卷22)Schools should be lively places where individuals are encouraged toto their greatest potential.A.accelerate B.improveC.perform D.develop【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:学校应该是鼓励个体最大限度地发展自己潜力的地方。develop发展,符合句意。accelerate加速;improve提高;perform表现。4. (2015江苏卷27)The university started some new language programs tothe countrys Silk Road Economic Belt.A.apply toB.cater forC.appeal toD.hunt for【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:大学开设了一些新的语言项目,这是为了迎合国家的丝绸之路经济带的建设。cater for迎合,符合句意。apply to申请,应用;appeal to吸引;hunt for搜索。5. (2015江苏卷29)The whole teamCristiano Ronaldo,and he seldom lets them down.A.wait onB.focus onC.count onD.call on【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:这个队伍都指望C罗,他很少让他们失望。count on指望,依靠,符合句意。focus on集中;call on号召;wait on服侍。6. (2015浙江卷5)Studies have shown that the right and left earsound differently.A.produceB.pronounce C.process D.download【解析】选C。考查动词辨析。句意:研究表明右耳朵和左耳朵对声音的处理是不同的。produce生产,制造;pronounce发音;process加工,处理;download下载。声音不是耳朵发出的,而是经过耳朵的处理、传输进入大脑,所以A、B、D三项都不正确,故选C。7. (2015浙江卷7)Body language cana lot about your mood,so standing with your arms folded can send out a signal that you are being defensive.A.take away B.throw awayC.put away D.give away【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:肢体语言会暴露出你的很多情绪,所以双手交叉抱在胸前传递出的信号是你在自卫。take away带走,拿走;throw away扔掉;put away把收起来放好;give away泄露;分发;出卖。根据句意选D。8. (2015浙江卷11)We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses orour emotions than for straight facts.A.block off B.appeal toC.subscribe to D.come across【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意:和直接的事实相比,我们对让能我们的感官兴奋或吸引我们情感的事情记得更清楚。block off阻挡,封堵;appeal to吸引,呼吁;subscribe to赞同,订阅;come across偶然遇到。根据句意选B。9. (2015浙江卷16)If steel is heavier than water,why are ships able toon the sea?A.float B.drown C.shrink D.split【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。句意:如果钢比水重,为什么轮船能漂浮在海上呢?float漂浮;drown淹没,淹死;shrink收缩;split分裂,离开。根据句意选A。10. (2015天津卷10)Tom had tothe invitation to the party last weekend because he was too busy.A.turn in B.turn downC.turn overD.turn to【解析】选B。考查短语辨析。句意:汤姆不得不拒绝上周末的晚会邀请,因为他太忙了。turn in上交;turn down拒绝,调小;turn over移交,翻转;turn to转向。根据句意选B。11. (2015天津卷11)If you have any doubts about your health,youd betteryour doctor at once.A.convinceB.consultC.avoid D.affect【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:如果对你的健康有任何疑问,你最好立刻咨询你的医生。convince说服,使信服;consult咨询,商量;avoid避免;affect影响。根据句意选B。12. (2015天津卷14)See,your computer has broken down again!It doesntsense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.A.have B.make C.display D.bring【解析】选B。考查动词短语搭配。句意:看,你的电脑又出故障了!为了节省一点钱而买最便宜的电脑是行不通的。make sense有意义,行得通,固定短语。13.(2015湖北卷23)The team are working hard tothe problem so that they can find the best solution.A.faceB.preventC.raiseD.analyze【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。句意:这个小组正在努力分析这个问题以便能找到最好的解决办法。analyze分析,符合题意。face面对;prevent预防;raise举起。 14.(2015湖北卷24)In order not to be heard,she pointed her finger upwards tothat someone was moving about upstairs.A.whisperB.signal C.declareD.complain【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。句意:为了不被听到,她手指向上示意有人正在上楼。signal用动作(手势)示意,符合题意。whisper低声耳语;declare宣告;complain抱怨。【易错误区】signal还是whisper(1)误导原因:手指向上这样的身势语容易误导学生认为是要避免出声而选择whisper。(2)去伪存真:此处是手指向上示意有人正在上楼,signal有示意的含义,故用signal合适。15.(2015湖北卷25)There is no doubt that this candidates advantagehis ability to communicate with foreigners in English.A.leaves out B.goes against C.lies in D.makes up【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意:毫无疑问这位候选人的优势在于他用英语与外国人交流的能力。lie in在于,符合题意。leave out省去,删去;go against违背;make up组成,化妆。16.(2015湖北卷26)Dont worry.Im sure your missing glasses willsooner or later.A.stand outB.break upC.get outD.turn up【解析】选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意:不要担心。我确信你丢失的眼镜迟早会出现。turn up出现,露面,符合题意。stand out突出,显眼;break up打碎,分裂;get out出去。17. (2015陕西卷25)Peter willhis post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month.A.take upB.put up C.add upD.break up【解析】选A。考查短语辨析。句意:在下个月月末,彼得将会担任旅行社的负责人。take up从事,占据,举起,接着;put up搭建,张贴,举起,提出;add up加起来;break up分解,关系破裂。根据句意选A。八、情态动词1. (2015北京卷29)Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I reallygo now. My daughter is home alone.A.mayB.canC.mustD.dare【解析】选C。考查情态动词。句意:你就不能多待会儿吗?天晚了,我现在必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家呢。may“可能,可以”;can“能够,可以”;must“必须”,口气不容置疑;dare“敢,敢于”。2. (2015福建卷27)Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.Oh,its too bad.Youhave made full preparations.A.must B.can C.would D.should【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意:对不起,妈妈!我这次面试又没过。哦,真是太糟糕了。你本该做好充分准备的。should have done本该做某事而实际上未做。此处表示责备口吻。3. (2015浙江卷4)It was so noisy that wehear ourselves speak.A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustnt D.neednt【解析】选A。考查情态动词。句意:(环境)这么嘈杂,以至于我们都听不到自己说的话。couldnt不能,不会;shouldnt不应该;mustnt不许,不可以;neednt不需要。根据句意可知A正确。4. (2015陕西卷21)Youfeel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A.should B.need C.shall D.may【解析】选D。考查情态动词。句意:你或许觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间,但是我百分之百确信,你以后会感激自己做过的一切。should应该;need需要;shall将会;may或许,可能。5. (2015四川卷2)Yoube careful with the camera.It costs!A.mustB.mayC.canD.will【解析】选A。考查情态动词。句意:你必须小心使用这台照相机,它很贵的。根据语境可知,这里表示“命令和要求”,故要用must。6. (2015重庆卷12)Yoube Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.A.mustB