Reading(1)：Twolife-savingmedicines

Reading Unit 2 Two life-saving medicines Name_I: Difficult language points:1.focus on sth/ doing sth2. start revolutions in sth 开始/启动 的革命3. open up 打开，开发4. It is _ (like) that you will find aspirin in any cupboard.5. Both the medicines _ (prove) useful since they were invented.6. The medicines prove _ (benefit) to mankind .7. in nature get close to nature8. Nearly 3500 years ago, people chewed on leaves or drank a kind of tea made from leaves _ (possess) a special chemical to reduce body pain and fever. 1)chew 细嚼 chew the apple chew on 咀嚼食物，细想 We should _what our teacher said yesterday. Rice should _ carefully. 2) made from =which was made from 3）possess vt. 拥有，具有 have, own The province possesses rich mineral resources. possession n 拥有，拥有物 ， 财产 They have two valuable _.9. It was in 1897 _ _ European chemist produced aspirin from a chemical. It is in this room _ they often hold parties.10. The first trials of this medicine_ (take) Hoffmann worked _ began distributing the medicine in power form _ physicians to use with patients. 1) trial n. 试验 e.g. The trials show that smoking will do harm to people. 2) take place 发生 vi 3) work for the company 4) distribute sth to/among sb 把 分配给5) 短语 in form/in the form of 意为“以形式”。如： Many people express their needs in the form of complaints. （vt. complain ）11. Not only aspirin has proved vital for reducing fever and helped stop pain, but there are also other things that aspirin can help with. (F20）vital adj. 极其重要的，必不可少的very important当它作表语并后接从句时，从句中的谓语要用“(should)+动词原形”的形式。如：It is vital that every piece of equipment (should) _(check) before the experiment.12.Lawrence introduced the idea in 1953 _ aspirin had the potential to reduce the risk of heart attacks, _ it helped the blood circulate better. have an idea that (idea, order, fact, message, word等后that引导的是同位语从句） I havent heard of the news that the students will go to Beijing . have the potential to do sth 有 做 的潜能 reduce the risk of sth/ doing sth Water can reduce the risk of _ (suffer) some diseases.13. In 1977, a study _ (carry) out in the USA showed that aspirin could prevent strokes. carry out 执行 ， 做 do, perform14. Another drug is penicillin, _ is considered by many people _ (be) one of the most important medicines. consider sth/ sb as/ to be 被认为是 John have considered _ (take) the job. We should take everything into _.15. In contemporary society 在当代社会16. He noted that a dish _ he was trying to grow bacteria for an experiment looked abnormal.bacterium（单数） bacteria(复数）17. _ astonished him to see the bacteria _(surround) the mould dead. It: 形式主语 see sth dead surrounding: which surrounded18. Fleming tried this mould out on another bacterium and found that it killed the bacterium too. try something out on 意思是“在上试验某物”。如： The drug has not been tried out on humans yet. Medicines should _(try) out on animals first.19. have an application in doing sth apply to sb/ sp 向 申请 apply for sth 申请得到/获得 apply in 应用于= have an application in20. He named the liquid _ (make) from the mould penicillin. name sth sth21. Make sth pure : purify sth22. Work as : act as , function as 充当， 做 用23. in the ample quantities/ in large quantities 大量地24. Second, it was difficult to produce penicillin in the ample quantities needed to be effective.effective adj. 有效的；实际的，事实上的；生效的 e.g. Simple antibiotics are effective against this organism. 一般的抗生素能够有效对抗这种微生物。 They have had effective control of the area since the security forces left.25. mass production : producing on a large scale / in large quantities 批量生产26. If penicillin had not been available, many people _ (die) from sickness or small wounds during the war. = _ penicillin _ _ available, many people would have died from sickness.27. In 1945, the three scientists shared the Nobel Prize _ Medicine _ their excellent work.II: Fill in the blanks.Not only has aspirin proved 1._ (vitally) for reducing fever and helping stop pain, 2._ there are also other things that aspirin can help 3. _. Lawrence, 4._ doctor from the USA, introduced the idea in 1953 5._ aspirin had the potential 6. _ (reduce) the risk of heart attacks, because it helped the blood circulate better. The report 7._ (ignore). 8._, in 1971, Smith and Willis proved that aspirin could have that 9._ (effective), and later, it was shown that aspirin could reduce this risk of some cancers 10._ 40 per cent.III: Correct the mistakes:It was difficulty to produce penicillin on the ample quantities needing to be effective. In1940, two another scientists helped solve these problem, and managed make and test the new drug in large amounts. Since the new drug was needed for the World War II, the government approval process for penicillin was accelerated, and mass produce began in 1944. Due to the widespread use of penicillin, m