山西省长治市高考英语语法填空及阅读类一轮自选练习（8）.doc

2015山西长治市高考英语语法填空及阅读类一轮自选练习（8）及答案语法填空。阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。【辽宁卷题型】linda：hi, leath, youre from zimbabwe (津巴布韦). could you talk about that?leath: ok. well, im from harare，the capital of zim. i was born there. my folks are british. my dad is from manchester and my mom is from scotland._1_we say there, growing up in zimbabwe was “lacker”_2_means really cool in africans. it was like you growing up in an open place_3_ animals and sunshine. today its not doing too well because the economy is crashed，_4_growing up there is really good.linda：wow! what animals could you see?leath：ah, just about_5_hours drive out of any city, you are likely_6_(come) across anything. ive seen leopards often at night. you could see monkeys along the road. in certain areas youll have to stop for elephants. there are some_7_(warn) signs they are actually quite dangerous at night. so, theres buck everywhere. and then away_8_residential areas, you can see rhinos (犀牛) and lions. they are never around human_9_(settle) because they are very dangerous. they do take people_10_time to time.linda: wow ! thats fascinating. thanks, leath.leath: youre welcome!1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._答案：1as考查连词。此处的意思是“正如”，填as。2which/that考查定语从句的引导词。很明显，修饰的是lacker，来解释说明这个词的意思，因此用which/that。 3with考查介词。“成长的地方有动物和阳光”，with表示伴随的状态。4but考查连词。前面说经济不好，后面说在那里长大真的很好，显然是转折关系。5an考查冠词。“一小时的车程”，hour是元音音素开头，用an。6to come考查固定用法。be likely to do.作“可能会”讲。7warning考查非谓语动词。修饰后面的signs，只能用warning。8from考查介词。away from.作“远离，相距”讲。9settlement考查名词。settlement除了可以作“解决”讲，还可以作“定居点”讲。本句中指的是人类定居点。 10from考查固定搭配。from time to time作“不时，偶尔”讲。完型填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从以下题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。议论文型完形填空 the city that i live in is about to put cameras at all traffic lights to catch people who run red lights.it _1_ me of how many people ive seen who take the yellow light as a _2_ to go faster.i also cant understand why people dont move when the traffic light has turned green. above all, there are those _3_ situations in which someone doesnt even _4_ that the light turns red, and just keeps going.that is why so many _5_ happen! all these situations make me _6_ the purpose of traffic lights._7_， its even more frightening to imagine letting people make their own decisions at _8_ crossroads.do the biggest cars get to go first? who decides who goes next? so i guess i do like the idea of a system to _9_ traffic.and ill do my best to _10_ the traffic rules: to go, to be cautious, and to stop when im _11_ to.it occurs to me that my _12_ have done much the same for me _13_ teaching me how to live.they have given me many _14_ lights: to get along well with others, to listen and talk to them, to help others, and to _15_ with joy and purpose.they have also given me some red lights _16_ my life goes astray(误入歧途): not to be greedy, to keep my temper, and to control my desires.and there _17_ have been some yellow caution lights: to watch how much i drink, to keep control of my behaviour, and to_18_ school regularly and work hard.if i obey these rules, my life will be as _19_ as it can be.just as im wise to pay attention to the traffic lights when im walking across the street, im wise to pay attention to the“ _20_ signals” given to me by my parents.1a.suggests binformscreminds dwarns2a.sight bsignalcmessage dswitch3a.instant bexcitingcdangerous dcautious4a.notice bsensecremember dfeel5a.events bproblemscsituations daccidents6a.fond of bwonder aboutccare for dworry about7a.besides banywaycinstead dhowever8a.noisy bnarrowccrowded dkey9a.control bdirectcimprove dserve10a.learn bobeycprotect dcarry11a.supposed busedcdevoted ddelighted12a.teachers bfriendscleaders dparents13a.in charge of bin face ofcin terms of din danger of14a.safe bgreencbeneficial dhelpful15a.live bsharecwork dcommunicate16a.unless bwhencbefore dtill17a.still bevenconly dalso18a.start battendcleave dmiss19a.good bcolourfulcmeaningful dhealthy20a.traffic blightclife dconfidence (二)【要点综述】本文讨论了在目前的生活中，人们不严格按照交通信号灯的指示通行，由此作者想到了父母对自己的教导就如红绿灯一样，指引作者走向正确的人生之路。1c由城市将安装摄像头想到了很多人闯红灯的事情。remind sb of sth使某人想到某事。2b很多人把黄灯当作一个加速的信号。sight景象，眼界，见解；signal 信号； message消息；switch开关。3c由后文可知，行人闯红灯的情形是非常危险的。4a行人甚至没有注意到红灯亮了，就径直走过去。notice 注意；sense 感到；remember 记得；feel 感到。5d句意：那就是有那么多的交通事故发生的原因！accident事故；event 事件；problem问题；situation形势。6b所有的这些危险的情形使“我”想知道设置交通信号灯的目的。worry about 担心，担忧；wonder about 想知道；care for关心，喜欢。7d上文说到了一些不遵守交通灯指示造成的危险情况，下文说到更让“我”感到害怕的情况，故此处的连接词应选择however，用以强调后文。8c此处修饰十字路口，应选择crowded。noisy 吵闹的； narrow狭窄的； key关键的。9acontrol管理，控制。10b根据前一句可知，这里应指obey the traffic rules“遵守交通规则”。11a该停下的时候就停下。be supposed to理应； be used to习惯于；be devoted to致力于；be delighted to高兴(做)。12d通过本文最后一句可以看出是my parents，此处应选择parents。13c父母在教“我”做人方面对“我”的指导。in terms of在方面，就来说；in charge of 负责；in face of 面对；in danger of 面对的危险。14b通过后文可以看出，下面说的是可以做的事情，应理解为绿灯(green lights)。15a16c根据逻辑可知，要在孩子误入歧途前给予提醒。17d前面介绍了绿灯和红灯，下面应介绍黄灯的情况。also也。18battend school上学。19a此处用good是相对于前文“误入歧途”而言，因此不能选择b、c项。20c升华主题，由道路的信号灯联想到人生的信号灯。阅读理解。below is a selection from a popular science book.if blood is red，why are veins(静脉) blue?actually，veins are not blue at all.they are more of a clear，yellowish colour.although blood looks red when its outside the body，when its sitting in a vein near the surface of the skin，its more of a dark reddish purple colour.at the right depth，these bloodfilled veins reflect less red light than the surrounding skin，making them look blue by comparison.which works harder，your heart or your brain?that kind of depends on whether youre busy thinking or busy exercising.your heart works up to three times harder during exercise，and shifts enough blood over a lifetime to fill a supertanker.but，in the long run，your brain probably tips it，because even when youre sitting still your brain is using twice as much energy as your heart，and it takes four to five times as much blood to feed it.why do teeth fall out，and why dont they grow back in grownups?baby (or “milk”) teeth do not last long；they fall out to make room for bigger，stronger adult teeth later on.adult teeth fall out when they become damaged，decayed and infected by bacteria.once this second set of teeth has grown in，youre done.when theyre gone，theyre gone.this is because nature figures youre set for life，and what controls regrowth of your teeth switches off.do old people shrink as they age?yes and no.many people do get shorter as they age.but，when they do，it isnt because theyre shrinking all over.they simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)many (but not all) men and women do lose height as they get older.men lose an average of 34 cm in height as they age，while women may lose 5 cm or more.if you live to be 200 years old，would you keep shrinking till you were，like 60 cm tall，like a little boy again？no，because old people dont really shrink！it is not that they are growing backwardstheir legs，arms and backbones getting shorter.when they do get shorter，its because the spine has shortened a little.or，more often，become more bent and curved.why does spinning make you dizzy(眩晕的)?because your brain gets confused between what youre seeing and what youre feeling.the brain senses that youre spinning using special gravityandmotionsensing organs in your inner ear，which work together with your eyes to keep your vision and balance stable.but，when you suddenly stop spinning the system goes out of control，and your brain thinks youre moving while youre not!where do feelings and emotions come from?mostly from an ancient part of the brain called the limbic system.all mammals have this brain areafrom mice to dogs，cats，and humans.so all mammals feel basic emotions like fear，pain and pleasure.but since human feelings also involve other，newer bits of the brain，we feel more complex emotions than any other animal on the planet.if exercise wears you out，how can it be good for you?because our bodies adapt to everything we do to them.and as far as your body is concerned，its “use it，or lose it”！its not that exercise makes you healthy；its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.1what is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?ablue. blight yellow.cred. ddark reddish purple.解析细节理解题。根据第一个标题下的“.its more of a dark reddish purple colour.”可知答案。答案d2why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?abecause their spine is in active use.bbecause they are more easily affected by gravity.cbecause they keep growing backwards.dbecause their spine becomes more bent.解析细节理解题。根据第四个标题下的“they simply lose height as their spine(脊柱) becomes shorter and more curved due to disuse and the effects of gravity(重力)”可知，老年人变矮是因为脊柱收缩和弯曲造成的。答案d3which of the following statements about our brain is true?ain the long run，our brain probably works harder than our heart.bwhen our brain senses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.cthe brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.dour feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.解析细节理解题。根据第二个标题下的第三句“but，in the long run，your brain.”可知答案为a项。此题最易误选b项，根据第五个标题下的最后一句可知，眩晕是由于 “你已经不动了，而你的大脑认为你还在动”的错觉引起的。答案a4what is the main purpose of the selection?ato give advice on how to stay healthy.bto provide information about our body.cto challenge new findings in medical research.dto report the latest discoveries in medical science.解析写作意图题。考生易误选d项，但是在医学领域，概括失误。文章主要涉及我们身体的问题，包括身体的、情绪的等等。故选择b项较全面。答案b阅读理解【2014湛江市普通高考测试一】when you make a mistake，big or small，cherish it as its the most precious thing in the world.most of us feel bad when we make mistakes，beat ourselves up about it，feel like failures，and get mad at ourselves.and thats only natural：most of us have been taught from a young age that mistakes are bad，and we should try to avoid mistakes.weve been scolded when we make mistakesat home，school and work.maybe not always，but probably enough times to make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.yet without mistakes，we could not learn or grow.if you think about it that way，mistakes should be cherished and celebrated for being one of the most amazing things in the world：they make learning possible；they make growth and improvement possible.by trial and errortrying things，making mistakes，and learning from those mistakeswe have figured out how to make electric lights，to paint the ceiling of the sistine chapel，and to fly.mistakes make walking possible for the smallest toddler，make speech possible，and make works of genius possible.think about how we learn：we dont just consume information about something and instantly know it or know how to do it.you dont just read about painting，or writing，or computer programming，or baking，or playing the piano，and know how to do them fight away.instead，you get information about something，from reading or from another person or from observing usually.then you construct a model in your mind.then you test it out by trying it in the real world.then you make mistakes.then you revise the model based on the results of your real world experimentation.and repeat，making mistakes，learning from those mistakes，until youve pretty much learned how to do something.thats how we learn as babies and toddlers，and how we learn as adults.mistakes are how we learn to do something newbecause if you succeed in something，its probably something you already knew how to do.you havent really grown much from that successat most its the last step on your journey，not the whole journey.most of the journey is made up of mistakes，if its a good journey.so if you value learning，if you value growing and improving，then you should value mistakes.they are amazing things that make a world of brilliance possible.1why do most of us feel bad about making mistakes?abecause mistakes make us suffer a lot.bbecause its a natural part in our life.cbecause weve been taught so from a young age.dbecause mistakes have ruined many peoples careers.2according to the passage，what is the right attitude to mistakes?awe should try to avoid making mistakes.bwe should owe great inventions mainly to mistakes.cwe should treat mistakes as good chances to learn.dwe should make feeling bad about mistakes an unconscious reaction.3the underlined word “toddler” in paragra