广东省东莞市南开实验学校高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题（15）.doc

广东省东莞市南开实验学校2014高考英语阅读理解精英训练极品题（15）阅读理解advice to “sleep on it” could be well founded, scientists say. after a good nights sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier, although no evidence has proved this by now. but researchers at the university of luebek in germany have designed an experiment that shows a good nights sleep can improve insight(洞察力）and problem-solving. “if you have some newly acquired memories in your brain, sleep acts on these memories, restructures(重构）them, so that after sleep the insight into a problem which you could not solve before increases,” said dr. jan bom, a neuroscientist, at the university. to test the theory, they taught volunteers two simple rules to help them put a string of numbers into a new order. there was also a third, hidden rule, which could help them increase their speed in solving the problem. the researchers divided the volunteers into two groups, half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake. bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group. “sleep helped,” bom said in a telephone interview. “the important thing is that you have to have a memory representation in your brain of the problem you want to solve and then you sleep, so it can act on the problem.” but bom admitted that he and his team dont know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works. pierre marquette and pierre ruby of the university of liege in belgium said the experimental evidence supports the suggestions that sleep can promote creative thinking. although the role of sleep in human creativity will still be a mystery, the research gives people good reason to fully respect their periods of sleep, they added.36.the underlined phrase “sleep on it” in the first line probably means _.a.to put something aside to be solved until the next dayb.to get as much sleep as possiblec.to go on sleeping without being disturbedd.to sleep till you get up the next morning【答案】a【解析】词义猜测题。由“after a good nights sleep a problem that seemed impossible to solve the night before can often appear easier,”可知选a。37.jan bom and his team carried out the experiment through _a.comparisonb. interviewc. surveyd. imagination【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。由“the researchers divided the volunteers into two groups, half were allowed to sleep after the training while the remainders were forced to stay awake. bom and his team noticed that the group that had slept after the training were twice as likely to figure out the third rule as the other group.”可知他们是通过比较来开展的实验。故选a。38.it can be inferred from the passage that _.a.people should sleep so long as they have timeb.sleep is the only way to solve hard problemsc.people have various periods of sleepd.people know how sleep restructures memories【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。由“but bom admitted that he and his team dont know how restructuring of memories occurs or what governs it or in which stage of sleep it works.”可知人们有不同的睡眠阶段。故选c。39.what would be the best title for the passage?a.how sleep worksb. sleep helps solve problemsc.no evidence, but well foundedd. boms discovery on sleep【答案】b【解析】标题归纳题。40.where is the passage most likely to have been taken from?a.a science fiction.b. a book review.c.an advertisement.d. a newspaper.【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。本文主要讲的是科学家的一项新的发现，以及有关的实验。所以最可能出自报纸。故选d。阅读理解-社会文化类(2013合肥一中统考) more than half of rich americans have not shown their full wealth to their children，a new survey showed last tuesday. the survey，published by the bank of america, studied the rich with $3 million or more in assets.it found that “surprisingly few of those surveyed have welldeveloped plans to preserve and pass on their assets to their children”the majority of the 457 people surveyed are selfmade，firstgeneration rich.fiftytwo percent of parents have chosen not to tell their children just how wealthy they are，and 15 percent have given away nothing about the family wealth.one in three parents said they had never thought to do it. they are worried that their children would become lazy，spend money freely，make bad decisions and even become a target for gold diggers.only 34 percent strongly agreed that their children would be able to handle any inheritance(遗产)they plan to leave them.“there is an expectation about the wealthy parents that they have a responsibility to pass down their fortune to the next generation，”said sallie krawcheck，president of the global wealth and investment management of the bank of america.“our research，however，uncovered changing views of what one generation owes the next.”the trend is led by the worlds richest man bill gates，who promised in 2008 that he would leave his $58 billion fortune to the charity started by him and his wife，the bill and melinda gates foundation(基金会)，and not to his children.“we want to give it back to society in the way that it will have the most positive impact，”he said.of his plans for his children，gates said：“i will give the kids some money but not a meaningful percentage.they will need to work but they will feel reasonably taken care of.”【语篇解读】 调查表明，大部分美国富人不愿向孩子炫富，甚至不打算将丰厚的资产传给后代。9we can learn from the passage that _.arich parents may not know how to manage their inheritancebrich parents dont equal rich kids，at least in the uscamerican children dont get to inherit their parents wealthdpoor children dont expect themselves to be as rich as their parents解析推理判断题。第二段的后半部分提到在被调查的美国富人中，几乎没有人计划为他们的孩子保留资产或者将资产传给孩子，由此可推断在美国，父母富有并不意味着孩子富有。答案b10according to the survey，most rich americans _.athink they owe their children nothingbthink it best to give their money back to societycdoubt their childrens ability to handle wealthd. are confident of their childrens ability to handle wealth解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，大部分美国富人怀疑他们的孩子处理财富的能力。答案c11the underlined word“they”in paragraph 6 refers to _.aresponsible childrenbbill gates and his wifecfirstgeneration richdrich parents解析词义猜测题。富裕的父母们希望把他们的财富传给 下一代，此处they指代的是画线词前面的“the wealthy parents”，即“rich parents”。答案d12from the last paragraph，we can see that bill gates wants to show _.athe trend of leaving no inheritance to childrenbthe positive impact of charity on societycthe way of giving back to societydthe importance of independence for children解析推理判断题。根据本段中比尔盖茨所说的话可推知，他更强调孩子的个人奋斗，认为培养孩子的自立很重要。答案d阅读理解-新闻报道类(2013福建四地六校联考)the multimillion pound new library of birmingham (lob)will be the most visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life. set to open in 2013，the188m lob is already beginning to take shape next to the birmingham repertory theatre，with which it will share some equipment.as digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea，the project is already providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.brian gambles，the lob project director，says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“the aim is to mix the physical with the digital，providing 24hour services which can be used through many different ways.it is important to enable us to reach more people，more effectively.” the digital library will，he says，be as important as the physical one，allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public. even before the lob is complete，the public has been able to go online to visit the virtual(虚拟的)lob，designed by baden，the birmingham virtual worlds specialists.not only have the public been able to learn about the lob，but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the lob to understand the building and how it will work before it even opens. two other small birminghambased digital companies are also working on the lob projects.substrat，a digital design company，is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project.it is about the use of an exciting smart phone，an important part of the lob which is in the early stages of development.and the peoples archive is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in cahoots，in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.gambles says：“technology will enable us to make the librarys content and services open to citizens as never before”【语篇解读】 本文是一则新闻报道。即将落成的library of birmingham(lob)将是伯明翰市接受日常生活数字化的标志。13the underlined part“its idea”in paragraph 3 refers to the idea of _.athe equipment bthe projectcthe digital media dthe physical library解析词义猜测题。第三段中的“the project”指的是文章中出现的“the lob project”，结合画线部分的上下文语境可知此处讲的是数字媒体对这个项目很重要，所以b项正确。答案b14while visiting the virtual lob，the public can _.aget a general idea of the lobbmeet many worldfamous expertsclearn how to put up a library buildingdunderstand how the specialists work on the project解析细节理解题。根据第六段中的“not only have the public been able to learn about the lob.”可知，公众访问虚拟lob可了解lob的大体情况。答案a15which of the following is true of the lob when it opens?aa，b，d ba，c，e cb，c，d db，d，e解析推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知a、b两项正确，e项错误；根据倒数第二段的第二、三句可知c项错误；由倒数第二段的最后一句可知d项正确。故选a项。答案a16the text is most probably taken from _.aa computer book ba library guideca project handbook da newspaper report解析推理判断题。文章主要介绍了即将落成的library of birmingham(lob)的相关情况，最有可能是一则新闻报道。答案d阅读理解-dcommunity theatre is a theatre that is run by a local district with the efforts of volunteers. they offer many different kinds of productions, such as musical theatre, dance theatre and childrens theatre. usually, performers are amateurs who receive no pay, but at other times professionals get involved, and they are paid. community theatres of today are a little different ftom the old “little theatres”，as most are simply run by colleges and their theatre departments. community theatres are a great way to get involved with local actors. now, most theatres put on shows that will entertain or benefit the community.in the 1880s, “little theatre” was started in europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot. in 1910，this idea traveled to the united states. in the early years, community theatres were even funded by the government, but when shows became too political, government funding was stopped.community theatres of today are a little different from the old “little theatres”，as most simply want to infuse little culture into the lives of the local citizens. in many cases, these theatres are run by colleges and their theatre departments. these productions are often free of charge, or charge very little money to pay for costumes and other incidental expenses. many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical skills, as well as to keep them busy so that they do not choose to get into trouble. additionally, for those who desire strongly to become professional actors and to one day get a chance to act in a national theatre production, it is an exciting place to learn and develop theatrical skills.41.why was “little theatre” started in europe?a.to put on shows for children.b.to collect money for poor people.c.to entertain poor people.d.to get people interested in theatrical productions.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。由“little theatre”was started in europe so that poor people could see theatrical productions without having to travel far or pay a lot.”可知，是为了让穷人娱乐。故选c。42. from the passage we know that community theatres can _.a.help young people make more moneyb.prevent young people getting into troublec.help young people enter the collegesd.encourage young people to become more responsible【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。由“many also encourage the participation of children and other young people to let them develop theatrical s