m10unit1.doc

M10 Unit 1 Building the future 主备：陈华 2007-2-18Teaching Design教学设计Aims and requirements read an essay about food aid and development aid, and a feature story about sustainable development. listen to a conversation between a student and his grandfather about development discuss development and interview a government official write an essay about the development of your city or town prepare and present a report about how your city or town supports sustainable developmentProcedures Welcome to the unitStep 1 Brainstorming At the beginning of this period, lets watch a video. What can you learn from it?Step 2 Sharing information1. Work in groups of four and discuss the four pictures on page 1.Picture 1What is in the picture? (A lot of grains and a hand.)What can food aid do to help solve the problem of poverty? (Food aid can help feed people who have no food.) Do you think food aid is a short-term or a long-term solution to the problem of poverty?Why or why not? (Food aid is a short-term solution as it gives food immediately to people who are very hungry, but it does not allow them to grow their own food in the future.)Picture 2What is the man doing in the picture? (He is building something.)Why do you think he works so hard? (He works so hard because he might be poor and need the money.)Do you think training people to make a living is a short-term or long term solution to the problem of poverty? Why or why not? (Training people is a long-term solution to the problem of poverty. It allows them to make a living by themselves.)Picture 3What has happened to the village? (It has become a city. With the development of society, many villages have changed a lot over the years. Tall buildings have been built and motorways and bridges have been constructed. The living conditions of local people have been greatly improved. Small villages have been developed into towns or cities.)Do you prefer living in the city or in the country? Why?What problems may developing too fast cause? (Developing too fast might harm the natural environment. For example, many trees have been cut down in order to build factories, roads and bridges. Also, almost everything we do in our modern lives, be it cooking or traveling, requires the use of Earths natural resources, which we may run out of one day.) Picture 4What do you think the things are used for? (I think these machines are used to generate electricity by using wind power.)What might happen to the cold, oil and other natural resources in a thousand years? (The supplies of coal, oiland other natural resources might run out in a thousand years.)What is renewable energy? Can you suggest some good examples of energy for the future? (Renewable energy is energy that comes from a source that will not run out. Solar, wind and hydroelectric or water energy are all sources of renewable energy that could be used in the future.)2. Work in pairs and have a discussion about the questions below the pictures.Sample answers1 In my opinion, compared to the old city several years ago, my home town, Nanjing, is developing at a fast rate and is taking on a new look. As the capital city of east Chinas Jiangsu Province, Nanjing has experienced great changes. Many buildings and motorways have been built, polluted rivers have been cleaned, and more trees and flowers have been planted. With the continued development of the city, there is no doubt that it will develop into a modern, international city in twenty years time. 2 I do not think giving food and money to poor people will solve all their problems. Food aid is merely a short-term solution to a long term problem. Giving food and money will probably solve the immediate problem of hunger and food shortages, yet food has been eaten and the money has been used up. There are many causes of poverty. In order to solve the problem, we need to identify what causes poverty and then try to combat it.3 As I see it, development brings both opportunities and challenges. Without correct policies and strategies, it may be bad for a country. To begin with, it might do harm to our natural environment. For example, many trees have been cut down in order to build factories, roads bridges. Besides, natural resources may be used up for development.Step3: Discussion: Look at the following pictures and then have a discussion:Food has never before existed in such abundance, so why are 820 million people in developing countries going hungry?what causes poverty? How to solve the problem?For reference: the cause of hunger warsdiseasesnatural disasterslocal environmentwrong policies and strategiesgrowing populationlimited natural resourcessolution：stop wars give medical care and trainingimprove local environmentprovide educational trainingdonate food and moneydevelop renewable energyFor reference: the cause of hunger1 NATURENatural disasters such as floods, tropical storms and long periods of drought are on the increase with calamitous consequences for food security in poor, developing countries. 2. WARSince 1992, the proportion of short and long-term food crises that can be attributed to human causes has more than doubled, rising from 15 percent to more than 35 percent. All too often, these emergencies are triggered by conflict.In war, food sometimes becomes a weapon. Soldiers will starve opponents into submission by seizing or destroying food and livestock and systematically wrecking local markets. Fields and water wells are often mined or contaminated, forcing farmers to abandon their land. 3. POVERTY TRAPIn developing countries, farmers often cannot afford seed to plant the crops that would provide for their families. Craftsmen lack the means to pay for the tools to ply their trade. Others have no land or water or education to lay the foundations for a secure future. The poverty-stricken do not have enough money to buy or produce enough food for themselves and their families. In turn, they tend to be weaker and cannot produce enough to buy more food. In short, the poor are hungry and their hunger traps them in poverty.4. R-EXPLOITATION OF ENVIRONMENT Poor farming practices, deforestation, overcropping and overgrazing are exhausting the Earths fertility and spreading the roots of hunger. Increasingly, the worlds fertile farmland is under threat from erosion, salination and desertification.Step4: Homework:1. Read the article in Part A on page 102 in Workbook2. Prepare the Reading part.Reading Give a man a fishStep1: Lead-in Do you know the famous Irish musician Bob Geldof? Heres a video of a concert named We Are the World, which was organized by Bob in 1985. Do you want to know what was it hold for? After reading todays passage, youll get the answer. Step 2: Fast reading for general ideasGo through the passage as quickly as possible and try to find answers to the three questions in part A on page 2. Just focus on and identify the information needed to answer these questions. AnswersA 1 On 13 July 1985. 2 The World Food Programme. 3 More than one billion.Step 3: Detailed reading for important information1. Lets read the passage a second time and then complete Parts C1 and C2.AnswersC1 1 Because it raised 100 million for famine victims in Ethiopia and also raised public attention. It also put pressure on politicians to do something about the famine. 2 In 1963, the United Nations set up the World Food Programme aiming to reduce the problem of world hunger. A number of programmes have been organized and the WFP has helped more than one billion people around the world. 3 Because the poverty still exists after the food has been eaten up. 4 Things like transport, irrigation, electricity, postal service, telephones and schools are included. 5 Development aid together with food aid. 6 Because the future of developing countries lies in the hands of young people. 7 Because if you give a man a fish, you can only feed him for a day, but if you teach a man how to fish, you feed him for a lifetime. AnswersC2 1 Food for Work 2 Food for Life 3 Food for Growth2. Read the reading strategy and concentrate on the usual way to understand a title of an essay. After that ,complete the following chart.Main idea of the passageThe best solution to stopping poverty in developing countriesPart 1Paragraphs1&2 introduction of the theme-world hungerPart 2Paragraph 3some ways of dealing with hungerPart 3Paragraph 4the meaning of give a man a fishPart 4Paragraphs5&6alternate ways to fight world hungerPart 5Paragraph 7summery3. Read the text again and choose the best answers according to the text: What was the concert held by Geldof in 1985 for?A. Making him world-famous.B. Earning him large amount of money.C. Raising money for and public awareness of the famine.D. Draw attention around the world to the famine. Which of the following statements is true according to the text?A. Disease is the number one global health risk.B. The United Nations set up the Woeld Food Programme in 1963.C. The WFP has helped more than one billion people since it was set up, which is enough to help developing countries.D. What developing countries really need is the food aid. Whats the target of the Food-for-Growth programme? A. Sending emergency food aid to countries during times of crisis. B. Helping people most at risk, such as babies, pregnant women and the elderly. C. Helping unemployed people support themselves by giving them work and paying them in food aid. D. Helping the old.Keys:CBB4. Now, read the text again, and then finish Part D trying to comprehend the meanings of words from the context and match them with the correct definitions.AnswersD 1 d 2 e 3 c 4 f 5 i 6 a 7 b 8 h 9 g5. Try to give a speech about developing countries and the best ways to help them and then finish Part E.AnswersE (1) developing (2) malnutrition (3) solution (4) Food aid(5) long-term (6) hunger (7) crisis (8) unemployed(9) success (10) victoriesStep 5: Post-reading activities1. Pair work:Talk about the possible solutions to the problem of poverty in your own words.2. Group work: Discussion: What are the differences between food aid and development aid? Step 5: Language points:Vocabularywordscattle, politician, yearly, claim, global, elderly, switch, import, smoothly, homeless, conventional, firstly, secondly, thirdly, dignityuseful expressionslead to, take place, put pressure on., according to, on top of, at risk, without doubt, at a crossroads, fall behind, stopfrom doing, be dependent on, lie in sentence patterns1. In fact, hunger is the number one global health risk, killing mort people than any disease2. If these things develop, jobs will be created for people, allowing them to help themselves instead of being dependent on other people.3. There are hundreds of success stories like these from all over the developing world, showing that a lot is being done to fight poverty, but we Step6: Homework1. Read the text again and again. Try to memorize the language points.2. Parts A1 and A2 on page 98 in Workbook.Word powerStep1: Brainstorming Look at these pictures. Theyre people from different industries. Could you name the industry for each person?Step 2: Vocabulary learning1. Please read Part A, and answer the following questions: How many industries are mentioned in the passage?Which industry do you think develops fastest?Which industry will you enter when you grow up?2. Please focus on Part B on Page 6, consolidate what you learnt about different industries AnswersB 1 catering 2 publishing 3 IT 4 tourism 5 fashion 6 construction3. Pair work: Give a description of your ideal future jobs and sort out the industry you might work in. After that, fill the following chart.IndustrydescriptionOccupationConstruction industryincluding people working on building sites and producing building materialsengineerCatering industryreferring to all businesses involving food and drinkswaiter/waitress; cook/chefPublishing industryinvolving businesses providing printed and online materialseditor; writerFashion industryincluding people working with clothes, from designing to making and even modeling themdesigner; modelInformation technologyone of the fastest growing of all industries programmerTourism industryrelated to travel agencies and places of historical interesttour guideStep3: Vocabulary extension1. Look at the following words and find out what each group has in common:fearful frightful terrible awesome awful dire huge tremendous enormous gigantic immensebrilliant splendid wonderfulA synonym is a word or an expression that has the same meaning or neatly the same meaning as another word or expression. Id like you to give more groups of synonym.2. Read Part A on Page 7 and finish Part B.AnswersB 1 promote 2 grew 3 design 4 develop 5 evolve 6 improve3.Reading: 418words 6The poverty line is the minimum income that people need for an acceptable standard of living. People with incomes below the poverty line are considered poor. Economists study the causes of poverty in order to find solutions to the problem.As the general standard of living in the country rises, the poverty line does, too. therefore, even with todays relatively high standard of living, about 10 percent of the people in the United States are below the poverty line. However, if these people had stable jobs, they could have an acceptable standard of living. Economists suggest several reasons why poor people do not have jobs.For one thing, more than half of the poor people in the United States are not qualified to work. Over 40 percent of the poor people are children. By law, children less than 16 years old cannot work in many industries. A large number of poor people are old. Many companies do not hire people over 65 years old, the normal retirement age.Some poor adults do not look for jobs for a variety of personal reasons: they are sick, they do not have any motivation（动力）. they have family problems, or they do notbelieve that they can find a job. Other poor people look for a job but cannot find one. Many poor adults never went to high school. Therefore, when they look for jobs, they have few skills that they can offer. At the present time, the government thinks it can reduce poverty in the country in the following ways.First, if the national economy grows. businesses and industries hire more workers. Some of the poor who are qualified to look for jobs may find employment. Then they will no longer be below the poverty line.Second, if society invests in the poor, the poor will become more productive. if the government spends money on social programs, education, and training for poor people, the poor will have the skills to offer, Then it is more likely that they can find jobs.Finally, if the government distributes societys income differently, it raises some poor people above the poverty line. The government collects taxes from the non-poor and gives money to the poor. These payments to the poor are called welfare. in 1975 over 18million people in the United States received welfare. Some economists are looking for better solutions to the poverty problem. However, at the present time, many people depend on welfare for a minimally acceptable standard of living.1. The authors main purpose to write this article is.A） to define what the poverty line is B） to explain why some people live the poverty line C） to find solutions to the problem of poverty D） to show sympathy for those poor people2. Which of the following is NOT true?A） Ten percent of the Americans live a poor life. B） Poor people are those who love below the poverty line. C） The poverty line rises as the general standard of living rises. 3. More than 40 percent of the poor people are children. This is mainly because.A） they do not have enough motivation B） they are so young that they are deprived of chances to work C） they fail to get enough education D） they are very poor in health4. Most of the American poor people are not qualified for employment because.A） they to not have any motivation to work B） they are not very self-confident C） they are too young or too old to work D） they have physical and family problems5. We may conclude from the passage that.A） better solutions to the poverty problem are not yet found B） welfare will enable people to be rich C） poor people are bound to go out of the poverty line if they have chances to do business D） employment is the best solution to the poverty problemKey: CDBCAGrammar and UsageStep 1: General introduction The grammar item in this unit focuses on linking words. You are expected to learn that links are needed between sentences to connect the ideas of the sentences to each other. You will also learn some common types of links between sentences. Then you may apply what you have learnt to practical use by finishing two exercises.Step 2: Overview and practice:1. Read the following passage written by one of you and point out the linking words:Dear Tom,Its great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you something that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we held a growing-up ceremony for our coming 18-year-old birthday. At first we made an oath that as grown-ups we should have a sense of duty for our society form now on. Then w