M6U3.Grammar.doc

Module 6 Unit3 Understanding each other Grammar 主备：严鑫鑫 审核：谢琴Part I Preview sheet虚拟语气表示动作或状态不是客观存在的事实，而是说话人的主观愿望、假设或推测等。在含有非真实条件句的复合句中，主句和从句的谓语动词都要用虚拟语气，其构成有三种形式： 一.1表示与现在事实相反的条件 If I lived on the moon, I might see the beautyChange. If I were you, I should go and try. 2表示与过去事实相反的条件 If I had known your telephone number yesterday, I would have telephoned you. If it had not rained this morning, I should have gone shopping. 3表示在将来不太可能实现的条件 表示在将来不太可能实现的条件从句有三种形式： If he were here tomorrow, I would speak to him. If she had time, she could help me. If it should rain, the crops could be saved. If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way.总结：虚拟语气结构If 从句主句与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与将来事实相反 4省略if的条件句 在书面语中，非真实条件句中有were, had, should时，可以省略if，而把were, had, should放在主语前，用倒装结构。 Were it necessary, I might go without delay. Had you taken my advice, you wouldnt have failed in the exam. Should I have time, I would call on her. Were I to do the work, I should do it in a different way.二If引导的混合虚拟语气中：体会下面句子中的虚拟语气a) If you had gone to bed earlier last night,you wouldnt be sleepy now.b) If you had turned right just now, you wouldnt be in trouble now. 三虚拟语气其他形式： a) with, without, but for 等介词短语代替条件句But for the rain, the crops would have died. (= If _)Without the teachers help, he couldnt have made such great progress in English.(= If _)b). otherwise, but, or 常把真实情况和虚拟语气混合（重、难点）I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.I would have taken part in the sports meeting，but I was ill that day.He telephoned to inform me of your birthday, or I would have known nothing about it.四 . 虚拟语气的其他形式：1. 与现在、将来相反用过去时，与过去时间相反使用过去完成时：a. would rather 引导的虚拟语气, 但注意：would rather后所跟句子不接过去将来时。I would rather you came tomorrow instead of today.I would rather you had come yesterday. b. If /as if/ if only,wish ,引导的虚拟条件句。 If only I _had seen my favorite star yesterday.If only night were day. If only she would go with me! I wish I were a bird. I wish I had not seen him yesterday.I wish the rain would/could stop.2. 由 should +do, 构成的虚拟语气：A. 在由一个坚持（insist）,两个命令（order, command）, 四条建议（advise, suggest, propose，recommend）,四项要求（demand, require, request, ask,urge）等词引导的从句中，should可省It is suggested that each student (should) sing a song in English.The teacher gave us the suggestion that each student (should) sing a song in English.His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.比较：He insists that doing morning exercises does good to peoples health. He insists that he (should) do morning exercises every day.总结_B.“for fear that /in case+主语+ should +动词原形”。I will not make a noise for fear that I should disturb you. C. It is time that children went to sleep. It is high time that children should go to sleep.D. It is important/necessary/ordered that we (should) work out a study plan. It is strange that he should have failed to see his own shortcomings. It is a pity/shame that I should be at school instead of lying here in hospital. Part 2 Activity leading sheet一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1. Seeing how worried he is now, I wish I _ (not tell) him the truth. 2. The professor is said to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ (focus) more on its culture. 3. If he _ (follow) my advise, he wouldnt have lost his job.4. David could have came to help, but he _ (be) busy. 5. My little son often says that if he had a time machine, he _ (travel) back to the past. 6. He didnt come yesterday, otherwise he _( meet) the famous artist. 7. If only there _ ( be) a kind of language that all the people could understand and use. 8. The naughty boy insisted that he _ (do) nothing wrong. 9. Its high time that I _ (go) home.二、单项填空1. Why didnt your brother go to help them with their work? He _, but he didnt have enough time.A. went B. had C. would haveD. would2. Had he told me the truth, I wouldnt have been so worried. Yes. He _ his mouth shut.A. keeps B. has kept C. kept D. will keep3. Jack! My new pipe , you did it? Oh, no! I just had a look, Grandpa. A. was brokenB. had been broken C. has broken D. is broken 4. Miss Li requested that her students on time to every class. A. be B. were C. must be D. has to be 5. _ you fail to come tomorrow, give us a call in advance. A. Would B. Should C. Could D. Wouldnt 6. I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Were C. Had been D. Will be 7. If it were not for the fact that you _ dance, I would go to the ball with you.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. cant D. might not8. Mike _. After driving at top speed, he arrived here half an hour early. A. mustnt hurry B. neednt hurry C. couldnt have hurried D. neednt have hurried 9. If it should rain in the following few days, the crops in the fields _. A. would be savedB. would have been saved C. will be saved D. had been saved10. _ for the doctors careful treatment, he _ till last year.A. If it was not; couldnt live B. Were it not; couldnt liveC. Had it not been; couldnt have lived D. If it had not been; couldnt live11. -Mary looks hot and tired. - So _ if you had a high fever. A. do you B. you will C. would you D. you would 12. Could the party have been fairly enjoyable _ for his unexpected coming? A. it had not been B. if it was not C. had it not been D. if it shoud not be 13. If John his legs in the last training, he would join in the coming World Cup, which he has been longing to compete in. A. didnt hurt B. hadnt been hurt C. wasnt hurt D. hadnt hurt 14. My newly-bought magazine is nowhere to be found. _ I have left it on the train? A. Could B. Should C. Must D. Would 15. The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. You _ the trouble to carry your raincoat with you. A. mustnt have taken B. neednt have taken C. couldn have taken D. shouldn have taken16. Its time that you _ home and Id rather you _ again tomorrow.A. would go ; would come B. went ; came C. go ; are coming D. are going ; will come17. He _ the job well, but he _ so careless.A. hadnt done ; had been B. could have done ; wasC. could do ; was D. had done ; had been三、转换句型1. My greatest dream is that I can go to a key university next year. How I wish I _ _ to a key university next year. 2. I would like you to come here this weekend. Id rather you _ _ this weekend. 3. If you were to leave, tell me ahead of time. _ you _ _, tell me ahead of time. 4. See you are lying in hospital. Why didnt you take my my advice earlier?If you _ _ my advice, you _ _ lying in hospital. 5. Li Ping came to help me so that I could finish my work in time. _ _ Li Pings help, I _ _ _ my work in time.6. My teacher often advises me to go to the English Corner to practise my spoken Engligh. My teachers advice is that I _ _ to the English Corner to _ my spoken English _. Part3 Consolidation Sheet1.(2012天津卷) We wouldnt have called a taxi yesterday if Harold _us a ride home.A. didnt offerB. wouldnt offerC. hasnt offered D. hadnt offered2.(2012北京卷) Dont handle the vase as if it _ made of steel. A. is B. were C. has been D. had been3.(2012陕西卷)If may car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.A. was B. had beenC. should be D. would be4.(2012湖南卷) Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. A. have hadB. had had C. have D. had5. (2012山东卷)If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. A. havent made B. wouldnt makeC. didnt make D. hadnt made6.(2012辽宁卷) Jack is a great talker. Its high time that he something instead of just talking. A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 7.(2012福建卷)We lost our way in that small village, otherwise we _ more places of interest yesterday.A. visited B. had visitedC. would visitD. would have visited8.（2012江西卷)We have bought so much food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner. A. may notBneednt Ccant Dmustnt 9.(2012浙江卷)Had they known what was coming next, they_ second thoughts.A. may haveB. could haveC. must have had D. might have had10.