高一英语寒假作业（五）.doc

高一英语寒假作业（五）第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中,选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑 a “today we had a discussion in class about heroes,” said ayesha to her father. “the teacher asked us to name our favorite heroes.”“what did you say?” asked her father curiously.“i said kareena kapoor,” said ayesha proudly.“why do you like kareena?” asked her father.“she is so pretty, daddy!” shouted ayesha. “so i want to look like her!”“but how do you plan to do that?”“i dont know, but i want to look like her.”“when i see you, i see a very pretty girl. you may not be kareena, but you are just as fine as ayesha,” said her father seriously. “adopting（挑选）film actors as our heroes and heroines（女偶像）is part of being young, but in the process dont put yourself down,” he added. “but if you are trying so hard to be kareena, you will stop being ayesha.” ayesha began to look interested. her father added, “each of us is unique, we have come down to the earth to develop our own beautiful gifts. you are such a fine singer, for example. can you see how this might be your own wonderful gift to the world? focus on being yourself, child, and you will achieve great things in life.“ok, dad,” she said. “i love the way kareena looks but i am now going to focus on being the best ayesha i can be.”“thats my girl,” said her father, giving her a big hug.1. kareena kapoor is most probably a _.a. popular writerb. famous actressc. school teacherd. pretty singer2. which of the following words can best describe ayeshas father?”a. reasonable b. humorous c. impatient d. generous3. we know from the passage that _.a. ayeshas teacher liked watching films very muchb. kareena kapoor became famous for her couragec. ayesha changed her wrong attitude to kareena in the endd. ayesha followed her fathers advice and determined to be herself bwant to stay away from colds? put on a happy face.compared to unhappy people, those who are cheerful and relaxed are less likely to suffer from colds, according to a new study. its possible that being happy helps the body fight illnesses, say the researchers from new york university.“it seems that positive(积极的) feelings may reduce (减少)the danger of illness,” said the studys chief researcher sheldon cohen.in an earlier study, cohen found that people who were cheerful and lively caught coughs and colds less often. people who showed feelings were also less likely to tell their doctors that they felt ill.in this study, cohens interviewed 193 adults every day for two weeks. during the interviews, the people told researchers about were given colds by doctors and had to stay alone in a room for six days.the results showed that everyone in the study was equally(相等地) likely to get ill. buy for people who said they felt happy during the research period, their illness are less serious and lasted for a shorter time.cohen believes that when people experience positive feelings, their body may produce a chemical that helps fight illness and disease. so if you are worried abut your health, look on the bright side more often.1. which of the following was not a part of the study?a. people talked about their feelings every day. b. people were kept alone for six days.c. people were given colds by doctors. d. people were made to feel unhappy.2. what did the study find?a. people who felt happy never got ill. b. peoples feelings didnt influence their health.c. people with good feelings became ill more easily.d. people with positive feelings had less serious illnesses.3. according to cohen, which of the following may help fight illness?a. eating. b. crying. c. laughing. d. sleeping.4. this passage is a/an .a. advertisement b. newspaper report c. story d. scientists diary c science cant explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer. any owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings. for some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. a 2002 study by karen allen of the state university of new york measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. people with pets did it best .those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates .with pets in the room ,people also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions. it seems people feel more released (放松)around pets, says allen, who thinks it may be because pets dont judge.a study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. researchers at northwesterm memorial hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and were put on a diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 fat people without pets were put on a diet program. on average，people lost about 11 pounds，or 5% of their body weight .their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more than15%of their body weight .dog owners didnt lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers，got more exercise overall mostly with their dogs and found it worth doing.1what does the text mainly discuss?awhat pets bring to their ownersbhow pets help people calm downcpeoples opinions of keeping petsdpets value in medical research2we learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if _ahe has a pet companion(伙伴)bhe has less stress of workche often dose mental arithmeticdhe is taken care of by his family3according to allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks? athey have lower blood pressure. bthey become more patient. cthey are less nervous. dthey are in higher spirits.4the research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that apeople with dogs did more exercise bdogs lost the same weight as people did cdogs liked exercise much more than people diddpeople without dogs found the program unhelpful dme thing. but this may not always be the case. one can easily imagine instances in which a country has achieved higher levels of income (growth) with little or no benefit coming to most of its citizens (development).in the past, most development policies were aimed at increasing the growth rate of income per capita (人均所得). many are still based on the theory that benefit of economic growth will come to all members of society. if this theory is correct, growth should encourage development.by the early 1970s, however, the relationship between growth and development was being questioned. a major study by the world bank in 1974 concluded that it is now clear that more than decades of rapid growth in developing countries has been of little benefit to & third of their population.the world bank study showed that increase in gnp per capita did not promise important improvements in such development indicators as nutrition (营养), health, and education. although gnp per capita did indeed rise, its benefit came down to only a small part of the population. this realization gives rise to a call for new development policies. these new policies favor agriculture over industry, call for national redistribution (资源分配) of income and wealth, and encourage programs to satisfy such basic needs as food and shelter.in the late 1970s and early 1980s the international macroeconomic crises (大规模的经济危机) of high oil prices, worldwide recession (衰退) and the third world debt, forced attention away from programs designed to get rid of poverty. however, the lesson remains: economic growth does not promise economic development. efforts may be required to change growing output capacity (能力) into economic benefit that reach most of a nations people. (from )1. what do we learn from the first paragraph about the relationship between growth and development?a. growth and development refer to the same thing.b. growth always brings about development.c. development is not a necessary result of growth.d. development is a reliable measure of growth.2. before the 1970s, most development policies were based on theory that economic growth would benefit _.a. most people in society b. some people in societyc. few people in society d. everyone in society3. according to the study by the world bank in 1974, economic growth in some backward countries brought _.a. benefit to a third of their populationb. benefit to two thirds of their populationc little benefit to their peopled. no benefit at all to their people4. if the passage continues, what would the author most likely discuss in the next paragraph?a. how to turn growth into development.b. how to remove poverty from society.c. how to decrease the third world debt.d. how to cope with economic crises. 第二节（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）【题文】根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。1_britain may be the most red-headed country in the world. about i t0 2 percent of the worlds population has red hair. but in the uk the numbers are much higher . with 13 percent of scots. 10 percent of the irish, and 6 percent of people in england having red hair, according to the bbc.2_scientists have tried to explain why some people have red hair for some time and now they may have found an answer: the dull weather in britain. the human body needs vitamin d from sunshine. but unfortunately people living in britain do not have enough of it because of its maritime climate. in fact. britain gets even more cloud than countries in the far north of europe. in sweden. for example. the average daily hours of sunshine is 5. 4. in scotland it is only 3. i hours.3_to deal with this. the dna of people living in these areas has changed slightly ; scientists fall this a mutation. originally. the coloring on our body is a mixture of two kinds of melanin - black melanin is suppressed while only redyellow melanin is made. the result is red hair, light skin color. freckles and a greater sensitivity to sunlight.4_however, whats more interesting is that the redhead dna mutation is recessive. which means it is hidden and can often skip generations without showing. at least 1 6 million scots carry a redhead gene mutation, and most are unaware that they do. this is why a person who does not have red hair can still produce red-haired children if he or she is a carrier of this special dna.40_the research on red hair. like many areas of science. is contradictory(不一致）in 2002 researchers showed that redheads are more sensitive to pain, and need more anesthetic during surgery than people with blonde or dark hair. however, in 2005 scientists found that a mcrir mutation gives redheads a higher tolerance for pain. research into these aspects of red hair genetics continues. redheads should though be more careful about their exposure to sunlight as they are at an increased risk of contracting skin cancer. if you are a redhead. the advice is not to stay out of the sun. hut to be careful about how much exposure you get. and to cover yourself with a high factor sunscreen.a.redheads benefitsb.divided opinionsc. inheriting（遗传）characteristicsd.gene mutation（基因变异）e.home of the redheadsf.various weather typesg.weather is to blame第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节， 满分45分）第一节 完形填空（共20 小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a, b, c, d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。i told her everything that had happened to me in dr webbers secret brain-research lab (研究实验室), out on the other side of crystal town. i showed her the photos i had 1 6 taken with a hidden micro-camera. i told her about my best friendplummetwho had 17 with me. i told her how he was afraid to come to the police. she 18 again.dont you worry, mr. serge. youve got nothing to 19 from us. if you can take us to this research lab, we will come with you 20 and close the place down . this dr webber sounds very 21 . her words were like music to my ears. i 22 with relief（宽慰）. twenty minutes later, we were on a 23 boat, racing back across piccadilly lake, on our way back to the research lab, with six officers, all 24 with nerve guns(神经枪).the 25 of dr webber being shot with a nerve gun and arrested made me very 26 . but i was also frightened. 27 back to that place was the last thing i wanted to do. i suddenly felt very 28 . i lay down in the back of the boat and watched the paraliders （滑翔机）and balloons 29 by over head. they must have banned （禁止）motor vehicles from the london sky 30 i was away.it was much more 31 up there. better than the noisy jetcars and helicopters （直升飞机）that used to block out the 32 . my eyes closed and i fell asleep. i slept until i heard a voice 33 in my ear.serge! wake up! it was plummet, talking into my tiny（微型的） micro-radio. he had been 34 me from the roof of a nearby tower-block. 35 ! youre in trouble! 16. a. quicklyb. secretlyc. excitedlyd. frequently17. a. escapedb. stayedc. sufferedd. struggled18. a. stoppedb. criedc. restedd. smiled19. a. fear（吓唬）b. askc. keepd. steal20. a. after allb. on timec. at lastd. right now21. a. interestingb. powerfulc. dangerousd. strange22. a. chattedb. sightedc. laughedd. said23. a. researchb. fishingc. traveld. police24. a. coveredb. armedc. carriedd. brought25. a. thoughtb. ideac. sightd. dream26. a. sleepyb. surprisedc. happyd. nervous27. a. walkingb. sailingc. goingd. running28. a. hopelessb. tiredc. excitedd. sick29. a. flyingb. passingc. movingd. floating30. a. whileb. becausec. whered. since31. a. peacefulb. beautifulc. gentled. natural32. a. labb. boatc. skyd. place33. a. shoutingb. whispering（低语）c. speakingd. sounding34. a. callingb. watchingc. followingd. expecting35. a. hurry upb. get upc. wake upd. look up第二节 阅读下面材料，用不多于3个单词的正确形式填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分） jimmy is an automotive mechanic, but he lost his job a few months ago. he was kind but always feared applying for 61 new job.one day, he gathered up all his strength and 62 (decide) to attend a job interview. it would be only an hour 63 the interview started. while waiting for a bus to the interviewers office, he saw an elderly man wildly 64 (kick) the car. jimmy immediately went up to lend him a hand. when jimmy finished 65 (work) on the car, the man asked him how much he should pay for the service. jimmy said he just helped someone 66 need, and he had to rush for an interview. then the man insisted on taking him to the office for his interview. jimmy had to agree.upon arrival, jimmy found a long line of applicants waiting 67 (interview). one by one, they left the office with a 68 (disappoint) look on their faces. finally his name was called. to his surprise, the interviewer was the old man he helped 69 (early) in the morning. “sorry i had to keep you waiting, but i was pretty sure i made the right decision to have you as part of our workforce before you even stepped into the office. 70 (congratulate)!”第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）【题文】假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改