高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练阅读理解5.doc

2014届高三英语二轮复习专题突破精品训练：阅读理解achristmas is still a few weeks away. but in holland, germany and other parts of central europe, a man dressed in red with a big white beard will already be flying from house to house with a big sack (袋子) and presents for children. “sinterklaas komt! ”as dutch children saysaint nicholas is coming! its obvious from the name that “santa claus” comes from “sinterklaas”. saint nicholas day is celebrated on december 6, but there are many things about the saint and his festival that are similar to christmas. just as santa has reindeer (驯鹿), sinterklaas has a white horse. dutch and german children put their shoes out in front of the chimney just like children hang up their stockings on christmas eve, hoping that in the morning they will be full of presents. with sinterklaas, however, youre also expected to put a carrot in your shoe as a present to his horse. like santa, sinterklaas also judges whether children have been “naughty or nice” in the past year to help him decide whether they deserve presents. but while good children get sweets, the consequences of being bad are far worse than they are with father christmas. naughty children are given a stick so their parents can beat them. if you are really, really bad, sinterklaas will put you into a sack and take you away. in parts of germany and austria, people also celebrate december 5but it is a celebration of naughtiness rather than niceness. on “krampus day”, bizarre, horned demons (长着角的怪物) (or rather boys dressed in costumes) run around causing havoc and hitting girls with sticks. authorities have struggled for years to ban the tradition, but have not been successful. luckily saint nicholas always comes next day to put things right. 9. what is the main focus of the article? a. the history of christmas day. b. the traditions of saint nicholas day. c. the similarities between christmas day and saint nicholas day. d. the connection between saint nicholas day and krampus day. 10. which of the following statements about saint nicholas is true? a. the festival falls on december 5 in most european countries. b. on the eve of saint nicholas day, people usually eat carrots. c. in germany, children expect to get gifts in their shoes on saint nicholas day. d. like santa, sinterklaas is believed to ride his reindeer from house to house to give gifts to children. 11. what can we conclude from paragraph 3? a. naughty children dont get anything from sinterklaas. b. as well as children, sinterklaas also brings gifts for adults. c. sinterklaas is more generous than father christmas. d. sinterklaas treats good children better than naughty children. 12. what is the attitude of authorities towards krampus day traditions according to the article? a. they have tried in vain to get rid of some of the traditions. b. they organize various activities to entertain people. c. they respect the way people celebrate it. d. they regard it as an important tradition and try to promote it. 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了在欧洲一些国家流行的saint nicholas day（圣尼古拉斯日）的风俗习惯。9.【解析】选b。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了在欧洲一些国家流行的saint nicholas day的风俗习惯，所以答案为b。10.【解析】选c。细节理解题。由第二段“dutch and german children put their shoes out in front of the chimney just like children hang up their stockings on christmas eve, hoping that in the morning they will be full of presents. ”可知c正确。由第一、二段可知主要是荷兰、德国以及中欧一些国家过saint nicholas day，节日日期是december 6，所以a不对；由第二段最后一句可知b不对；由第二段“sinterklaas has a white horse”可知d不对。 11.【解析】选d。推理判断题。由第三段可知，sinterklaas对待乖孩子和顽皮孩子态度不同，乖孩子给礼物，顽皮孩子可能就是棍子或者放在麻袋里带走，所以d项正确。 12.【解析】选a。推理判断题。由最后一段中 “authorities have struggled for years to ban the tradition, but have not been successful. ”可知a正确。 【拓展提升】1.冻疮 出发；引起；引爆 奇异的 祸患 而不是2. 方式状语从句 虚拟语气 定语从句 主语这位登山先锋谈起这些山脉时，好像它们就是需要尊重的生灵一样。american watersports tuesdaysaturdaylocated on the beach of the sea gardens beach resort, there are fun things to rent for the whole family. they offer rentals for kayaks, jetskis and even parasails! enjoy the water upclose or from a birds eye view! no matter what activity youre enjoying, be sure to protect yourself and your family from the suns powerful rays and apply plenty of sun block! 15th street boat companymondaysaturday15th street boat company offers rental boats of all kinds. theyre sure to have what you are looking for, whether its a small boat for a quick and simple outing or an extravagant boat with comfortable seats with a stereo(立体声) and high-tech navigation(导航). you can rent a boat for half a day, a couple days, or even weeks at a time. if you want it, theyve got it. its fun for everyone! coconuts watersports9 a. m. 5 p. m. monday through sundaycoconuts watersports is open 7 days a week for your convenience and offers tons of water fun for the whole family. jet ski activities last 30 minutes or 1 hour and can make stops along the way. you must be at least 14 years of age to ride alone and can be as young as 3 to ride along with an adult. everybody is required to wear a life jacket and a license is required to operate the jet ski. bathing suits and shorts are recommended. jet ski tours of miamithursdaysunday 10 a. m. 7 p. m. jet ski tours of miami includes onsite parking, indoor restrooms, lockers and life jackets for participants. you may choose a one or two-hour tour and each jet ski can hold up to 3 people. you must be at least 18 years old in order to ride. as long as you are accompanied by an adult, there is no age limitation for any passenger. there is a restaurant nearby to eat at. the tour visits 6 different islands and passes by bayside and hard rock. you may even catch a glimpse of dolphins playing or a manatee resting in these fabulous florida waters. 9. what activity is convenient for the visitors to have lunch? a. jet ski tours of miamib. coconuts watersportsc. 15th street boat companyd. american watersports 10. to satisfy your sons curiosity about marine animals, you _. a. will rent a boat to ride with himb. prefer an extravagant boat with comfortable seats with a stereoc. would like to prefer american watersports to florida watersd. can choose the tour to bayside and hard rock11. if you like to sail a boat, you can _. a. go to the sea gardens beach resortb. visit 15th street boat companyc. choose jet ski tours of miami d. go to coconuts watersports12. to ride alone in the jet ski activities, _. a. you have to be at least 14 years oldb. you can choose to wear a life jacket or notc. you must be over 18 years oldd. you have to be with parents【文章大意】本文为介绍旅游活动的四则广告。9.【解析】选a。细节理解题。在第四部分中的there is a restaurant nearby to eat at. 说明游客可以用餐。10.【解析】选d。细节理解题。在第四部分最后一个句中提到海豚、海牛，他们属于海洋动物，和题干中的marine animals相符。因此参考答案从这里找出。11.【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据文章第二部分中的you can rent a boat for half a day, a couple days, or even weeks at a time. 可知，只有在15th street boat company能租到船。文章并没有提到租船者的年龄限制，所以排除d。12.【解析】选a。细节理解题。根据文章第三部分中的第三个句子可得出参考答案。该题极易误选c。注意在第四部分中谈到的是你至少18岁，而不是over。fat campfor some, the prison of aerobics (有氧运动), health food and hunger pains is a reality. whenever i bring up that ive been to fat camp, people laugh and say, “are you serious? is it like that movie? tell me more! ” people are usually really curious about fat camp. they wonder what its like there. “is food snuck (偷偷拿) in? is chocolate black market (黑市) material? . . . ” the answer to all of these questions is yes. you are woken at 7 am to trek down the hill, still in your pajamas. you enter the canteen and wait in a seemingly endless line, still starved from an unsatisfying dinner. you finally get foodthen wish you hadnt. but you eat it because otherwise you starve. you eat every little bit of powdered egg, every crumb of soggy (没烤透的) diet toast and tasteless sugarfree jelly. after breakfast you hike back up the hill. the hill is meant to physically, spiritually (精神上地), and emotionally break you. you must climb it three times a day for equally delicious meals. every time, you see someone stop in despair midway up. there is always one who pretends to be hurt in the hope that someone will carry them up. throughout the day you rotate through periods of swimming, three sports, and one or two aerobics classes. its not officially called “fat” camp; its called “fun and fitness camp”. but when i think of fun, i dont think of fitness. however, there were good parts to campparts like the friendships. everyone seemed to bond over starvation (饥饿) and the need for food. it became a game to see how much food you could acquire in one stay. many campers would bring supplies, but they would of course be taken away. my technique was to befriend the counselors. through my connections i received candy, soda and fried chicken. also, as soon as one camper left, they would send other things from home. the struggles of fat camp really do give you an appreciation of life. whether you have realized the value of taste, gained friends, or lost weight, no one will ever forget their experiences at fat camp. fat camp is no jokeits a whole world of drama, hardships and revelations. 1. which of the following is true about the people who have heard that the author has been to fat camp? a. they think the author is joking and dont believe her. b. they look down upon the author and make fun of her. c. they pretend to be very interested in the topic so as to seem polite. d. they dont hide their interest in the camp and ask the author all kinds of questions. 2. which of the following is true about the fat camp the author attended according to the article? a. chocolate is forbidden in the camp. b. the camp provides fun fitness courses. c. the food there tastes terrible and is never enough. d. a person who cant finish the hike up the hill will be carried up. a. acb. bcc. abcd. bcd3. what does the underlined phrase “rotate through” in para. 5 mean? a. select fromb. benefit fromc. enjoy yourself ind. switch between4. what does the author think about her fat camp experience? a. she thinks it helped her lose weight. b. she thinks it was the best place to make friends. c. she thinks she gained from her struggles there. d. she cant stand remembering her experiences there. 【文章大意】减肥营不仅可以使你减轻体重，还可以让你学会对生活感恩。1.【解析】选d。细节理解题。从第二段的“people are usually really curious about fat camp. they wonder what its like there. ”以及人们提的一连串问题得知，人们对减肥营很感兴趣，总是问作者一堆问题。 2.【解析】选a。细节理解题。从第二段的最后两句可知，巧克力是禁止带入的食物，a正确。倒数第三段的“but when i think of fun, i dont think of fitness”说明，减肥营的课程在作者看来并不有趣，b不对。第三段里的描述中我们看到营中的食物味道不好，也不管饱，c正确。文中没有提到爬不上山的人会被背上去，d不对。所以正确答案应该为a项。3.【解析】选d。从上文中的“throughout the day”可知，这是个贯穿全天的动作，从下文看这些课程并不让作者快乐，所以综合来看应该是d，意为“轮流去做”。 4.【解析】选c。a和b的the best place在文中没有提到，排除。从最后一段的“the struggles of fat camp really do give you an appreciation of life. whether you have realized the value of taste, gained friends, or lost weight, no one will ever forget the experiences at fat camp. ”可知，减肥营让人对生活感恩，没有人会忘记在里面的经历，所以c项正确，d项不对。rising levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are a major cause of climate change, and now a new study has confirmed that atmospheric co2 is also affecting the ocean chemistry and potentially harming sea life. montana state university scientist robert dore has been researching the water in the pacific ocean for almost two decades. “weve been going to the same spot in the pacific ocean, and we try to characterize long-term change in the open ocean environment. and one of the key things that we measure is co2 levels. and weve been able to record this increasing quantity of atmospheric co2 into the ocean. ”scientists expected that as atmospheric co2 increased, more and more of the carbon dioxide would be absorbed into the ocean, affecting the chemical balance of the sea water, with a potentially harmful impact on shellfish and coral in particular. “as carbon dioxide dissolves in the water or sea water in this case, it forms a weak acid, carbonic acid, ” dore explains, “and therefore, as the concentration of co2 in the atmosphere goes up and that exchanges with the surface sea water, it drives the ph down, and makes it more acidic. ” the sea water dore and his colleagues have analyzed confirms what the theory predicts. the effect was particularly striking at about 250 meters down, and again at 500 meters. dore and his colleagues came up with two possible explanations. it could be that surface water picked up co2 and then moved to those depths. or there could be a biological explanation. “its important to realize that the oceans are really becoming acidic. and it could have negative impacts on a whole variety of sea life from