初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题.doc

流星雨教育初三英语定语从句讲解及练习题在复合句中修饰名词和代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导定语从句的关系代词有who,whose,whom,which,that。引导定语从句的关系副词有when,where,why。关系代词在定语从句中做主语，宾语，定语。关系副词在定语从句中做状语。一、who引导的定语从句,who在从句中做主语(口语中也可做宾语)，修饰表示人的先行词。Thisisthemanwhohelpedme.Theboywho/whomwesawyesterdayisJohnsbrother.二、whom引导的定语从句,whom在从句中作宾语,修饰表示人的先行词，口语中可以省略。Thedoctor(whom)youarelookingforisintheroom.Theperson(whom)youjusttalkedtoisMr.Li.=ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.(介词后whom不能省略)Thebabieswhomthenursesarelookingafterareveryhealthy.(固定短语中的介词一般不能拆开，仍放在动词之后。lookfor/lookafter/takecareof/puton/takeoff)三、whose引导的定语从句,whose在从句中作定语，修饰表示人或物的先行词。DoyouknowthewomanwhosenameisMary.Passmethedictionarywhosecoverisblack.Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.四、that引导的定语从句，that在从句中做主语或宾语、修饰表示人或物的先行词。作宾语时可省略,不能放在介词后面作宾语.(that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which)Theletter(that/which)Ireceivedwasfrommyfather.Icantfindtheletterthat/whichcamethismorning.Doyoustillrememberthedays(that/which)wespenttogether?Thisisthemanthat/whohelpedme.Thehouse(that/which)weliveinisnotlarge.=Thehouseinwhichweliveisnotlarge.Thedoctor(that/whom/who)youarelookingforisintheroom.五、which引导的定语从句，which在从句中做主语，也可做宾语，或介词的宾语，修饰表示物的先行词。Thisisthebook(which/that)youwant.Thebuildingwhich/thatstandsneartheriverisourschool.Theroominwhichthereisamachineisaworkshop.(介词后面的which不能省略)Thehouse(which/that)weliveinisnotlarge.Thisisthewatch(which/that)hewaslookingfor.六、that和which都可以修饰表示物的先行词,但是下列情况只能用that.先行词为不定代词all,few,little,much,everything,nothing,anything等.All(that)youhavetodoistopractiseeveryday.Thereisntmuch(that)Icando.Telluseverythingthatyouknow,please.Isthereanythingthatyoudontunderstand?.先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级所修饰时.Thefirstlesson(that)Ilearnedwillneverbeforgotten.Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.先行词被all,any,every,few,little,no,some,much等不定代词修饰时.Ihavereadallthebooks(that)yougaveme.先行词被theonly,thevery,thelast,thesame等修饰时.ThisistheverybookthatIwanttoread.ThisisthesamebookthatIwanttoread.Thisisthelasttime(that)Ishallgiveyoualesson.ThisistheonlythingthatIcanremember.七、由when引导的定语从句，修饰表示时间的先行词，when为关系副词，做定语从句的时间状语。IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.IstillrememberthedayonwhichIfirstcametoBeijing.(介词which可以代替when)Illneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.Irememberthedayswhich/thatwespenttogether.八、由where引导的定语从句，修饰表示地点的先行词，where为关系副词，做定语从句的地点状语。Thisistheplacewherewelivedforfiveyears.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisinthewestofthecity.(介词which可以代替where)Thisisaplacewhich/thatIwantedtovisit.ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.九、Why引导的定语从句，why做原因状语。Iknowthereasonwhyhecamelate.(forwhich可以代替why)Thereasonwhy/forwhichhewaslatewasthathewasill.十、关系代词在从句中作主语，谓语动词的数与先行词保持一致。ThestudentwhoisgoodatEnglishstudieshard.ThestudentswhoaregoodatEnglishstudyhard.十一、定语从句可分为两大类，即限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉的话，主句的意思就不完整，意义就表述不明。这种句型一般定语从句紧接先行词（不用逗号隔开）如：Iwastheonlypersoninmyofficewhowasinvited.非限制性定语从句。它与主句的关系不十分密切，只是对先行词起补充、说明的作用，也就是说即便去掉定语从句，句意也不受影响。主从句之间常用逗号分开，且非限制性定语从句不能用that来引导。ThiswastheAmericanCivilWar,whichlasted4yearsbeforetheNorthwonintheend.一、用关系代词（that、which、who、whom、whose）或关系副词（when、where、why）填空。1Thisistheman_wantstoseeyou.2Thestudent_answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3Theman_youwenttoseehascome.4Theman_Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5Thewoman_yousawisourgeographyteacher.6Hereisthepen_youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.7Thesebooks_youlentmewereveryuseful.8Aclockisamachine_tellspeoplethetime.9Thisistheshirt_Iboughtyesterday.10Thebook_isonthetableismine.11Thefilm_theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.12Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces_Ihaveevervisited.13Isthereanyone_familyisinBeijing?14Showmetheboy_motherisawell-knownsinger.15Theboy_fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.16Idontknowthereason_hewaslatefortheclass.17Abirthdayisthedate_onewasborn.18Doyouknowthereason_noonequestionedAristotlestheoryforabout2,000years?19Doyoustillrememberthedays_wespenttogetherlastterm?20Shanghaiisthecity_Iwasborn.21Thehouse_Ilivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.22Istillremembertheday_Ifirstcametotheschool.23Thetime_wegottogetherfinallycame.24Pleasetellmethereason_youmissedtheplane.25Idontknowthereason_helooksunhappytoday.26Everything_Iknowwillbetaughttothestudents.27Thisisthebestfilm_Ihaveeverseen.28Themanagerwalkedtowardthegate_theworkersarewaiting.29Youcantgointothisroom_theyarehavingameeting.30Istillrememberthedays_westudiedtogether.31Thepicture_hasahouseandflowersistheoneIlikebest.32Hefailedintheexam,_surprisedusall.33Herparentswouldntlethermarryanyone_familywaspoor.34Tom,_parentsarepoorworkers,alwaysgoeshungry.二、单项选择。()1.Thisisthebag_mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.this()2.Theman_livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./()3.Thegirl_yousawinthestreetisMary.A.thatB.whoseC.whichD.as()4.Isthisthefactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.whichC.whoD.whom()5.Isthisfactory_alotofstudentsvisitedyesterday?A.theoneB.thatC.whichD./()6.Theonlylanguage_iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it()7.Thegirlhandedeverything_shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all()8._cleanstheblackboardshouldbepraised.A.ThatB.WhoC.TheonewhoD.Thestudentswho()9.Pleaseshowmethebook_youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this()10.Thisisthebestbook_Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./()11.Thisistheonlyarticleofthesethat_writtenbyhim.A.wasB.wereC.isD.are()12.Theman_washerejustnowisadoctor.A.whomB.whoC./D.he()13.Theboy_hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor()14.Those_madenomistakesintodaysexercisespleaseraiseyourhands.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who()15.Dontgoin,thisistheshop_wehavejustbeen_.A./,toB.that,/C.where,toD.which,there()16.Heisthemostcarefulboy_Iknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD./()17.Thisistheschool_Mr.Smithoncetaught.A.inthatB.whenC.whereD.there()18.Haveyouvisitedthehouse_thefamousscientistwasborn?A.whereB.inthatC.thatD.which()19.Thefactory_Mr.Liusedtoworkwasclosedlastweek.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which()20.Doyoustillremembertheday_wefirstmet?A.thatB.whenC.whatD.onthat()21.Thetime_westudiedtogetherisnoteasilyforgotten.A.thatB.whenC.whereD.inwhich()22.October1,1949istheday_wellneverforget.A.whenB.thatC.whereD.inwhich()23.October1,1949wastheday_thePeoplesRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.whichB.whenC.whereD.inwhich()24.Isthistheshop_sellschildrensclothing?A.whichB.whereC.inwhichD.what()25.Isthismuseum_theyvisitedlastmonth?A.thatB.whichC.whereD.theone()26.Istillrememberthesitting-room_mymotherandIusedtositintheevening.A.w