广东省深圳市学八年级英语下册 Chapter 57基础知识归纳与练习 牛津深圳版.doc

chapter5-7基础知识归纳与练习单词归纳与练习n.actor, schedule, childhood, fence, joy, chance, method, law, clothing, heart, kitchen, responsibility, permission, pavement, teenager, bunch, play, university, port, appointment, yard, frog, pen-name, method, author, paintv.manage, measure, disturb, refuse, expect, write, perform, support, cancel, beg, last, encourage, receive, afford, marry, gain, paint, select, spend,adj.personal, western, grateful, latest, electrical, independentadv.forever, therefore, seldom【练一练】i根据句意及汉语提示填写单词，使句子完整、通顺。1. we have to _ (支持) each other, and this is what i know how to do.2. chinese culture is becoming more and more popular in _ (西方的) countries.3. i was _ (写) a report when the doorbell rang.4. my mother was cooking dinner in the _ (厨房) while i was drawing a picture at this time yesterday. 5. they invited me to the play, but i had to _ (拒绝) because i was very busy.6. the old photo often reminds me of my _ (童年) and my playmates.7. when we cross the streets, we shouldnt climb over the _ (栅栏) along the streets.8. to our _ (愉快), the actress will come to xingyi next sunday.9. her english teachers words _ (激励) her last night.10. he always plans everything first. he does things according to the _ (日程表).ii.根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。11. i am _ (grate) to you for your help.12. tom, you are no longer a little boy. you should learn to be _ (depend).13. i think computers are the most _ (use) inventions in the world.14. its not safe to give out your _ (person) information to your strange net friends.15. good morning. ive got an _ (appoint) with ms king in her office.16. they brought apples and huge _ (bunch) of bananas.17. he won the oscar award for best _ (act).18. she is only a little girl. she is a _ (teenage).19. lucy believes that she would never _ (marry) jim.20. my uncle _ (manage) to get to the train station in time.根据句意及母提示填写单词，使句子完整、通顺。21. its wrong to read peoples letters without their p _.22. - what are you going to do after you finish the senior middle school? - i want to be a student of tsinghua u _. it is my dream.23. according to the new traffic l _, people mustnt drive after drinking wine or beer.24. the c _ store is having a sale. the clothes there are very cheap.25. nothing is difficult if you put your h _ into it.26. their l _ research shows that 80% of the young are living under huge pressure.27. if you make a lot of noise, you may d _ others.28. he often goes to the old peoples home to p _ plays for the old as a volunteer.29. mary lost her wallet. t _, she cant buy her favorite dress.30. i r _ your letter the day before yesterday, bit i was too busy to write to you.词组归纳与练习1. at a price 以很高的代价2. fall ill 生病3. in place of 代替4. call back 回电5. give someone a hand 帮助某人6. give up 放弃7. save up 储蓄；攒钱8. come along 出现9. make fun of 取笑10. belong to 归属于11. pass by 路过；经过12. pocket money 零用钱13. after all 毕竟14. at the bottom of. 在的底部15. make it 成功16. from then on 从那时起17. at the age of. 在岁的时候18. the olympic games 奥运会【练一练】i从以上所归纳的词组中选择合适的词组填空，注意用其适当形式。1. she had to stay at home because her son _.2. you should be ready to solve any problem that may _.3. it took me a year _ for d new car.4. correcting the wrongs of the past also comes _.5. he _ me for making such a foolish mistake just now.6. dont _！its never too late to try.7. i left him a message, so he _.ii根据句意及汉语提示补全句子，使句子完整、通顺。8从那时起，我开始努力学习了。 _, i began to study hard.9大明的爷爷去世时100岁。 damings grandfather died _.10请把红色的给我，而不是绿色的。 give me the red one _ the green one.11. 他告诉我，几周后他会路过我们镇。 he told me that he would _ our town after several weeks.12. 这房子是我祖父的。 the house _ my grandfather.13. 如果你努力的话，你会成功的。 if you try, you will _.14. 不要对他那么严格，毕竟，他只是个孩子。 dont be so strict with him. _, he is only a child.15. 在瓶子底部，有许多糖果和饼干。 there are many candies and cookies _ the bottle.句型归纳与练习1. get ready to do sth 做好准备干某事2. would rather do sth 宁愿更喜欢干某事3. decide to do sth 决定做某事4. be willing to do sth 愿意做某事5. sb spend some time doing sth 某人花费时间做某事6. be strict with sb 对某人要求严格7. go on doing sth 继续做某事【练一练】 根据句意及汉语提示补全句子。1语文老师对我们要求很严格。他常让我们背诵一些文章。 our chinese teacher _ us. he often asks us to recite some passages.2老师告诉这个男孩不要花太多时间玩游戏。 the teacher told the boy not to _ too much time _ games.3休息一会后，我继续做作业了。 after having a rest, i _ my homework.4他们很乐意谈论这个问题。they _ talk about the problem.5昨天小丽决定要减肥。 yesterday xiaoli _ loose weight.6他准备好参加数学考试了。我相信他会成功的。 he _ take the math exam. i believe he will make it.7他宁愿学习也不愿玩游戏。 he _ study than play computer games.语法归纳与练习语法一： 过去进行时 过去进行时表示过去某一时刻，或过去某一时间段内，正在进行的动作。常和表示过去的时间状语then，at that time，this time yesterday，at ten yesterday等连用。下面我们先通过做题了解一下所掌握的知识点。【练习导航】( ) 1. - what _ you _ at nine last night? - i _ watching tv at this time. a. are; doing; am b. were; doing; am c. were; doing; was d. are; doing; was【答案与解析】答案为c。对话中给出了时间“昨天晚上九点”，询问过去具体时间内正在做什么事情，用过去进行时。( ) 2. - i saw joy and her brother in the park at ten yesterday morning. - impossible. she _ computer games with me in my home then. a. is playing b. was playing c. plays d. would play【答案与解析】答案为b。根据句意：“一昨天早上十点，我看见乔伊和她哥哥在公园可能，她那时候在我家和我一起玩游戏呢”，可知，本题考查过去进行时，其基本结构为：主语+ waswere+现在分词+其他成分。( ) 3. i _ down the street when suddenly i heard a big noise and the house fell down. a. walked b. was walking c. am walking d. walk【答案与解析】答案为b。此句句意：我正沿着街道走，这时突然听到了一声巨响，房子倒塌了。本题是由when引导的时间状语从句，根据句意，主句用过去进行时。【指点迷津】过去进行时的一般结构为：主语+ waswere+现在分词+其他成分，表示过去某时间，或时间段内正在发生的动作。 eg. they asked me what i was doing all afternoon. 他们问我，整个下午一直在做什么。 eg. he was reading a book when i came home. 我回家时，他正在看书。 eg. i was doing my homework while my mother was watching tv. 当我妈妈在看电视的时候，我正在做作业。过去进行时也常和always等时间副词连用，表示过去颊繁发生的习惯性动作，此时的过去进行时带有一定的感情色彩。 eg. john was always changing his mind. 约翰总是在改变主意。【练一练】 选择最佳答案( ) 1. -i called you at 7 oclock yesterday evening, but nobody answered. - im sorry. i _ my mother with housework in the garden when the telephone rang. a. was helping b. am helping c. helped d. helps( ) 2. when she entered the classroom, they _ about how many people went to yaan as volunteers during the earthquake. a. are talking b. talk c. were talking d. will talk( ) 3. i first met alice three years ago while we _ the same dance class in xian art school. a. were taking b. took c. have taken d. are taking( ) 4. - what did your father say just now? - im sorry, i dont know. i _ on the phone. a. am talking b. was talking c. talk d. had talked( ) 5. - did you see a little boy at the age of about five pass by just now? - no, sir. i _ a newspaper. a. read b. am reading c. was reading d. would like to语法二： 由who, that, which引导的关系从句 目前，我们将主要讲解由who, that, which引导的关系从句，其主要用法及作用。一起来通过练习题回顾所学的知识吧！【练习导航】( ) 1. the boy _ won the gold medal comes from xian caihong middle school. a. who b. whose c. which d. whom【答案与解析】答案为a。考查who的用法。who在句中作主语，其先行词为人。全意为“赢得金牌的那个男孩，来自西安彩虹中学”。( ) 2. they dont have any dictionaries _ we need. a. that b. who c. whose d. why【答案与解析】答案为a。考查that的用法，that引导定语从句时可做从句中的宾语，其先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。此题中字典为物，不能用who。句意：他们没有我们需要的字典。( ) 3. the country is fighting against sars, a disease _ has caused many deaths. a. who b. which c. whom d. what【答案与解析】答案为b。考查which的用法。which在定语从句中做主语或宾语，其先行词为物。此题中疾病为物，不能用who，whom。句意：举国上下都在抗击非典，它已经引起了多人死亡。【指点迷津】who扣that在代指人的时候可以互换。 eg. do you know the beautiful girl whothat attended ms wang class? 你认识那位上王老师课的漂亮女生吗？that和which在代指物的时候可以互换。 eg. he got a car whichthat his parents bought for him as a birthday present. 他有辆车，那是他父母送给他的生日礼物。that和which在代指物的时候可以互换，但在以下几种情况下，只能用that. 1先行词是all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much等不定代词。eg. he did everything that he could to help me. 他竭尽所能来帮助我。 2先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。 eg. all the things that i can do is to give him some advice. 我所能做的就是给他提些建议。 3先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。 eg. the first thing that she needs to do is to find a hotel and have a rest. 她要做的第一件事就是，找个旅馆，休息一下。 4先行词被the only, the very, the first, the last修饰时。 eg. he is the only considerate boy that i have ever met. 化是我所遇到的，唯一一位体贴人的男生。【练一练】 选择最佳答案。( ) 6. jamie is a young boy _ wants to improve his spoken english.a. who b. whose c. whom d. which( ) 7. there are many works of art in the museum _ we will visit the day after tomorrow. a. who b. that c. where d. when( ) 8. pauls uncle is the man _ taught us history last year. a. which b. when c. who d. what( ) 9. - do you know the man _ come here yesterday? - yes, he gave me the most interesting book _ i had wanted to buy. a. who; that b. who; which c. whom; which d. what; that( ) 10. is that the man _ helped us a lot after the heavy rain? a. who b. which c. when d. whose( ) 11. the house _ we live in is not that large. how about buying a bigger one?a. who b. whom c. when d. that( ) 12. this is the computer _ yo