2013高考英语试题高频词汇考点冲刺讲义复习资料.xls

第 1 页 共 80 页 点击朗诵16国外语 需要启用宏后才能使用朗诵功能 启用方法 先启用编辑 然后启用宏内容 2003版启用方法如下 工具 宏 安全性 低或中 重启文档 启用宏 3 1 3 5 4 不会启用宏 点击查看帮助 请根据内容选择以下语种 再点击单词朗诵 祝你学习进步 1 en 课时1 5 一 高考完形填空命题趋势 选材特点 以记叙文为主 多以记叙文和夹叙夹意为主 命题特点 1 设空特点 名词 动词 5 8个 为主 2 考点层次分三部 里边层次 语篇层次30 以上 体现了突 出语篇的命题思路 句子层次 占70 左右 单词层次 只须读懂单词所在句子就 能做 分数较少 3 考查重点 短文第一句不设问 高考完形填 空题型特点 1 以叙为主 叙议结合 2 篇章短小 意义完整 3 首句完整 主题明确 4 结构清晰 层次分明 5 考查语境 侧重辨析 6 实词为主 虚词为辅 英语韩国语法语日语德语葡萄牙语西班牙语阿拉伯语 瑞典语南非荷兰语捷克语泰语越南语中文世界语塞尔维亚语 第 2 页 共 80 页 7 逻辑推理 隐于语篇 8 常识语法 每年出现 完型填空 之能力训练目标 1 词语辨析能力 2 语法结构分析能力 3 语篇理解能力 4 逻辑推理能力 5 文化背景透析能力 6 作者意图剖析能力 8 生活常识综合运用能力 二 考生易失分之处 1 忽视行文逻辑 断章取义 就题论题 2 脱离语境 滥用固定搭配 3 缺乏必要的生活常识和不了解中西文化的差异 做题三忌 急于求成 未通读全文便忙于答题 不了解文意 无整体概念边读边填 两眼 忙于空 白与选项之间 欲速则不达 只抠字眼 语法 不顾文意 抓不住关键 断章取义 就题论题 不管前后联系 互不照应 前后矛盾 三 做题三步法方法 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第2页 共27页 2 四 巧解完形填空 高分技巧 1 研究首尾 找主题 第 3 页 共 80 页 2 上下联系 寻信息 3 左顾右盼 找搭配 4 思前想后 觅逻辑 5 语境分析 辨词义 6 集中精力 破难题 7 回读检查 补漏洞 1 提高阅读能力 速度 理解 2 打好语法基础 固定搭配 3 扩充词汇量 动词 名词 4 增长生活常识 培养广泛的兴趣爱好 5 多做多练 以提高实战能力 How to get high scores 1 正确的答题步骤2 必要的答题技巧 3 适量的实践训练 九大方法巧解完形 一 利用首句来解题 根据全文来选择 I did very badly at school My headmaster thought I was 36 and when I was 14 he said 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第3页 共27页 3 You re never going to be 37 anything but a failure A bright B useless C simple D hopeful 二 根据上下文语境 合理推断来解题 Our father was a struggling lawyer but I always knew he was 37 He never criticized us but 第 4 页 共 80 页 used 38 to bring out our best 37 A strict B honest C special D learned 38 A help B peace C smile D praise Practice His big stomach has always ballooned out between his T shirt and trousers Although his family often 43 about that Ed refused to buy a 44 T shirt or to lose weight 43 A cared B forgot C quarreled D joked 44 A clean B straight C larger D darker 三 利用语篇标志解题 三找 常见的标志性的词语有以下几种 结构层次 firstly secondly thirdly 逻辑关系 thus therefore so 递进关系 besides what s more further 转折关系 but while however on the other hand等 She told the front desk clerk she had had a n 41 vacation but was heart broken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had not yet developed A disappointing B wonderful C uncomfortable D important 1 找逻辑关系题 转折 让步 解释 对立 因果 并列 总分 递进 2 找NOT题 在原文中找not 句式结构 前面肯定后面否定 前面否定后面肯定 则选对立关系的词 考点 以下条件缺一不可 考查的是一个肯定句和否定句之间的逻辑关系 空前后必须是独立的句子 出题位置在两个句子之间或第二个句子的开头 不能处在一个句子的末尾或中间 第 5 页 共 80 页 选项中必须要有对立关系的词 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第4页 共27页 4 3 找AND题 在原文中找and 考点 and前后选同义词 词性一致 and前后选同一范围词 and前后句子对应成分相同 在文章中 并列关系词前后如果出题 利用已知关系解题 3 找同现复现原则 Liumei is among the 22 ones The Chinese Univer sity of Hong Kong granted 答应给 Liu a full scholarship HK 500 000 Not all students are so fortunate 22 A poor B smart C lucky D silent Friendship is one of the permanent themes in the literature of all language Some of us like 2 friends while others like different friends Personally I prefer both Having similar friends has many advantages 2 A true B right C same D similar 四 根据逻辑推理解题 and the officers then began to eat their meal saying that the mushrooms had a very strange quite pleasant taste A besides B but C and D or 五 根据常识和文化背景的角度来选择 The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world 36 Owning springs 第 6 页 共 80 页 and streams sometimes means control particularly in the 37 areas like the desert A dry B distant C deserted D wild 六 从语法角度来解题 I went into a caf and asked for a coffee 21 I was waiting for my drink I realized that there were other people in the place but I sensed 22 loneliness 讲 义资料 成功在于执着 第5页 共27页 5 A Before B Since C Although D While Have you ever shouted at a teacher told someone you were lonely or said you were in love and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut 23 A wished B hoped C blamed D shared 解题思路 利用语法分析解题 选项中的动词都是过去式 其后句宾语从句had ke pt是 过去完成时 故判断是虚拟 七 从惯用法和固定搭配方面来解题 1 He was only fourteen and was not good at swimming 1 So he shouldn t have gone into that place 1 A after all B in all C at all D for all 八 从词语辨析的角度来解题 When two weeks later I 38 this same boy I was more aware of my position in Nigerian society I should 9 enjoy this country as the son of a minister A ran after B ran into C ran over D ran to 九 同义近义复现来解题 I believe that a mixture of friends is equally advantageous One can 7 from various sorts of friends in three aspects First frequent contacts with different friends broaden my world outlooks Just as various kinds of nutriments keep you healthy making a 8 of friends keep you lively Secondly I have found that different friends can not only lead to 第 7 页 共 80 页 new adventures but also show me new avenues to success in life 7 A obtain B benefit C suffer D earn 8 A range B series C quantity D variety 完型填空实战四招 抓首 抓住首句 预测全文 完形填空所选短文多没有标 题 但一般首句是一个不设空 或较简单 的完整的句子 往往用以点明短文 的体裁 如议论 说明或叙述等 因此 我们在解题时一定要注意以首句的时态 语 态及表述方式为立足点 来进行逻辑思维 判断文章体裁 找出文章中心 捕眼 捕捉题眼 寻找契机 讲 义资料 成功在于执着 第6页 共27页 6 所谓 题眼 就是指那些在短文中起 重要作用的关键词以及能够帮助我们解决问题问题的特定的语 境 捕捉题眼 就是要迅速找到语篇中的特殊的内在联系 那些表示因果 递进 转折 指代等意义的连 接词及动词 形容词 副词 同位语等 还有那些明确具体的事实 如时间 地点 人物 形状 色彩 顺 序 以及它们之间的关系等 跳身 避难就易 节省时间 在解题过程中 我们应 该遵循 先易后难 的原则 遇到少数疑难问题时不可徘徊不前 为了不影响做题 速度 我们可以暂时跳过难点 去解决那些靠上下文能确定的 比较直接具体的问题 或许在上文中难以判 断的题在下文中就有暗示或明确的表示 或许一个在前面不能解的题在填出了另一 空后会令你豁然开朗 一 般说来 固定词组 习惯搭配 常见句型及明显的语法结构等易于判断 扫尾 复读全文 解决残敌 到了这时 借助已经补全的空白 我们应该对全文有了更清楚的 理解 可以集中解决所遗留的少数疑难问 题 如采用排除法逐步缩小包围圈等方法 对于实在无从下手的个别题目 我们则完 全可以凭语感来确定 把几个选项逐一放在空格内念两遍 哪个念起来顺口 舒服就选哪个 注意 凭语 感选定的答案不要轻 易改动 因为最初的感觉很可能是正确的 在各空都已填出后 再复读全文 我们必须重视这最后的弥补疏漏 改正错误的扫尾 机会 以争取最好成 绩 真题实战演练 2011 全国新课标卷 完形填空 共20小题 每小题1 5分 满分30分 In our discussion with people on how education can help them succeed in life a woman remembered the first meeting of an introductory 36 同义复现 cour se about 20 years ago 记 叙文 回忆 人物 时间 事件education 第 8 页 共 80 页 The professor 37 the lecture hall placed upon his desk a large jar filled with dried beans 豆 and invited the students to 38 同义复现 how many bea ns the jar contained After 39 shouts of wildly wrong guesses the professor smiled a thin dry smile announced the 40 answer 与前面wrong 相对应 and went on saying You have ju st 41 an important lesson about science That is Never 42 your own senses Twenty years later the 43 上文提到的人物 could guess what the professor had in mind He 44 himself perhaps as inviting his students to start an exciting 45 概括的是答讲义资料 成功在于执着 第7页 共27页 7 案 i nto an unknown world invisible 无形的 to the 46 which can be di scovered only through scientific 47 But the seventeen year old girl could not accept or 顺接关系 even 48 the invitation She was just 49 to understand the world And she 50 that her firsthand experience could be the 51 The professor however 与小女孩的观点相反的said th at it was 52 与51相 对 he was taking away her only 53 for knowing and was providing he r with no substitute I remember feeling small and 54 找and the women says and I di d the only thing I could do I 55 the course that afternoon and I haven t gone near science since 找否定词 36 A art B history C science D math 37 A searched fo B looked at C got through D marched into 38 A count B guess C report D watch 39 A warning B giving C turning away D listening to 40 A ready B possible C correct D difficult 41 A learned B prepared C taught D taken 42 A lose B trust C sharpen D show 43 A lecturer B scientist C speaker D woman 第 9 页 共 80 页 44 A described B respected C saw D served 45 A voyage B movement C change D rush 46 A professor B eye C knowledge D light 47 A model B senses C spirit D methods 48 A hear B make C present D refuse 49 A suggesting B beginning C pretending D waiting 50 A believed B doubted C proved D explained 51 A growth B strength C faith D truth 52 A firm B interesting C wrong D acceptable 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第8页 共27页 8 53 A task B tool C success D connection 54 A cruel B proud C frightened D brave 55 A dropped B started C passed D missed 要点综述 本文是记叙文 二十年前 在第一节理科实验课上 一位教授做了一 个实验 这个实验告诉 学生们 不要相信自己的判断 正是这个实验让一位妇女以后远离了理科 36 C 联系下文an important lesson about science我们知道 这是一节理科 实验课 37 D 从空后的placed upon his desk a large jar filled with 我们可以 知道 老师走进了教室 38 B 联系空后的how many beans the jar contained我们可以知道 教授让学 生们猜一下 这个坛子能装多 少豆子 39 D 联系空后的shouts of wildly wrong guesses我们知道 学生们喊出了各 种错误的推测 教授听了他们 喊出的答案 40 C 联系空前的announced和空后的answer我们知道 教授向学生们公布了正确 答案 41 A 联系空后的an important lesson about science我们知道 教授认为他 们学到了一堂非常重要的理科课 第 10 页 共 80 页 程 42 B 学生们的推测都是错误的 因此教授说 不要相信你们的意识 43 D 联系下文But the seventeen year old girl could not accept 我们 知道 这个妇女能够推测教授心里是怎 么想的 44 C 前文有提示 The professor 37 marched into the lecture hall 由此我们可以得出答案 45 A 联系空后的into the unknown world我们知道 教授的目的是带学生们进 行一次激动人心的知识旅行 46 B 联系后文which can be discovered only through scientific 47 me thod 我们知道 这个世界是眼睛看不到 的 只有通过科学方法才可以看到 47 D 联系前文的invisible to the eye我们知道 这个世界只有通过科学的方 法才可以看到 48 A 联系空前的could not accept我们知道 她不能接受 甚至听到这个邀请 or在这里表达前后为顺接 关系 因此其他选项可以排除 49 B 联系前文的the seventeen year old girl我们可以推断 这个小女孩年 龄很小 只是刚刚开始认识这个 世界 50 A 空后的her firsthand experience could be the 51 truth 是她的 认识 因此我们选believed 51 D 联系前文我们知道 教授想告诉学生的是第一手经验并不一定是事情的真相 我们要通过科学实验 来验证真相 但是小女孩的想法与之相反 52 C 联系前文我们可以知道 教授认为小女孩认识世界的方式是错误的 53 B 显然空前提到的her first hand experience就是她认识世界的工具 54 C 联系下文的haven t gone near science since我们知道 她对理科产生 了恐惧 55 A 联系空后的haven t gone near science since我们知道 那天下午她就 放弃了理科 D有一定干扰性 miss意思是 错过 因此可以排除 高考英语完型填空实战演练二 共20小题 每小题1 5分 满分30分 第 11 页 共 80 页 Sometimes people call each other scared cat but have you ever thought about this expression When a cat is frightened its heart starts beating faster its muscles get tense and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood stream Although the cat doesn t 16 this its body is getting ready for action 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第9页 共27页 9 If the danger continues this animal will do one of the two things It will 17 itself or it will run away as fast as it can 18 when people are excited angry scared or aroused by other emotions our bodies also go through many 19 changes Our hearts beat faster and our muscles get tense All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react We too get ready to defend ourselves 20 run Human beings 21 have a problem that animals never face If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 we can get into trouble Have you ever said something in anger or hit somebody and regretted it later Have you ever shouted at a teacher told someone you were lonely or said you were in love and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut It isn t always 24 to express your feelings freely Does this mean that it s smarter always to 25 our feelings No If you 26 feelings of anger sadness and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside your body stays 27 Physical illnesses can develop It can actually be 28 for your health Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside don t just 29 It s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard You might not be able to see them but 30 you d smell them And if you opened the cupboard you d 31 little fruit flies hovering 盘旋 all over them They d be rotten You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard You can 33 第 12 页 共 80 页 they don t exist but they ll still be 34 And at last you ll have to 35 them Just like those bananas 16 A mind B admit C realize D remember 17 A save B help C defend D hide 18 A Truly B Frequently C Similarly D Differently 19 A chemical B physical C health D ill 20 A and B or C but D yet 21 A therefore B but C besides D however 22 A take off B take on C take over D take up 23 A wished B hoped C blamed D shared 24 A useful B right C easy D wise 25 A handle B hurt C hide D prevent 26 A keep B find C control D let 27 A relaxed B tense C same D different 讲 义资料 成功在于执着 第10页 共27页 10 28 A good B harmful C helpful D useful 29 A go away B go on C go up D go out 30 A long before B as usual C before long D right away 31 A meet B observe C catch D see 32 A as if B just as C just after D even though 33 A pretend B expect C decide D assume 34 A in B around C over D beyond 35 A eat up B deal with C throw away D send out 第 13 页 共 80 页 Sometimes people call each other scared cat but have you ever thought about this expression When a cat is frightened its heart starts beating faster its muscles get tense and there are changes in the chemicals in its blood stream Although the cat doesn t 16 this its body is getting ready for action If the danger continues this animal will do one of the two things It will 17 itself or it will run away as fast as it can 16 A mind B admit C realize D remember 解题思路 题眼法 代入法 捕捉题眼 寻找契机 所谓 题眼 就是解题线索 就是那些原句中出现的 对解 题起重 要暗示作用的关键词 找准关键词语 有时题干中带有对解题起着关键作用的词语 如果能迅 速找准这些词语 再结合各选项的意义和特点 就能很快选出正确答案 17 A save B help C defend D hide 解题思路 没有同义复现或固定搭配 考虑概括的是解 并列结构法 根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如 and also or或逗号 等 它们 的提点是and前后的成分结构相似 意义相关 再做出准确判断 18 when people are excited angry scared or aroused by other emotions our bodies also go through many 19 changes Our hearts beat faster and our muscles get tense All of these changes make us more alert and ready to react We too get ready to defend ourselves 20 run 18 A Truly B Frequently C Similarly D Differently 第 14 页 共 80 页 解题思路 前后呼应法 代入法 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第11页 共27页 11 前后呼应法 做完形填空要始终抓住文章本身 联系 双语境 判断做题 即大语 境 全文中心和基调 小语境 空格前后所构成的语意环境 再根据前有伏笔 后有 呼应的思 路做题 句群 段落 篇章等 语篇与语篇之间往往有表明其内在联系的词语 这些词语被 称为 语 篇标志 如表示结构层次的语篇标志语有 firstly secondly thirdly finally 等 表示逻辑关系的语篇标志语有 thus therefore so等 表示改变话题的语篇标志语有 by the way等 表示递进关系的语篇标志语有 besides what s more further等 表示时间关系的语篇标志语有 before so far yet meanwhile lat er等 19 A chemical B physical C health D ill 解题思路 摆脱思维定势 排除 陷阱 chemical 后提示句Our hearts beat faster and our muscles get tense 都是physical 20 A and B or C but D yet 解题思路 与前面句子It will 17 itself or it will run away as fas t as it can 同义复现 同义复现 是英语中常见的一种现象 为强调某一意思 但又不想重复使用某个词 文 中前后两处会使用一组同义词或同义词组 由于在完形填空题中 这两个同义词的 位置多半 比较靠近 很容易找到 无须过多推理 只须确定相同的是哪个意思 然后找出选 项中与之 相符的一项即可 Human beings 21 have a problem that animals never face If we give way to our feelings and let them 22 we can get into trouble Have you ever said something in anger or hit somebody and regretted it later Have you ever shouted at a teacher told someone you were 第 15 页 共 80 页 lonely or said you were in love and then 23 later you had kept your mouth shut It isn t always 24 to express your feelings freely 21 A therefore B but C besides D however 解题思路 转折特点 but转折法 文中一出现 but Although though however wh ile 等词 应该马上想 到前后语意有转折 只要知道其中一方的语意 就可以反向推出另一方的意思 从 而解题 完形填空题中 but一词后多半会设题 所以 大家在考试时 只要看到but就做一 个标记 遇到类似but这样表转折的词也同样处理 这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据 22 A take off B take on C take over D take up 讲义 资料 成功在于执着 第12页 共27页 12 解题思路 and并列结构法 give way to的同义词let take 23 A wished B hoped C blamed D shared 解题思路 利用语法分析解题 选项中的动词都是过去式 其后句宾语从句had ke pt是 过去完成时 故判断是虚拟 24 A useful B right C easy D wise 解题思路 后暗示法 smarter的近义词是 利用暗示和对应解题 虽然重点是对语法 短语和词的辨析 句子结构的考查 但 对文 章故事情节发展线索的逻辑考查仍是重点 暗示与上下对应的思维方法 是突破此 类完形填 空最关键的思维方式 Does this mean that it s smarter always to 25 our feelings No If you 26 feelings of anger sadness and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside your body stays 27 Physical illnesses can develop It can actually be 28 for your health 第 16 页 共 80 页 25 A handle B hurt C hide D prevent 解题思路 同义复现法 26 A keep B find C control D let 解题思路 利用语法分析解题 动词 可以带宾补hidden away or bottled up inside 27 A relaxed B tense C same D different 解题思路 跨段落篇章复现tense 查找文章多处反复复现概念的已知词 复现可以是相同的词在文章的不同地方重复 出现 复现的解题意义在于 如果判断出一个未知填空与上下文的那些已知词汇有复现关 系 只要 从选项中选出与那些词汇意义相同的就是正确答案 28 A good B harmful C helpful D useful 解题思路 利用关联成分 将illnesses设置成已知 另一个是未知的 这样那个 已知的 词语便成为破解未知词语的关键线索 illnesses会对health Feelings that you keep all bottled up inside don t just 29 It s like you bought some bananas and stuck them in a cupboard You might not be able to see them but 30 you d smell them And if you opened the cupboard you d 31 little fruit flies hovering 盘旋 all over them They d be rotten 29 A go away B go on C go up D go out 讲义 资料 成功在于执着 第13页 共27页 13 解题思路 看清上下文 找准定位词 充分利用文章的上下文和前后句 找到对选择有提示作用的词或句 go 看看文章中动词都与哪些副词或介词搭配成动词短语 It will 17 itself or it will run away as fast as it can No If you 26 feelings of anger sadness and bitterness hidden away or bottled up inside your body stays 27 第 17 页 共 80 页 30 A long before B as usual C before long D right away 解题思路 利用语法分析解题 but 30 you d smell them 句中的 d wo uld是过去将 来时 in no time by and by in a flash before long soon是将来时的时间状 语 表示 很快 而 right away right now quickly at once immediately则不受限制 31 A meet B observe C catch D see 解题思路 利用语法分析解题 you d 31 little fruit flies hovering 盘旋 all over them A meet B observe C catch D see little fruit flies hover ing 盘旋 You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard You can 33 they don t exist but they ll still be 34 And at last you ll have to 35 them Just like those bananas 32 A as if B just as C just after D even though 解题思路 利用语法分析解题 You can try to treat emotions 32 they were bananas in the cupboard 是虚拟句 33 A pretend B expect C decide D assume 解题思路 抉择于A pretend 和D assume之间 exist 绝对相近法 它是从选项着手分析的 若四个选项中有两个选项绝对矛盾 相近和 对立 那么正确选项大多在这两个对立项之间产生 二者必居其一 至于究竟是两者中的 哪一个 则需进一步根据上下文的语境判断 注意固定的搭配 包括动词与介词的搭配 动 词与名词 的搭配以及形容词与名词的搭配等 同时要根据内容选择正确的短语 34 A in B around C over D beyond 第 18 页 共 80 页 解题思路 exist be there there in around Over beyond 35 A eat up B deal with C throw away D send out 解题思路 容易错选C throw away 概括的是解 16 20 CCCBB 21 25 DCADC 26 30ABBAC 31 35 DAABB 讲义资料 成功在于执着 第14页 共27页 14 高考英语完型填空实战演练二 共20小题 每小题1 5分 满分30分 Anna arrived far too early Usually she left things to the last minu te 16 today was a very special occasion It was almost 17 by getting there an hour beforehand that she 18 to cause the plane to arrive sooner 19 raced through her mind Do I loo k all right Will he notice that I m wearing a 20 trouser suit Will he even 21 me After all it was a year almost to the day since she had 22 seen Joe She fished a 23 out of her handbag and inspected her face Too much make up Joe had 24 made any comment but she knew that he d id not approve of 赞 成 heavy make up gilding the lily he 25 it It was funny how much importance she attached to 26 a good impression on him After all friends do not judge each other by 27 All the same it was the first meeting after a long separation and she wanted everything to 28 right Looking out of the window Joe 29 a first glimpse through a break in the 30 of the town far below Certainly it was very flattering that they had 31 him to be the guest lecturer at their Autumn Congress yet again The Chairman of the Organizing Comm ittee as a matter of Courtesy 礼貌 had 32 to meet him at the airport as he had do