高三英语 阅读复习第三期 科普知识与现代技术1(1).doc

2014年高三英语 阅读复习第三期 科普知识与现代技术1【导读】科学家发现3500年前的奶酪，你会很震惊吧！even the most high-brow aged cheese has nothing on this: researchers have found the worlds oldest cheese buried in the tombs of chinese mummies (木乃伊).researchers who made the discovery say that the cheese dates back to 1615 b.c., reports usa today. it was found in the tombs at small river cemetery number 5, located in northwest china, which was first discovered by swedish archaeologists in the 1930s.the mummies were found laid to rest in large boats, and then wrapped tightly in cowhide（牛皮）. researchers were puzzled to find that many of the mummies had clumps(团；块)draped on their necks and chests. after testing, the clumps were found to be mummified cheese. it is still unknown as to why the bodies were buried with food.chemist andrej shevchenko from germanys max planck institute of molecular cell biology and genetics says that the method used to make the cheese was easy, cheap its a technology for the common people. the cheese (and the mummies) was prevented from decaying thanks to the dry air of the desert and high salt levels in the soil, combined with the vacuum-packed effect of wrapping the burial boats in cowhide.cheese-making was not uncommon in the ancient world, reports discovery. cheese was made in europe in the 6th millennium b.c. and was ordinary in egypt and mesopotamia in 3rd millennium b.c., but no remains of cheese had been found before now due to cheeses quick breakdown rate.【文章大意】本文围绕着在中国发现了世界上最早的奶酪展开话题，介绍了相关的研究和解释。【篇章结构】段落关键词大意猜测p1found the worlds oldest cheese发现最早的奶酪p2-3dates back to 1615 b.c ；laid to rest in large boats, and then wrapped tightly in cowhide；many of the mummies had clumps最早奶酪的情况p4-5the method used to make the cheese was easy, cheap；the cheese (and the mummies) was prevented from decaying thanks to ；not uncommon in the ancient world相关研究【信息提取】1.the oldest cheese found in _.a. china b. egypt c. mesopotamia d. america2. from the passage we can learn _.a. the mummies were laid in large roomsb. the mummies were wrapped loosely in cowhidec. many of the mummies had clumps draped on their necks and headsd. why the bodies were buried with food is unknown3.what does the underlined word probably mean?a. going bad b. getting hard c. becoming dark d. turning green4. what does the passage mainly talk about?a. the oldest mummies in the world.b. the oldest cheese in the world.c. how does the oldest cheese remain.d. cheese-making common in the ancient world【解析】1.a 细节理解题。根据首段中researchers have found the worlds oldest cheese buried in the tombs of chinese mummies (木乃伊).可知答案。2. d 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句it is still unknown as to why the bodies were buried with food.可知答案。3. a 猜测词义题。根据下文thanks to the dry air of the desert and high salt levels in the soil, combined with the vacuum-packed effect of wrapping the burial boats in cowhide.可知多亏了这些条件，再结合prevent from doing“阻止。以免”所以推断词义为“腐烂”。4. a主旨大意题。本文是围绕着在中国发现了最古老的奶酪展开的。【词汇扩充】1.discovery n.发现，发觉he knows that he had made a real discovery.他知道他已经发现了一件真正的珍品。（make a real discovery 发现了一件真正的珍品）the discovery of distillation is usually accredited to the arabs of the 11th century.通常认为，蒸馏法是阿拉伯人在11世纪发明的。2. located adj.坐落的，位于的the new college will be located in the suburbs.这所新建的学院将设在郊区。a small town located 30 miles south of chicago位于芝加哥以南30英里的一个小镇3. wrap vt.包； 缠绕； 用包裹youd better wrap it with a piece of clean cloth.你最好用一块干净的布把它包起来。make sure you wrap up in the cold wind.冷风中，你一定要穿暖。mind you wrap up well if you go out.你出外的话要围好围巾。you can wrap the skirt around your waist.你可以把裙子围在腰间。4. ancient adj.古代的，已往的； 古老的they believed ancient greece and rome were vital sources of learning.他们认为古代希腊罗马是知识的重要发源地。a few acres of ancient woodland.几英亩古老的林地【长难句分析】1.researchers who made the discovery say who made the discovery【句意】这个发现的研究者说奶酪追溯到公元前1615年。【分析】who made the discovery是定语从句修饰先行词researcher。say后的宾语从句是who made the discovery2. researchers were puzzled to find that many of the mummies had clumps(团；块)draped on their necks and chests.【句意】研究者感到很疑惑：发现许多木乃伊脖子上和胸部都挂有一些块状物。【分析】to find that many of the mummies had clumps做状语；draped on their necks and chests.是过去分词短语作定语。【语法点滴】过去分词和现在分词做状语的区别1.现在分词做定语时,位置不定，如果是一个现在分词，前置，如果是短语后置。表主动。 t