高中英语 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions Section 1 Warming Up and Reading课件 新人教版选修8.ppt

inventorsandinventions unit3 牵手课堂 wordsandtheirstories grapevine 词汇掌故 小道消息 theamericaninventor samuelf morse islargelyresponsibleforthebirthoftheexpression amongothers heexperimentedwiththeideaoftelegraphy sendingmessagesoverawirebyelectricity whenmorsefinallycompletedhistelegraphicinstrument hewentbeforecongresstoshowthatitworked hesentamessageoverawirefromwashingtontobaltimore themessagewas whathathgodwrought thiswasonmaytwenty fourth eighteenforty four quickly companiesbegantobuildtelegraphlinesfromoneplacetoanother meneverywhereseemedtobeputtinguppoleswithstringsofwireforcarryingtelegraphicmessages theworkmanshipwaspoorandthewireswerenotputupstraight someoftheresultslookedstrange peoplesaidtheylookedlikeagrapevine alargenumberofthetelegraphlinesweregoinginalldirections ascrookedasthevinesthatgrapesgrowon sowasborntheexpression bythegrapevine somewritersbelievethatthephrasewouldsoonhavedisappearedwereitnotfortheamericancivilwar soonafterthewarbeganin1861 militarycommandersstartedtosendbattlefieldreportsbytelegraph peoplebeganhearingthephrasebythegrapevinetodescribefalseaswellastruereportsfromthebattlefield itwaslikeagame wasittrue whosaysso now asinthosefar offcivilwardays gettinginformationbythegrapevineremainssomethingofagame afriendbringsyouabitofstrangenews no yousay itjustcan tbetrue whotoldyou comestheanswer igotitbythegrapevine youreallycannotknowhowmuch ifany oftheinformationthatcomestoyoubythegrapevineistrueorfalse still inthewordsofanoldamericansaying thepersonwhokeepspullingthegrapevineshakesdownatleastafewgrapes section warmingupandreading 栏目导航 readthetextandmatchthemainideawitheachparagraph part para 1 a thediscoveryoftheproblemofthesnakes part para 2 3 b therequirementofgettingapatent part para 4 6 c theresearchontheapproachestosolvetheproblem part para 7 8 d theattemptstocatchthesnakes a c d b scanthetextandchoosethebestansweraccordingtothetext 1 thepurposeofthetextis a toshowushowtotrapthesnakeswithoutkillingthemb totellpeoplehowtoapplyforapatentofthewriter snewideac tointroducethewriter snewideaoftrappingthesnakesandherapplicationforapatentd totellthereadershowtogetanewideaandmakeitapatent答案 c 2 thewriterwassuccessfultocatchthesnakesin a thethirdattemptb thesecondwayc thefirsttryd everymethod答案 a3 howdidthewritercatchthesnakes a usingsomethingthesnakeswereinterestedtoattractthemintoatrap b takingtheirhabitattoanotherplace c placingthesnakesatlowtemperatureforthemtosleepandthencaughtthem d usingapoletoleadthesnaketoanarrowhole 答案 c 4 whydidcoolingthesnakesmakethemlessactive a becausesnakesarewarm bloodedanimals b becausesnakeslikehightemperature c becausesnakesarecold bloodedanimalsandtheyusuallyhibernate 冬眠 inwinter d becausesnakesareafraidofcoldconditions 答案 c 5 whichstatementistrueaccordingtothetext a thesnakesweresosleepyinthesecondattemptthattheycouldn tbitethewriteratall b yourproductmustbedifferentfromeverybodyelse sifyouwanttoreceiveapatent c thewriterdecidedtosendherinventiontothepatentofficethemomentshesucceededincatchingthesnakes d ifanapplicationforyourproductprovestobevalid youcangetapatentimmediately 答案 b completethefollowingpassagewiththewordsinbracketsintheirproperformsorthewordsfromthetext whenicalledupmymother shetoldmesnakescamenearthehousenowandthenandthesnakesseemed1 make homethere herewasachanceforme2 distinguish myselfbyinventingsomething3 mercy thatwouldcatchsnakes itriedtofindsomeproductsthatmighthelpme butthereonlyseemedtobepowders4 design tokillsnakes isetabout5 research thehabitsofsnakes 6 prepare withsomeresearchfindings idecidedonthreepossible7 approach tohavemade todistinguish merciful designed researching prepared approaches laterichosethelastonetocoolthesnakessothattheywouldbecomesleepyandcouldbeeasilycaught mythirdattemptwassuccessful icarriedinmyhandasmallnetinthe8 expect thatthesnakeswouldbiteagain but9 monitor carefully thesnakesprovedtobenotrouble icollectedthepassivesnakesandthenextdaywe10 merry releasedthemallbackintothewild expectation monitored merrily point distinguishvi vt 显示 的差别 使 有所不同 辨别 考点一单词点击 distinguishoneself as 作为 表现突出 使自己与众不同 使自己成名distinguishbetween and 区分 辨别 和 distinguish from 使 有别于 使 具有区别于 的特征distinguishoneselfby 某人因 而突出 herewasachanceformetodistinguishmyselfbyinventingsomethingmercifulthatwouldcatchsnakesbutnotharmthem 教材p20 这次我有机会来表现一下自己了 我要发明某种仁慈的东西 既可以把蛇捉住 而又不会伤害它们 atwhatagearechildrenabletodistinguishbetweenrightandwrong 儿童到什么年龄才能明辨是非 peoplewhocannotdistinguishbetweencolorsaresaidtobecolorblind 不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲 themandistinguisheshimselfbyhiswisdom 这个人因他的才智而扬名 distinguishedadj 卓越的 著名的 高贵的bedistinguishedfor 因 而出名 thechinesenationisdistinguishedforitsdiligenceandcourage 中华民族以勤劳勇敢著称 单句语法填空 1 thebookmainlydealswiththetroubleteensmighthave distinguish rightfromwrong 解析 句意 这本书主要涉及青少年可能有的明辨是非的困扰 此复合句中 trouble作主句的宾语和定语从句的先行词 定语从句省略了that havetrouble in doingsth 做某事有困难 2 yaomingwasagreatbasketballplayer buthe sdistinguished anevenbetterperson 解析 句意 姚明是一个伟大的篮球运动员 但他更作为一个好人而闻名 in distinguishing for point convenientadj 便利的 方便的 就近的 theyabruptlydisappearedintoaconvenientholeinthewall 教材p20 它们突然一下子就消失在附近的墙洞里去了 1 beconvenientfor 对 是方便的itisconvenientforsb todosth 某人做某事方便 2 conveniencen 方便 便利 便利设施forconvenience为了方便 起见 forone sconvenience fortheconvenienceofsb 为了某人的方便atsb sconvenience 某人认为 方便 合适时 willitbeconvenientforyoutostartworktomorrow 你明天开始工作方便吗 ourschoolisconvenientfor tothestation 我们学校离车站很近 ifitisconvenientfor toyou we llcometomorrow 如果你方便的话 我们就明天来吧 itisveryconvenienttopaybycreditcard 用信用卡付款非常方便 单句语法填空 1 let sgotoseethefilmlostandlovewhenitis convenience foryou 单句改错 2 woulditbeconvenienttoyoutoleavetomorrow convenient for point cautionn 谨慎 小心 警告vt 警告 告诫 提醒 thistimewithgreatcautionibentdowntoexaminethesnakesandifoundthemverysleepy 教材p20 这一次我小心翼翼地蹲下去检查的时候 发现蛇正在犯困 anotherpartofthebodythatneededspecialcautionwastheeyes 另一个要特别小心的身体部位就是眼睛了 withcaution小心地 谨慎地cautionsb not todosth against doing sth 警告某人 不要 做某事 thenursewastoldthatthepatientneededtobetreatedwithcaution cautiously 护士被告知这个病人需要谨慎地对待 samcautionedhimagainstmaking nottomakeahastydecision 萨姆告诫他不要草率做出决定 1 cautiousadj 小心的 谨慎的becautiousabout with 对 很小心becautioustodosth 小心做某事 2 cautiouslyadv 谨慎地 单句语法填空 1 weareadvisedtobe caution aboutmakingfriendsontheinternet 解析 becautiousabout对 谨慎 2 wemustbecautious handle theproblem 解析 becautioustodosth小心做某事 cautious tohandle point expectationn 预料 期待 期望 beyondexpectation出乎意料 超出预期in the expectationof预料 期望 指望come liveuptoone sexpectations达到某人预期 thiswasintheexpectationthatthesnakeswouldbiteagain 教材p21 我预料蛇会再咬人 weknewthatmarywoulddowell butshehassucceededbeyondexpectation 我们知道玛丽会做得不错 但没想到她竟取得了出乎意料的成功 wewaitedatthestationinexpectationofherarrival 我们在车站等着 期待她的到来 iusuallyenjoyhisfilms butthelatestonedidn tliveuptomyexpectations 我向来喜欢看他的电影 但最近的一部并不像我期望的那样好 expect sb todosth 期望 某人 做某事expectsth tobedone期望某事被做expect that clause itisexpected that clause期望 expectsth of fromsb 要求 指望某人 单句语法填空 1 butonestudent sremarkimpressedmemost itis expectation butitiswithinunderstanding 解析 句意 但有一个同学的一句话让我印象非常深刻 意料之外 却又在情理之中 beyondexpectation出乎意料 2 ourexpectationis weshouldbethere infact weshouldhavegottentherealongtimeago 解析 句意 然而我们的期待是我们应该到达那里 实际上 我们应该早就到达那里 that引导表语从句 说明主语的内容 beyond that 3 whenifirstleftmyhometown ipromisedmyfatherthatinfouryearsiwouldliveup theirexpectations thatiwouldneverletthemdown 解析 liveuptoone sexpectations不辜负某人的期望 to 考点二短语诠释 point callup给 打电话 使 回忆起 征召 入伍 叫醒 whenicalledupmymotherinthecountrysideonthetelephoneshewasveryupset 教材p20 当我给乡下的妈妈打电话时 她感到很心烦 musiccancalluppeople sfeelingsandexperiences 音乐可以唤起人们的某些情感和经历 iwascalledupthreemonthsafterthewarbrokeout 战争爆发三个月后 我被征召入伍 thedoctorwascalleduptwiceduringthenighttoattendurgentcases 夜里医生两次被叫醒去看急诊病人 callback召唤某人回来 再访 回电话callfor需要 要求 接 人或物 callin邀请 请来 收回callon拜访 某人 号召callat拜访 某地 callout大声地喊 叫出来calloff取消 heisill youshouldcallinthedoctorrightaway 他病了 你应该立即请大夫来 hedecidedtocalloffhisregularpressconference 他决定取消他的定期记者招待会 单句语法填空 1 thesmelloftheseacalled memoriesofherchildhood 解析 callup使回忆 2 thegamewascalled becauseofbadweather 解析 calloff取消 3 call thenumberssothatwecanhearthemattheback 解析 callout大声地喊 叫 up off out 4 whydon tyoucall mysisterwhenyou reinbrighton 解析 callon拜访 某人 5 i llcall youat8o clockandwe llgotheretogether 解析 callforsb 接 人 6 carswithseriousfaultshavebeencalled bythemanufacturers 解析 callin收回 召回 on for in point nowandthen偶尔 有时 snakescomenearthehousenowandthen 教材p20 蛇时不时地爬到屋子附近 istillclimbthefujimountaineverynowandthen 我现在还偶尔爬爬富士山 ihavebeenknowntomakeacarelesserroreverynowandthen 大家都知道我总是时不时犯些粗心的错误 表示 有时 不时 偶尔 的短语还有 fromtimetotimeonceinawhilesometimesoccasionallyattimes shegoestotakecareofhergrandmotherfromtimetotime 她隔三差五地去照顾她的奶奶 iwatchedthingschangeandmadeobservationseveryonceinawhile 我观察着事物的变化 时不时地提出我的意见 ilikeromances butoccasionallyiwatchactionmovies too 我喜欢爱情片 但偶尔也看看动作片 单句改错 1 thissectionoftheroadisverynarrowthatthereareboundtobetrafficjamsnowandthen 2 playingcomputergameseverynoworthenisaninterestingentertainment butanaddictiontothemwouldsurelydetachpeoplefromtheirtimecommitmenttonormalworkandstudy 解析 句意 偶尔玩一下电子游戏是一种非常好的娱乐方式 但是一旦上瘾就会影响人们正常的学习和工作的时间投入 so and point setaboutsth doingsth setouttodosth 开始 着手 isetaboutresearchingthehabitsofsnakestofindtheeasiestwaytotrapthem 教材p20 于是我就着手研究蛇的习性 以便能找到最容易的方法捉住它们 peoplesetaboutsettinguptheirnewhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment peoplesetouttosetuptheirnewhomeswiththehelpofthegovernment 在政府的帮助下 人们开始创建他们的新家园 setout出发 启程 开始setoff出发 动身 引爆 引发setaside留出 对 不予以考虑setdown记下 写下setup建立 开办 开业 竖立 wesetaboutourtaskatoncewithgreatenthusiasm 我们以极大的热情立即着手这项任务 thateveninghesetaboutwritingareportonpollution 那天晚上 他着手写一篇关于污染的报告 hearingthenews thepoliceimmediatelysetoff outforthespot 听到这个消息 警察立刻动身赶往现场 ihavesetdowneverythingthathashappened 我已经把所发生的一切都记录了下来 用由set构成的短语的适当形式填空 1 we discussingwhenandhowweshouldfinishthetask 2 thesoonerwe setaboutit thesoonerwe llfinishit 3 asatraditionalwaytocelebratethenewyear firecrackersiswelcomedbymostchinesepeople 4 heisusedto hisimportantthoughtsinhisdiary setabout setabout settingoff settingdown 考点三句型归纳 point 状语从句的省略 连词 v ed v ingbetweentheoutsideandtheinsidewallsofthebowlthereissomejelly whichfreezeswhencooled 教材p20 在碗内外侧有一些果冻 冷却时它们冻得很结实 点拨 这里的whencooled相当于whenit thejelly iscooled 过去分词 也包括现在分词 作状语时常常可以和从属连词同时使用 当when while if unless引导的状语从句中的主语与主句的主语相同 或从句主语是it 谓语中包含be时 可将从句中的主语与be省去 用 when while if unless doing done adj prep 结构表示从句内容 whenofferedhelp youshouldsay thankyou or it sverykindofyou whenyouareofferedhelp youshouldsay thankyou or it sverykindofyou 当你被提供了帮助时 你应该说 谢谢你 或 你真是太好了 youmustbecarefulwhencrossingthestreet youmustbecarefulwhenyouarecrossingthestreet 你过街时要小心 seenfromthehill thecityisbeautiful if whenthecityisseenfromthehill thecityisbeautiful 如果 当 从山上看这座城市 它很美 seeingfromthehill youcanseethatthewholecityisbeautiful if whenyouseefromthehill youcanseethatthewholecityisbeautiful 如果 当 你从山上看这座城市 你会发现整座城市很美 单句改错 1 teachersandactors ifcomparingwitheachothercarefully sharemanysimilarities 2 suchknowledgeisstillusefulwhen isappliedtosimilarsituationsinothercountries compared it point therebe句型 thefirstthingididwastoseeiftherewereanyproductsthatmighthelpme butthereonlyseemedtobepowdersdesignedtokillsnakes 教材p20 我所做的第一件事就是看看有没有现成的产品能帮助我 但是 看来只有一种毒杀蛇的药粉 点拨 本句为but连接的两个并列分句 句中thereseemedtobe是therebe句型的变体 表示 似乎有 therebe句型有多种变体 主要有 1 there seem happen appeartobe 主语 其他 2 there stand lie live exist remain 主语 其他 3 there 情态动词 be 主语 其他 4 there usedtobe 主语 其他 5 therebeing 句子 独立主格结构 thereseemedtobesomethingwrongwithmypen 我的钢笔好像有毛病 therehappenedtobeapolicemantherewhenwewereintrouble 当我们身处困境时 碰巧那儿有个警察 therestandsabigtreeinfrontofourbuilding 在我们的大楼前面矗立着一棵大树 thereusedtobeabridgeacrosstheriver 过去有一座桥横跨这条河 therebeingnomilk hewenttothesupermarkettobuysome 由于没有牛奶了 所以他去超市买了一些 单句改错 1 itseemedtobesomethingstrangeatthecomingmeeting 解析 thereseemedtobe 似乎有 2 herelivedanoldmanatthefootofthemountain 解析 therelived 某人 住在 there there point only 状语 引起的部分倒装结构 onlyafteryouhavehadthatrecognitioncanyousaythatyouaretrulyaninventor 教材p21 只有获得了认证 你才可