黑龙江省哈尔滨市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练（2）.doc

黑龙江哈尔滨市2016高考英语阅读理解二轮训练（2）【2015高考复习】阅读理解 one of the most debated issues about alcohol consumption has been the consistent finding that those who dont drink tend to die sooner than those who do.the standard alcoholics anonymous explanation for this finding is this：many of those who give up alcohol are actually former hardcore drunks who had already brought health problems associated with drinking.but a new paper suggests that abstaining(戒除)from alcohol does tend to increase ones risk of dying，even when you leave former problem drinkers out.the most shocking partabstainers(禁酒者)mortality rates(死亡率)are higher than those of heavy drinkers.moderate(适度的)drinking，which is defined as one to three drinks per day，is associated with the lowest mortality rates.moderate alcohol use is thought to improve heart health，circulation and sociability，which can be important because people who are cut off dont have as many family members and friends who can notice and help treat health problems.but why would abstaining from alcohol lead to a shorter life？its true that those who abstain from alcohol tend to be from lower socioeconomic classes，since drinking can be expensive.and people of lower socioeconomic status have more life stressors(压力因素)though heavy drinking is associated with higher risk for many diseases，heavy_drinkers_are_less_likely_to_die_than_dont_drink.one important reason is that alcohol strengthens social interactions，and social interactions are vital for maintaining mental and physical health.nondrinkers show greater signs of depression.the authors of the new paper are careful to note that even if drinking is associated with a longer life，it can be dangerous：it can affect your memory severely and it can lead to falls and other troubles that can affect your life.theres also the dependency issue：if you become addicted to alcohol，you may spend a long time trying to get off the bottle.16what can we know from the alcoholics anonymous explanation and the new paper?athe former finds that abstainers can live longer than heavy drinkers.bthe former finds that nondrinkers can live longer than heavy drinkers.cthe latter finds that healthy abstainers can live shorter than heavy drinkers.dthe latter finds that nondrinkers can live shorter than heavy drinkers.答案c细节推理题。由文章第二段的第一句话“即使不算那些之前喝酒后来戒酒的人，不喝酒也确实会导致死亡率升高”可知，c项正确。17which of the following is the benefit of moderate drinking?ait helps blood circulation.bit helps remove peoples life stressors.cit reduces peoples association with friends.dit can save a lot of money.答案a细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句中的“improve heart health，circulation and sociability”可知，a项正确。18what does the underlined sentence (in para.5)mean?aheavy drinkers can live longer if they give up drinking.bheavy drinkers can live longer even if they dont give up drinking.cthe mortality rate of heavy drinkers is lower if they dont give up drinking.dthe mortality rate of heavy drinkers will be lower if they give up drinking.答案c句意理解题。该句前面说“尽管重度酗酒者犯很多病的几率很大”，该句接下来的两句是对画线句子的解释，“最重要的原因是饮酒可以加强社交联系，这有助于人们的身心健康。因此不喝酒的人更易抑郁。”由此可推断本句的意思是“重度饮酒者不戒酒时死亡率低。”故选c。19it can be learned from the last paragraph that _.athe authors of the new paper support drinkingbpeople should start drinking if wanting to live longercmany people doubt whether drinking is good for health or notddrinking can do harm to peoples life答案d推理判断题。文章最后一段提到尽管喝酒能够让人长寿，但是喝酒也会给人带来一些危害，“it can be dangerous”是中心词，因此d项正确。黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类mosquitoes have an extraordinary ability to target humans far away and fly straight to their unprotected skin. regrettably，mosquitoes can do more than cause an itchy(发痒的）wound. some mosquitoes spread several serious diseases，including dengue，yellow fever and malaria. over one million people worldwide die from these diseases each year. new research now shows how mosquitoes choose who to bite. mosquitoes need blood to survive. they are attracted to human skin and breath. they smell the carbon dioxide gas，which all mammals breathe out. this gas is the main way for mosquitoes to know that a warm-blooded creature is nearby. but mosquitoes also use their eyes and sense of touch. michael dickinson is a professor at the california institute of technology. his research shows how these small insects，with even smaller brains，use three senses to find a blood meal. michael dickinsons team used plumesa material that rises into the air of carbon dioxide gas into a wind tunnel. they then used cameras to record the mosquitoes. the insects followed the plume. then，the scientists placed dark objects on the lighter colored floor and walls of the tunnel. mr. dickinson said，at first，the mosquitoes showed no interest in the objects at all. “what was quite striking and quite surprising is that the mosquitoes fly back and forth for hours. these are hungry females and they completely ignore the objects on the floor and wall of the tunnel. but the moment they get a hit of co2，they change their behavior quite obviously and now would become attracted to these little visual blobs (斑点）.” this suggested to the researchers that a mosquitos sense of smell is more important in the search for food. once mosquitoes catch a smell of a human or animal，they also follow visual signals.【小题1】what do mosquitoes mainly use to find their targets? asense of smell.bsense of touch.csense of sight.dsmart brains.【小题2】the first response of the mosquitoes to the objects in the experiment is. ato fly to the dark onesbto catch and stick to themcto take no notice of themdto attach themselves to them【小题3】how can we avoid being attacked by mosquitoes according to the text ? adont let them see us.buse dark objects to stop them.cmake them fly back and forth for hours.dattract them to objects full of carbon dioxide gas.【小题4】what can be the best title for the text? ahow do mosquitoes survive?bwhy do mosquitoes need blood?chow do mosquitoes choose to bite you?dwhy do mosquitoes attack the human being? 黑龙江省大庆市喇中2016高考英语阅读练习科普环保类the way we cook is important. in many countries, the two sources of heat used for cooking are natural gas or electric stoves. the world health organization(who) warns that millions of people are dying every year from indoor air pollution. the who finds that poor cooking, heating and lighting technologies are killing millions of people each year. indoor air pollution results from the use of dangerous fuels and cook stoves in the home. who officials say nearly three billion people are unable to use clean fuels and technologies for cooking, heating and lighting. and they say more than seven million people die from exposure to indoor or outdoor air pollution each year. of that number, the who says about 4.3 million people die from household air pollution given off by simple biomass(生物燃料）and coal stoves. these findings show that the home use of poisonous fuels is to blame for many of these deaths. these fuels include wood, coal, animal waste and so on. carlos dora is coordinator in the who s department of public health, environmental and social determinants of health. he says people should not use unprocessed coal and kerosene(煤油）fuel indoors. he says opening a window or door to let out the harmful air will not correct the situation. it will only pollute the outdoors. “new technologies and clean fuels can rid people of this problem.” the united nations found that more than 95 percent of families in sub-saharan africa depend on solid fuels for cooking. it says huge populations in india, china and latin american countries, such as guatemala and peru, are also at risk. nigel bruce is a professor of public health at the university of liverpool. he says researchers are developing good stoves and other equipment to burn fuels in a more efficient way.“there are already many technologies for clean fuels available now. an effective and reasonably low-cost ethanol(酒精）stove that is made by dometic (a sweden-based company)is now being tested out. another interesting development is electric induction stoves.” in india, you can buy an induction stove for about $8. and in africa you can buy a solar lamp for less than $1.【小题1】how is paragraph 2 mainly developed? aby making classifications.bby listing numbers.cby following time order.dby describing a process.【小题2】according to carlos dora, what is the best solution to indoor air pollution? apeople should use an effective air cleaner.bpeople should use new technologies and clean fuels.cpeople should open a window or door to let out the harmful air.dpeople should prevent themselves from being exposed to harmful air.【小题3】what can we learn from the passage? amost of the deaths from indoor pollution are in developing countries.bburning solid fuels can help limit indoor air pollution .cpeople can buy ethanol stoves made by dometic in india.dthere are already two technologies for clean fuels available for use.【小题4】which would be the best title for the passage? athe way we cook is changing.bcause of indoor air pollution.cthe development of electric stoves.dindoor air pollution kills millions each year. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。tired of all the pushing in supermarkets? fed up with waiting in endless lines to pay for what you have bought? angry at wasting time in traffic jams only to find no parking spaces when you eventually arrive at the store? if this is you, then online shopping is the answer to your dreams of trouble-free shopping. or is it?online shopping brings its own challenges. here are a few things to bear in mind when browsing (浏览) various websites. the claim made by online sites is that shopping online is a safe and secure way to make purchases. the evidence challenges this. in any case, you only have to be the victim of fraud (诈骗) once to experience all the problems that come with this form of stealing. use only sites that have a trusted history and an excellent reputation.another problem is the appearance of items in reality is often quite different from what you see on your computer screen. this might not be a problem if you are buying washing up powder but could be a major disappointment when that beautiful blue dress you ordered turns up in green. also, product descriptions are sometimes simply untrue. perhaps the wisest plan is to purchase items where design and color are not essential to customer satisfaction.some even argue that online shopping indirectly contributes to global warming. yes, your car can stay parked but how are online goods delivered? often by some large vans pouring out carbon monoxide and adding to our already desperate traffic problems. you are also by now becoming increasingly irritated (使烦恼) by the fact that the delivery is late and you have wasted the leave from work you have taken to receive it!without question, online shopping is here to stay and it has its benefits. however, perhaps it is not as wonderful as some of its supporters claim it to be.36. the author lists several questions in para. 1 to .a. support online shopping b. collect answers from readersc. show his dislike of going shopping d. introduce the topic of the passage【答案】d【解析】推理判断题。根据用这些问题导入本段的主题，故选d。37. by what can online sh