【优化方案】高考英语第二轮专题复习 专题十四 细节理解提分训练.doc

专题十四细节理解(2013高考新课标全国卷，d)the national gallerydescription：the national gallery is the british national art museum built on the north side of trafalgar square in london.it houses a diverse collection of more than 2,300 examples of european art ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to more modern ones by renoir and van gogh.the older collections of the gallery are reached through the main entrance while the more modern works in the east wing are most easily reached from trafalgar square by a ground floor entrancelayout：the modern sainsbury wing on the western side of the building houses 13thto 15thcentury paintings，and artists include duccio，uccello，van eyck，lippi，mantegna，botticelli and memling.the main west wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include leonardo da vinci，cranach，michelangelo，raphael，bruegel，bronzino，titian and veronese.the north wing houses 17thcentury paintings，and artists include caravaggio，rubens，poussin，van dyck，velazquez，claude and vermeer.the east wing houses 18thto early 20thcentury paintings，and artists include canaletto，goya，turner，constable，renoir and van gogh.opening hours：the gallery is open every day from 10am to 6pm (fridays 10am to 9pm) and is free，but charges apply to some special exhibitions.getting there：nearest underground stations：charing cross (2minute walk)，leicester square (3minute walk)，embankment (7minute walk)，and piccadilly circus (8minute walk)68in which centurys collection can you see religious paintings?athe 13th. bthe 17th.cthe 18th. dthe 20th.69where are leonardo da vincis works shown?ain the east wing.bin the main west wing.cin the sainsbury wing.din the north wing.70which underground station is closest to the national gallery?aembankment. bleicester square.cpiccadilly circus. dcharing cross.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了英国国家美术馆的展品以及这个展馆的布置、开馆的时间等情况。68解析：选a。细节理解题。根据第一段中的ranging from 13thcentury religious paintings to.可知人们可以在这里看到13世纪的宗教图画。b、c、d三项中的图画都没有涉及religious这个词。69解析：选b。细节理解题。由第三段中的the main west wing houses 16thcentury paintings，and artists include leonardo da vinci.可知，达芬奇的作品可以在the main west wing中看到，因此选b。其他几个地方都没有展出达芬奇的画。70解析：选d。细节理解题。根据最后一段中的nearest underground stations：charing cross(2minute walk).可知，charing cross离国家美术馆只有步行2分钟的路程，其他几个地方离国家美术馆的距离都比charing cross远。(2013高考新课标全国卷，d)lowcost gifts for mothers daygift no.1offer to be your mothers health friend.promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or a regular medical checkup.most mothers always say “no need，” but another set of eyes and ears is always a good idea at a doctors visit.the best part? this one is free.gift no.2help your mother organize all of her medical records，which include the test results and medical information.put them all in one place.be sure to make a list of all of her medicines and what times she takes them.“having all this information in one place could end up saving your mothers life，” dr.marie savard said.gift no.3enough sleep is connected to general health conditions.“buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep，”savard said.“we know that good sleep is very important to our health.”gift no.4some gift companies such as presents for purpose allow you to pay it forward this mothers day by picking gifts in which 10 percent of the price you pay goes to a charity (慈善机构)gift givers can choose from a wide variety of useful but inexpensive things many of which are“green”and then choose a meaningful charity from a list.when your mother gets the gift，she will be told that she has helped the chosen charity.48what are you advised to do for your mother at doctors visits?atake notes. bbe with her.cbuy medicine. dgive her gifts.49where can you find a gift idea to improve your mothers sleep?ain gift no.1. bin gift no.2.cin gift no.3. din gift no.4.50buying gifts from presents for purpose allows mothers to_.aenjoy good sleep bbe wellorganizedcget extra support dgive others help【语篇解读】这是一则广告。你是否为在母亲节给母亲买什么礼物而绞尽脑汁？本篇文章为你支招。48解析：选b。细节理解题。根据gift no.1中第二句话promise to be there for any and all doctors visits whether a disease or a regular medical checkup.可知是建议在母亲看医生的时候陪着母亲。49解析：选c。细节理解题。根据第三段中“buy your mother cotton sheets and comfortable pillows to encourage better sleep，.”可知给母亲买棉被单和舒适的枕头可以使母亲有更好的睡眠，故答案为c。50解析：选d。细节理解题。根据第四段可知，presents for purpose 公司承诺，如果在该公司买了礼物，那么所付钱的10%将会捐给慈善机构，也就是帮助别人，所以选d。multitasking(2013高考北京卷，d)people who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once，a new research suggests.the findings，based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students，indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity，but because they are easily distracted (分心) and cant focus on one activity.and “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，”said david sanbonmatsu，a psychologist at the university of utah.sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked，how good they thought they were at it，and how sensationseeking (寻求刺激) or impulsive (冲动)they were.they then evaluated the participantsmultitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.not surprisingly，the scientists said，most people thought they were better than average at multitasking，and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.but those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.they also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior，which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.“people multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity，but because theyre distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important，”sanbonmatsu said.adam gazzaley，a researcher at the university of california，san francisco，who was not a member of the research group，said one limitation of the study was that it couldnt find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether peoples recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.the findings do suggest，however，why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“people who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”said paul atchley，another researcher not in the group.“this may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though theyre dangerous.”67the research led by sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask_.aseek high productivity constantlybprefer handling different things when getting boredcare more focused when doing many things at a timedhave the poorest results in doing various things at the same time68when sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research，they_.aassessed the multitasking ability of the studentsbevaluated the academic achievements of the studentscanalyzed the effects of the participantstricky mental tasksdmeasured the changes of the studentsunderstanding ability69according to sanbonmatsu，people multitask because of their_.alimited power in calculationbinterests in doing things differentlycinability to concentrate on one taskdimpulsive desire to try new things70from the last paragraph，we can learn that multitaskers usually_.adrive very skillfullybgo in for difficult taskscfail to react quickly to potential dangersdrefuse to explain the reasons for their behavior【语篇解读】本文为一篇科普文，介绍了sanbonmatsu与他的同事们的一项研究结果：同时做很多事情的人往往会有最糟糕的结果，这是因为这些人做事情不专心，他们不能对潜在的危险作出迅速的反应。67解析：选d。细节理解题。由文章第一段的“people who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once.”可知，这样的人在同时做很多事情时往往会有最差的结果，故正确答案为d项。68解析：选a。细节理解题。文章第二段提到他们让参与实验的学生做这做那，然后他们“evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task.”，由此可知，sanbonmatsu和他的同事们在实验中评估了学生们的多任务处理能力。69解析：选c。细节理解题。由文章第四段sanbonmatsu所说的话“people multitask not because its going to lead to greater productivity，but because theyre distractible，and they get sucked into things that are not as important”可知答案。distractible意为“不专心的，分心的”，因此正确答案为c项。70解析：选c。推理判断题。文章最后一段提到的研究结果表明：这些寻求刺激的人(sensationseekers)往往会“multitask the most”，但是却有“enjoy risky distracted driving”的结果，这是因为这些人往往“less sensitive to risky situations”，即：对潜在的危险不能迅速作出反应，故c项为正确答案。(2013高考浙江卷，b)below is a selection from a popular science book. 46what is the colour of blood in a vein near the surface of the skin?ablue. blight yellow.cred. ddark reddish purple.47why do some old people look a little shrunken as they age?abecause their spine is in active use.bbecause they are more easily affected by gravity.cbecause they keep growing backwards.dbecause their spine becomes more bent.48which of the following statements about our brain is true?ain the long run，our brain probably works harder than our heart.bwhen our brain senses the spinning，we will feel dizzy.cthe brains of the other mammals are as complex as those of humans.dour feelings and emotions come from the most developed area in our brain.49what is the main purpose of the selection?ato give advice on how to stay healthy.bto provide information about our body.cto challenge new findings in medical research.dto report the latest discoveries in medical science.【语篇解读】本文是一篇科普性文章，作者旨在向我们说明一些与我们的身体有关的信息。46解析：选d。细节理解题。根据方框内首段第三句可知，尽管血液在体外显现出红色，但在比较靠近皮肤的静脉血管里呈现的是绛紫色。47解析：选d。细节理解题。根据方框内第四段最后两句可知，老年人变矮更多的是因为脊柱变得有点弯曲。故选d项。48解析：选a。细节理解题。根据方框内第二段可知，归根到底，大脑可能比心脏更劳累些，故a项判断正确。根据方框内倒数第三段可知，大脑觉得我们在眩晕时，实际上我们并没有，可排除b项；根据方框内倒数第二段并结合常识可排除c、d两项。49解析：选b。推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文是一篇科普性文章，作者旨在向我们说明一些与我们身体有关的信息，故b项正确。(2013高考江苏卷，a)guest servicesfront gate guest services can help you with anything from finding out what time your favourite show starts to purchasing tickets.the guest services location inside front gate also serves as a message centre，lost childrens area and lost and found.canadas wonderland does not offer personalized public paging(传呼)food&drink optionsshops are located throughout canadas wonderland.picnic baskets and coolers are welcome at the shelter located outside wonderland on the north side of our front gate.outside food and drinks are not allowed in the park.bottled water may be brought into the park.atmsatms are located just inside the park beside stroller，locker and wheelchair rentals at the front gate，as well as kidzville(beside guest services)，splash works(two locations)，and outside thunder run.pet carea pet care facility is located outside our front gate on the south side for a daily fee.water and airconditioned shelters are provided.guests are asked to provide food and exercise.first aidif you need medical assistance，tell any park employee who will call first aid and have them come to your location.stroller，locker and wheelchair rentalsstroller，locker and wheelchair rentals are available inside the park at the front gate，beside thrills are wonderland.smoking policysmoking is not permitted while riding or standing in line for rides or in any of the childrens areas or the water park.smoking is permitted in designated(指定的)areas only.failure to observe all park rules could result in being driven out of the park without refund.56.the leaflet is to inform visitors of the parks_.aadvanced management bthrill performancescentertainment facilitiesdthoughtful services57a visitor to the park can_.arent a stroller outside front gate bask for first aid by thunder runcsmoke in the water parkdleave his pet at kidzville【语篇解读】本文是一篇应用文，是有关加拿大奇幻乐园的旅游指导宣传页。作者通过描述游客服务，饮食选择，atm机服务，宠物的照料，急救，婴儿车、储物柜和轮椅的租用及吸烟的规定等方面为游客的旅游进行全方位的指导。56解析：选d。推理判断题。题干中的关键词为inform visitors of，定位于全篇文章。整个宣传页都是介绍游客的安全、便利等内容的，目的就是让游客玩得开心、顺利，所以宣传奇幻乐园贴心周到的服务就是本宣传页的最终目的。a项意为“先进的管理”；b项意为“精彩刺激的表演”；c项意为“娱乐设施”；d项意为“贴心周到的服务”。判断一篇文章的写作目的，一定要关注文章中描绘的每个细节和最终的落脚点，如文中的help you with anything，are welcome，come to your location等。57解析：选b。细节理解题。题干中的关键词为a visitor to the park，定位于“first aid”，由if you need medical assistance，tell any park employee.可知，乐园里面的所有雇员都有提供医疗救助的义务，而“atms”中提到的thunder run 也属于该乐园，这与b项的陈述相吻合。a项的内容在“stroller，locker and wheelchair rentals”，在乐园的front gate可以租赁婴儿车；c项的内容在“smoking policy”，吸烟仅仅在指定区域被允许，在水上乐园是不允许吸烟的；d项结合“atms”和“pet care”的描述可判断，kidzville在乐园里面，而照料宠物的设施是在乐园的外面，所以宠物是不可以留在kidzville里的。(2013高考辽宁卷，a)china is a land of bicycles.at least it was back in 1992 when i traveled the country.back then everyone seemed to be riding a bicycle.millions of them，all black.cars were rare.yet since my arrival in beijing last year，ive found the opposite is true.there are millions of cars.however，people still use their bicycles to get around.for many，its the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.bicycles also come in different colorssilver，green，red，blue，yellow，whatever you want.its fun watching people biking.they rush quickly through crossroads，move skillfully through traffic，and ride even on sidewalks(人行道)bicycles allow people the freedom to move about that cars just cant provide.eager to be part of this aspect of chinese culture，i decided to buy a bicycle.great weather accompanied my great buy.i immediately jumped up on my bicycle seat and started home.my first ride home was orderly (守秩序的)to be safe，i stayed with a“pack”of bikers while cars on the streets came running swiftly out of nowhere at times.i didnt want to get hit.so i took the ride carefully.crossing the streets was the biggest problem.it was a lot like crossing a major highway back in the united states.the streets here were wide，so crossing took time，skill and a little bit of luck.i finally made it home.the feeling on the bicycle was amazing.the air hitting my face and going through my hair was wonderful.i was sitting on top of the world as i passed by places and people.biking made me feel alive.56according to the author，why are bicycles still popular in china today?abecause they are traditional and safe.bbecause they are convenient and inexpensive.cbecause they are colorful and available.dbecause they are fast and environment friendly.57the author decided to buy a bicycle because he intended _.ato ride it for funbto use it for transportcto experience local culturedto improve his riding skills58how did the author feel about his street crossing?ait was boring. bit was difficult.cit was lively. dit was wonderful.59which of the following best describes the authors biking experience?athe author enjoyed showing off his biking skills.bthe author was annoyed by the air while riding.cthe author was praised by the other bikers.dthe author took great pleasure in biking.【语篇解读】本文为记叙文。中国在过去是自行车的王国，而现在仍然有很多人喜欢骑自行车出行，因为这种交通方式方便、省钱。为了融入这种文化，“我”也买了一辆自行车。但是在回家途中，发现骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和一点儿运气。但是骑行经历让“我”觉得很愉快、很有趣。56解析：选b。细节理解题。根据第一段中的for many，its the easiest and cheapest way to travel today.可知，自行车如今仍然很受欢迎，是因为它的便捷和经济。根据倒数第二段和倒数第三段的叙述可知，骑自行车并不安全，速度也不是很快，故a项和d项错误；文章虽然提到了自行车的颜色多种多样，但这并不是它受欢迎的原因，故c项错误。57解析：选c。细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话eager to be part of this aspect of chinese culture.可知，作者购买自行车是因为迫切地想融入中国的这种文化之中，故c项正确。作者在有了骑行经历之后才发现了其中的乐趣，故a项错误；文章并未提到作者购买自行车是为了作为交通工具或者提高骑行技术，故排除b项和d项。58解析：选b。细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的叙述可知，骑车过街是最大的问题，需要时间、技巧和运气，因此作者认为骑车过街非常困难。其余选项均与本段内容不符。59解析：选d。推理判断题。由最后一段可知，空气吹拂脸颊和头发的感觉很美妙，骑行时就像坐在了世界的顶端，骑自行车使作者觉得充满了活力。由此可判断出，作者觉得骑自行车很有乐趣，故d项正确。a项意为“作者喜欢炫耀自己的骑行技术”；b项意为“作者很讨厌骑行时的空气”；c项意为“作者被其他骑行人员赞扬了”，均与文章内容不符。(2013高考湖南卷，a)planning a visit to the uk? here we help with ways to cut your costs.avoid big eventsbig sporting events，concerts and exhibitions can increase the cost of accommodation and make it harder to find a room.a standard double room at the thistle brighton on the final friday of the brighton comedy festival (19 oct.) cost169.15 at b.a week later，the same room cost118.15.if you can be flexible and want to know dates to avoidor youre looking for a big event to pass your timecheck out sites such as w，which allow you to search for events in the uk by city，date and category.stay away from the stationif traveling to your destination by train，you may want to find a good base close to the station，but you could end up paying more for the sake of convenience at the start of your holiday.dont be too choosy about the part of town you stay in.booking two months in advance，the cheapest room at travelodges central euston hotel in london for saturday 22 september was95.95.a room just a tube journey away at its covent garden hotel was75.75.and at farringdon，a double room cost just62.95.look after yourselfreally central hotels in cities such as london，edinburgh and cardiff can cost a fortune，especially at weekends and during big events.as an alternative consider checking into a selfcatering flat with its own kitchen.often these flats are hidden away on the top floors of city centre buildings.a great example is the historic oneill flat on edinburghs royal mile，available for420 for five days in late september，with room for four adults.get on a bikelondons boris bikes have attracted the most attention，but other cities also have similar programmes that let you rent a bicycle and explore at your own pace，saving you on public transport or car parking costs.among the smaller cities with their own programmes are newcastle (casual members pay around1.50 for two hours) and cardiff (free for up to 30 minutes，or5 per da