【步步高】高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 Olympic History同步导学 重庆大学版必修5(1).docVIP

【步步高】2015届高考英语一轮复习 challenging yourself talking about schools同步导学 重大版必修1.重点单词识记1record /rikd/ vi./vt.记录；录制；n.纪录；唱片2concept /knsept/ n观念；概念3worship /wip/ n崇拜；尊敬；vi./vt.爱慕；崇拜4seek /sik/ vi./vt.寻找；追求5host /hst/ n主办方6stadium /steidim/ n运动场；体育场7pure /pj/ adj.纯洁的8strive /straiv/ vi.努力；奋斗9equality /ikwlti/ n平等equal adj.同样的；平等的；vt.等于；比得上10unfamiliar /nfmili/ adj.新奇的；不熟悉的familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的11disabled /diseibld/ adj.残废的；有缺陷的disable vt.使残废；使失去能力；丧失能力disability n残疾；无能12consistent /knsistnt/ adj.一致的；符合的consist vi.组成；在于；符合13original /ridnl/ adj.最初的；原始的；独创的origin n起源；来源.重点短语识记1be connected to与相连2centre round/on/upon当作中心或重点3compete for/against为竞争4come to life复苏；苏醒过来；变得活跃5alternate.and/with.使交替发生或出现；轮流安排6consistent with符合；与一致7in harmony和谐8(be) based on基于9in the name of以的名义；凭10take part in参加；参与11abide by坚持，遵守.经典原句默写与背诵1it was therefore considered one of the greatest honours to win a victory at olympia.因此在奥林匹亚获得胜利被看作是最高荣誉之一。2all the following facts about the olympics represent the idea that olympism is a philosophy of life，exalting and combining in a balanced whole the qualities of body，will and mind.关于奥运会的以下事实代表了这种观点：奥林匹克主义是增强体质、意志和精神，并使之全面均衡发展的一种生活哲学。3the most important thing is not to win but to take part! 最重要的事情不是赢得比赛而是参与比赛。1i have to change my approach，the competition is too good now.(compete)2he jumped athletically out of the car.(athletic)3there are toilet facilities for the disabled.(disable)4the desire to look attractive is universal.(universe)5the town that i visited last week was founded in 1610.(founder)1 record n纪录；唱片；v.记录；录制；显示keep a record of记录hold a record保持纪录break a record打破纪录set a record刷新纪录try to keep a record of everything you eat this week.尽量记录下本周你吃的所有东西。 夯实基础用record的适当形式填空(1)it is a book that records the fall of the third reich.(2)the cardiograph records the heartbeat.(3)she has recorded some popular songs since last month.(4)her sufferings are recorded on her face.2 be consistent with与一致，相符consistently adv.一致地，符合consistency一致性；连贯性shes not very consistent in the way she treats her children.她对待孩子反复无常。the results are entirely consistent with our earlier research.这些结果与我们早些时候的研究完全吻合。夯实基础what we say should be consistent with what we do.我们应该言行一致。3 seek after/for企图获得；追求；寻找seek to do sth.试图/设法做某事seek out找到they sought in vain for somewhere to shelter.他们怎么也找不到一个藏身的地方。we shouldnt seek after comfort，personal fame or gain.我们不应该贪图安逸，追名逐利。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)they are urgently seeking for the post where they are well paid.(2)the couple have sought help from their marriage gobetweens.(3)corbett resolved to seek out the truth.单项填空1tom has the record for the 1,000meter race since 2008.akept bheldcbroken dset答案b解析句意为：自2008年以来汤姆一直保持1 000米长跑的纪录。hold a record意为“保持纪录”；keep a record意为“(把)记录下来”。2what you say now doesnt seem to be with what you said last saturday.aconstant bconsistentcequal dcommon答案b解析be consistent with与一致；constant不断的；be equal to与相等；be common with与相同。3more and more countries are trying to closer trade ties with china.aseek bconnectcsearch dlink答案a解析句意为：越来越多的国家正试图寻求与中国更密切的贸易联系。seek寻找，符合句意。.汉译英2006年，他刷新了一项世界纪录，成为获得硕士学位时年龄最大的人。(set a record for)(2012广东基础写作)in 2006 he set a world record for becoming the oldest person to get a masters degree.1as long as you have struggled for your dream，you are a success.2in the 16th century，village life centred round religion.3chairman mao is known as eastern sun in chinese peoples mind.4you need not to perform perfectly on sports，just take part in it.5the quiet girl has come to life since she lived with her grandma.in the name of 在名下；代表；以的名义，凭in ones namein the name of在名下；代表by name凭名字；用的名字by the name of名叫的under the name of用的名字name after/for以的名字命名there is a young actor by the name of tom.这儿有一个名叫汤姆的年轻演员。夯实基础选词填空(1)he met a man john by name.(2)did you know somebody by the name of harvey?(3)he attended the party in the name of his father.(4)she was named after her mother.单项填空1the principal knows all the students name.ain bbycunder dwith答案b解析句意为：校长能叫出所有学生的姓名。by name凭名字，用的名字，符合句意。in the name of/in ones name在名下，以名义，代表；under the name of 用名字，以假名；with ones name on it是为准备的，是冲来的。2she was afraid that unless the train speeded up she would lose her to scotland.ajunction bconnectioncseat dcarriage答案b解析connection联系，联结；转(车、飞机等)，lose ones connection to a place(转车误点)没赶上转乘去的班次。句意为：她担心火车如不加速，她会赶不上搭乘去苏格兰的中转车。junction(铁路、河流等的)会合处、相交处；seat座位；carriage私人马车。.汉译英他们完全是出于友谊而那样做的。(name)they did it all in the name of friendship.用所给词的适当形式填空(1)the excited(excite) boys are opening their christmas presents.(2)his face wore a puzzled(puzzle) expression.(3)when he got there，he only found the closed(close) door.(4)the arrived(arrive) soldiers are busy camping.(5)a trained(train) nurse is wanted.beginning in 1994，it was decided that the winter olympic games would be in different years from the summer games.从1994年开始，人们决定冬季奥运会与夏季奥运会在不同年份举办ving作状语，多用来表示时间、原因、结果、伴随等。arriving at the cinema，he found that the film had been over.到电影院时，电影已经结束了。having smoked too much，he has suffered from lung cancer.由于抽烟太多，他患了肺癌。夯实基础用现在分词完成句子(1)we always help each other when studying here (在这儿学习的时候)(2)hearing the news(听到这个消息)，he looked disappointed.(3)he didnt come to attend her birthday party，making her very sad(使她非常伤心).单项填空1when the first english settlers arrived in the new world，the indians jewellery made of animal bones greeted them warmly.awearing bto wearcworn dhaving worn答案a解析“印第安人带着珠宝”，两者是主动关系，故选a项。2 does he make a trip here?every five days.ahow five days bhow farchow long dhow often答案d解析从答案可知，提问者问的是频率，故用how often。.汉译英1作为一个活跃的年轻人，我喜欢运动和户外活动。(现在分词短语作状语)(2011辽宁书面表达)being an active young person，i like sports and outdoor activities.2他所必须做的就是转身、过桥、走到树旁。(不定式作表语)(2011北京开放作文)all he has to do is to turn around，cross the bridge and walk to the tree.1lionel messi， the record for the most goals in a calendar year，is considered the most talented football player in europe.(2013江苏，24)aset bsettingcto set dhaving set答案d解析考查非谓语动词作状语。句意为：在一个日历年度创下了最多的进球纪录，莱昂内尔梅西被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。由句意知，“创纪录”在先，“被认为是最有才华的足球运动员”在后，故用现在分词的完成式。2“its such a nice place.” mother said as she sat at the table for customers.(2012浙江，11)ato be reserved bhaving reservedcreserving dreserved答案d解析reserve和谓语动词sat之间没有连词，故用非谓语，且和其逻辑主语the table构成被动关系，故用过去分词表示被动、完成的概念，在句子中作后置定语。3sometimes proper answers are not far to seek food safety problems.(2011安徽，25)ain btocon dafter答案b解析句意为：要寻找食品安全问题的恰当的解决办法有时并不是很难。本题的中心词是answers，后面的food safety problems是answers的定语；而与answer搭配使用的介词只有to，即answer to food safety problems。因此选b项。.单项填空1she got her first science fiction published.it turned out to be .when was that?it was in 2009 she was still in college.asuccess；that ba success；whencsuccess；when da success；that答案b解析a success表示“一件成功的事情”；后一个空格处是when引导的定语从句。最后一句话不是强调句型。假如是强调句型，应该是“it was in 2009 when she was still in college that she got her first science fiction published.”2it is said that jack is very rich and is always changing his private cars.what is he? ， i am not sure.asomebody of a managerbsomething of a managercanyone of a managerdanything of a manager答案b解析something of a manager 类似经理之类的职业。3some warned that the step the us government has taken to cope with the current crisis is much risk.aone of bthe one ofcthe one dthat one答案a解析考查代词。句意为：有人警告说美国政府为应对当前危机所采取的这一步是充满危险的一步。用one表示泛指。4he didnt feel a bit nervous when .no.hed had a lot of time for it after all.ainterviewing；to preparebinterviewed；to preparecinterviewing；preparingdbeing interviewed；preparing答案b解析考查非谓语动词。第一空为when (he was) interviewed省略形式，表被动；第二空为不定式作定语修饰time，所以选b项。5id rather have some wine，if you dont mind. .dont forget you will drive.aanything but that bby all meansctake it easy di wont say no to this答案a解析考查交际用语。由句中“dont forget.”可知要开车便不能喝酒。故选a项。6geneva， city in switzerland，is center of switzerlands watch and jewelrymaking industries.athe；a ba；theca；/ d/；the答案b解析考查冠词。第一空a city构成同位语；第二空用于特指。7do you know our school will be enlarged soon?of course.it will be in size，as far as i know.athe large bthe largestcthree times as large dlarger three times答案c解析考查倍数表达法：a is倍数asadj.as b。8 was most important to her，she told me，was whether she could be admitted to a key university the next year.ait bthis cas dwhat答案d解析考查名词性从句。本句缺少引导主语从句并作从句主语的连词，因此选d项。9why it rain on sunday? we cant go camping as planned.what a pity!ashould bcancmust dmay答案c解析考查情态动词。句意为：为什么星期天偏偏下雨？害得我们不能按计划去野营了，真遗憾！由句意知是在抱怨，而must则可表示“非得；偏偏”，故选c项。10excuse me，but i wonder if bill is free at 3 oclock this afternoon.im not sure.i am afraid he tv.awill watch bwill be watchingcis to watch dis watching答案b解析考查时态。根据句中时间状语“at 3 oclock this afternoon”，用将来进行时，故选b项。c项“be to do”表示“按计划、要求、约定要做某事”。.完形填空it was 1130 in the evening.a black american lady of about seventy was standing on the side of an alabama 1 trying to bear a pouring rainstorm.her car had 2 down and at the moment she 3 needed a ride.wet to the skin，she decided to flag down the next 4 .a young white man stopped to help hergenerally unheard of in those conflictfilled 1960s.the man 5 her to safety in his car，and hired a taxicab(a kind of car) for her.she seemed to be in a great 6 .she wrote down his address，thanked him and drove away.several days went by and a 7 came to the mans door.to his surprise，a very big color tv was delivered to his home.a special note was 8 to it.it read：“dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(n) 9 colored woman on the freeway the other night.the rain 10 wet all over not only my clothes but my spirits.then you 11 along.because of you，i was 12 to make it to my dying husbands bedside just before he passed away.god bless you for helping me and kindly serving others.sincerely，mrs.nat king cole.”1 a.railway bfreewaycstreet davenue答案b解析句意为：一个大约70岁的美国黑人妇女站在alabama高速公路上，遭受暴风雨的无情拍击。根据下文“it read：dear sir，thank you so much for assisting a(n) colored woman on the freeway the other night.”可知，b项符合文意。2 a.put btookcbroken dslowed答案c解析句意为：她的车抛锚了，当时她迫切需要搭车离开。根据本句中的“and at the moment she needed a ride”和下文语境可推知，那个黑人妇女的车坏了。put down记下；take down放下，拆除；break down发生故障；slow down减速。故c项符合文意。3 a.seriously bbadlycfairly dprobably答案b解析根据下文“because of you，i was to make it to my dying husbands bedside just before he passed away.”可推知，要赶到生命垂危的丈夫身边见他最后一面的心情是多么的迫切。由此可知，b项符合文意。seriously严肃地，严重地；fairly相当地；probably可能地，均不符合语境，故排除。4 a.bus btruckctaxi dcar答案d解析句意为：衣服已经湿透了，她决定挥手拦下下一辆过路的车。根据下文“the man her to safety in his car”可知，d项符合文意。5 a.put bledcfetched dtook答案d解析句意为：那个年轻白人用车把她带到了安全的地方。put放；lead引导，带路；fetch拿走，带来；take带走。6 a.need bhelpchurry dtrouble答案c解析句意为：她看起来很匆忙。根据下文语境可知，她要赶到生命垂危的丈夫身边见他最后一面，所以她应该非常匆忙。7 a.lady bsalesmancletter dknock答案b解析句意为：几天后，一个销售员来到这个年轻白人的家门口。根据下文“to his surprise，a very big color tv was delivered to his home.”可推知，是卖东西的人提供送货上门服务。8 a.offered bgivencattached dwritten答案c解析句意为：大彩电上贴了一个特别的便条。be attached to sth.为固定搭配，意为“附在，贴在上面”，符合语境，故答案为c项。9 a.aged bdarkclucky dunhappy答案b解析句意为：便条上写着：谢谢你那天晚上在高速公路上帮助一个黑人妇女。与文章开头第二句中的“a black american lady of about seventy”相呼应。10a.let bmadechad dturned答案b解析句意为：大雨不仅湿透了我的全身，而且也使我的心凉了。make sth./sb.wet弄湿某人或某物，符合语境。11a.got bwentcran dcame答案d解析句意为：就在这个时候，你出现了。come along到达，抵达，符合语境。12a.able breadyclikely dwilling答案a解析句意为：多亏了你，我才能够及时赶到垂危的丈夫面前，见他最后一面。be able to能够做某事，为固定搭配，符合语境。.阅读理解port river，south australia.a beautiful dolphin swims through the cool waters.suddenly，the sea creature turns itself on its back，and pushes its body up head first！the dolphin is now balancing on its tail！it holds this position and moves like this across the water for a few seconds.this dolphin is “tailwalking”dolphin trainers love to teach their dolphins tricks like this.crowds love to watch them.but this dolphin does not belong to anyone.it lives freely in the wild！so who taught this dolphin to tailwalk?the dolphin creating the interest is named billie.billie lives off the south australian coast，near adelaide.it was here that scientists first saw billie tailwalking.in the early 1980s，billie had a bad experience.he got trapped behind a barrier，in a lake next to the sea.billie became sick and was unable to return to the sea.local people put him in a large dolphin tank.the tank was for dolphins that performed for the public.billie lived in the tank with other dolphins for several weeks.during this time，he saw the life of the other dolphins.he saw them receive food for performing trickssuch as tailwalking.after billie returned to the sea，scientists saw him tailwalking.but even more amazingsome other dolphins in the area also began tailwalking！scientists believe that billie must have learned the behavior from watching in the tank.then billie may have “taught” the tailwalking trick to the other dolphins.if this is the case，it would mean that billie has demonstrated “cultural behavior”cultural behavior is learned behavior in groups.it is common among humans.but，it is much rarer among animals！however，today scien