【步步高】高考英语 Module 4 Great Scientists同步导学 外研版必修2(1).doc

【步步高】2015届高中英语 module 4 great scientists同步导学 外研版必修2重点单词1.contemporary /kntemprri/ adj.当代的2.alive /laiv/ adj.有活力的；有生气的3aspect /spekt/ n方面 4.style /stail/ n风格5stand /stnd/ vt.忍受 6.unusual /njul/ adj.不寻常的；非凡的7delightful /dilaitfl/ adj.令人愉快的；可爱的delight n高兴，愉快；令人高兴的事；v.使高兴，使愉快8traditional /trdinl/ adj.传统的；习俗的tradition n传统；惯例9imitate /imiteit/ vt.临摹；仿造；模仿；仿效imitation n模仿；仿效10observe /bzv/ vt.观察；注意到；庆祝；遵守observation n注意；观察11reality /rilti/ n真实；现实；逼真realistic adj.现实主义的；写实主义的realise vt.领悟；了解；实现；实行12adopt /dpt/ vt.采纳；采用；收养adoption n收养；采用；采纳13exhibition /eksibin/ n展览exhibit v展示；陈列；展览14expression /ikspren/n.表现；表达；词语；表情express vt.表达；表示15destroy /distri/ vt.破坏；毁坏destruction n摧毁；毁灭重点短语1.tell by从可以看出2.develop an interest培养对的兴趣3put off推迟；延期 4.take turns轮流5aim to do sth.目的/力争去做某事 6.be/get tired of对厌烦7be fond of喜欢；喜爱 8.attempt to do sth.尝试/试图做某事9a series of一系列的 10.at the same time同时11make of sth.理解；认为怎么样 12.consider.to be认为是13put off推迟；延期经典句型1.do you like traditional chinese art using brush and ink?你喜欢使用画笔和墨水创作的传统中国画吗？2this is a painting by the spanish artist，pablo picasso，considered to be the greatest western artist of the twentieth century.这是西班牙画家巴勃罗毕加索的一幅油画，他被认为是20世纪西方最伟大的画家。3cubist artists painted objects and people，with different aspects of the object or person showing at the same time.在描绘物体或人的时候，立体派画家会同时展现对象的多个不同侧面。4what do you make of (it)?你认为(它)怎么样？5from 1902 to 1904 he painted a series of pictures where the main colour was blue.从1902年至1904年，他画了一系列以蓝色为主色调的画。语境记忆he learned art at an early age.he wanted to be an artist and drew a colourful world.by now he has held several personal exhibitions of his traditional paintings.many painters begin to adopt and imitate his style because it can express a persons real feelings.构词记忆reaction /rikn/ n反应；作用react /rikt/ vi.1.反应；作出反应2.有影响；起作用；起化学作用3.反动；反抗react to对有反应remove /rimuv/ vt.1.移动；搬开；调动2.去掉；消除3.把免职 vi.移动；去掉；除去 nc&u移去；移动；搬家；间隔的距离remove.from.从去除1he is very realistic about his future.he has not realized his ambition of becoming a famous teacher because the reality is that he is not good at teaching.(reality)2he takes great delight in proving others wrong.when he did it，he felt delighted.but i dont think what he does is delightful.(delight)3the teacher stood at the corner，observing the behavior of every student.(observe)4on second thought，i adopted(采纳)the committees proposals at last.5with the wind rushing through her hair she felt alive(有活力的)so she began to run fast.6the boats in the harbor and the rising sun make a beautiful scene(景色)7i cant stand(忍受)any more.im going to run away.8this traditional (传统的)costume is still popular among the young people in big cities.9most of the old part of the city was destroyed (毁坏)by bombs during the war.10some of the younger pop bands try to imitate(模仿)their musical heroes from the past.1dislike doing sth.不喜欢做dislike it when/if.不喜欢dislike of/for sb./sth.不喜欢；讨厌take a dislike to开始不喜欢a british girl of five weighed near 63.5 kilograms because she disliked taking exercise and eating healthy food.因为不喜欢运动和吃健康食品，英国一个五岁的女孩体重接近63.5 公斤。if you behave like that，youll have yourself disliked.如果你的行为像那个样子，你会使人厌恶。特别提醒(1)dislike后可跟doing形式作宾语，但不跟不定式。(2)可用于“.dislike it when.”句式结构的动词还有：like，love，enjoy，hate等表示人的情感的动词，句式中的it指when从句中所提及的情况。动词为appreciate时，后面用if从句。夯实基础(1)语法填空i felt a strong dislike of the new teacher.i have a dislike for cold weather.i dont know why，but i took a strong dislike to him as soon as i saw him.(2)i dislike it(我不喜欢) when you whistle.2observe sb.do/doing sth.观察某人做过/正在做某事observe the customs遵守习俗keep sb.under observation对某人进行监视be under observation受到监视his neighbour observed a stranger go (going ) to his house.他的邻居注意到一个陌生人进了他的房子。do people observe christmas in that country?在那个国家人们庆祝圣诞节吗？夯实基础(1)用所给词的适当形式填空when i passed his house，i observed him playing(play) in his yards.he is often observed to cheat(cheat)at cards.he spent two nights under close observation(observe) in hospital.(2)his orders were to keep the men under observation(监视这些人)3adopt an approach/a strategy/a policy采用某方法/战略/政策an adopted son养子adapt vt.使适应；改造/编)pupils should be helped to adopt a positive approach to the environment.应帮助学生对环境采取积极的方法。he couldnt adapt his way of life to the company.他的生活方式无法适应公司的要求。夯实基础(1)用adopt，adapt的适当形式填空the young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan.after a few months，the child came to adapt to his new life.(2)his suggestion has been adopted(已采纳) by people in many parts of the world.4beyond expression无法形容without expression毫无表情give expression to表达；表现；把表达出来express v.表达；表示；n.快车express oneself表达自己的意思however，some of the texts have too many new words and expressions which are hard for us.但是一些课文里生词和短语太多，这对我们来说有点难。(2012辽宁书面表达)its better to give expression to your anger，rather than hiding it.最好把你的愤怒表达出来，不要隐藏。特别提醒(1)express表示“表达，表示”等，习惯上不接双宾语，可用express sth.to sb.。(2)express后一般不接that从句，但可接疑问词引导的从句。夯实基础(1)语法填空she was beautiful beyond expression.he looked at me without expression.(2)the ability to express an idea(表达观点的能力) is as important as the idea itself.5destroy ones health有害健康destroy ones career/hopes毁灭某人的事业/毁掉某人的希望cause/do damage to对造成破坏the fire destroyed most of the building.大火把这座建筑物几乎烧毁了。all hopes of a peaceful settlement were destroyed by his speech.和平解决的所有希望都被他的讲话给毁了。failure was slowly destroying him.失败渐渐地把他毁了。夯实基础(1)用destroy，damage的适当形式填空the bridge was destroyed by the flood.the strong sandstorm damaged most of the young trees.(2)the young husband left her，destroying her life and all her hopes(毁掉了她的生活和全部希望)1we are tired of the same food for breakfast every morning.2i am aiming to lose 4kgs before the summer holidays.3she was considered to be one of the greatest pianists at that time.4the two doctors took turns at looking after the wounded boy and were deeply moved by his brave behavior.5i am fond of country music very much.1(be fed up with受够了；饱受；厌烦be bored with厌烦i shall never get tired of life，i hope.我希望永远不会对生活感到厌倦。he is never tired of helping others.他乐于助人。夯实基础(1)are you fond of practising the violin?no.instead，im getting tired of it(我变得厌烦了)(2)what im fed up with is(令我厌倦的是) the weather here.2put forward提议，提出；拿出；推荐；将提前put away将收起；把放回原处；积蓄put aside忽视；不理睬；储存put through接通电话put up举起；建造；提供膳宿；张贴put out扑灭put in放入；把写进(信函、故事等dont put off until tomorrow what can be done today.不要把今天能做的事拖到明天。may i put your name forward as a possible chairman of the committee?我可否提名你为该委员会主席的人选？夯实基础用put的短语填空(1)far water doesnt put out near fire.(2)encourage children to put aside some of their pocketmoney to buy christmas presents.(3)the association has put the event off until october.(4)he put his toys away every night.(5)the meeting was put forward half an hour.3in ones turn轮到某人；接着by turns交替进行in turn依次，轮流，逐个；转而，相应地out of turn不按次序take ones turn依次；轮流it is ones turn to do.轮到某人做they had to take turns to look after the patient.他们不得不轮流照看病人。i bought the last cd in my turn.轮到我的时候，我买走了最后一张cd。夯实基础(1)用含有turn的短语填空let us consider each of these points in turn.the baby was so funny that he laughed and cried by turns.(2)翻译句子轮到我打扫房间了。its my turn to clean the room.1women who put off having a baby often make the best mothers.推迟生孩子的母亲通常是最好的母亲。2the electric bicycle produced by our factory is of high quality.我们厂生产的电动车质量很高。3the local farmer claimed this was the place where he found some tigers.这位当地的农民声称这就是他发现老虎的地方。4the man，considered to be a medical expert，in fact，was a cheat.被认为是一名医学专家的那个人事实上是个骗子。5what do you make of the new manager?你如何评价新经理？1 this is a painting by the spanish artist，pablo picasso，considered to be the greatest western artist of the twentieth century.这是西班牙画家巴勃罗毕加索的一幅油画，他被认为是20世纪西方最伟大的画家。consider构成的常用句型：(1)译作“认为”时，有下列句型：,sb./sth.be considered (to be/as).某人/某物被认为是consider itadj.to do sth.认为做是consider itadj.that.认为是it is considered that sb.has done sth.sb.is consideredto have done sth.认为某人做过某事(2)译作“考虑”时，有下列句型：,consider疑问词to do sth.考虑consider doing sth.考虑做某事(3)considering prep.意思是“考虑到；就而言”，后可接that从句。i has always considered myself a strong，competent woman.一直以来，我始终认为自己是个女强人。you do have to consider the feelings of those around you.你的确需要考虑周围人的感受。夯实基础(1)mr.zhang is considering changing his job(正在考虑换工作)(2)同义句改写it is considered that he has finished the work.(改为简单句)he is considered to have finished the work.2(1)反意疑问句是由“陈述句简短问句”构成，前一部分若为肯定句，后面的简短问句用否定形式；前一部分为否定句，后面的简短问句用肯定形式。(2)前面的陈述句部分带有否定前缀的词语时，后面的简短问句仍用否定形式。(3)陈述句部分有否定前移的情况时，后面的简短问句用肯定形式；若为主从复合句，后面问句一般随主句而变化，但如果是第一人称作主语如i think/believe等，后面的问句要随宾语从句而变化。(4)在回答反意疑问句时，不管对方怎样问，只要事实是肯定的，就用yes，后接肯定形式；反之用no，后接否定形式。he used to take pictures there，didnt he/usednt he?他过去常在那儿拍照，是吗？dont do that again，will you？别再这样做了，好吗？特别提醒lets开头的祈使句，疑问部分用shall we。let us开头的祈使句，疑问部分用will you。夯实基础完成下列反意疑问句(1)i told them not everybody could run as fast as you did，didnt i?(2)you and i could hardly work together，could we?(3)he must be helping the old man to water the flowers，isnt he?(4)the boy dislikes to communicate with others，doesnt he?(5)i dont think he will agree with us，will he?(6)lets have a talk，shall we?(7)let us stay with you，will you?用所给词的适当形式填空(1)leaving it with me should be a good choice.trust me.(leave)(2)the fruit looking fresh in his fruit stand sells well.(look)(3)being educated in a wellknown university is what everybody wishes for.(educate)(4)i cant go fishing with you because i have a lot of clothes to wash.(wash)(5)i feel greatly honoured to be welcomed into their society.(welcome).教材活用根据课文内容完成下面的短文i am a student studying art at college.i am crazy about art.i never get tired 1.of appreciating paintings in the traditional chinese style,2.especially (especial) those realistic works，from 3.which we can see many things 4.happening (happen) to the place and the people.to see an art exhibition，i often put off the appointment made with my friends，which makes them very 5.unhappy (happy)one day，one of my best friends told me，“6.if you continue to do like that，youll destroy our friendship 7.sooner (soon) or later！” i have nothing to say about it.but im sure a true friend can understand me and i cant stand 8.being misunderstood (misunderstand)to me，i treasure both friendship and art.in our college，i am known for my paintings that i imitate xu beihongs .9.the best one is “the six horses”my aim is to be 10.another xu beihong.what do you make of my dream?.课外拓展阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式marry：tom，ive just 1.moved(move) to a new house.tom：really？2.congratulations(congratulate)!marry：thank you.and id like to buy 3.a new television set.tom：4.what kind of television do you want to buy?marry：an led tv set，of course.but im not sure about the size.maybe we should buy a big one.if we buy a small one，we 5.might have to change it in a few years time for a big one.what is your opinion?tom：6.in my opinion，i dont think 7.it necessary to buy a very big one.marry：is there any reason?tom：yes.8.as we know，your 9.sitting(sit) room isnt very big.if you put in a very big television set，it will be bad for your eyes.10.besides，a smaller tv set can also have clear pictures.marry：mm，thats quite true.ill think about it.tom：youd better make a quick decision because the price may go up soon.阅读理解its five minutes before the exam and you are in a state of panic.you just have to pass it，but how？you didnt even open the book the night before and you hear a voice in your head saying “cheat，cheat.” so what are you going to do，ignore it and fail or go for it？its a tough decision many students must make.most young people believe that cheating is wrong.however，they have cheated at least once in their high school years.so，why do they do it？are they too lazy to study？perhaps，its not as simple as that.according to some experts，one main reason why students cheat is that they see their friends get away with it.its an easy way out.they avoid embarrassment and their parents anger for not doing well in an exam.another reason is that students think its ok to cheat if the subject isnt important for their future career.whats more，most students have to put up with the pressure of getting into university.they need to get good marks to carry on with their studies.this means that there will always be students who will do anything for a better mark.it has never been easier to cheat than it is today.with all the technology available，students neednt cheat by looking over their shoulders anymore.they use mobile phones to send answers to each other during a test.there is also the internet.with hundreds of websites，students dont have to worry because they can find lots of material which they can copy and use in subjects.there are even tips on the art of cheating in exams.obviously，if you get caught cheating，you fail the exam in the subject.but it doesnt really matter whether you get caught or not.whats important is that its wrong.you mustnt cheat because cheating is a lie.it deceives(欺骗) people into thinking you know more than you actually do.how can you be proud of something you have achieved through cheating？in the end，its not about deceiving your teachers and your parents，but about fooling yourself that you can do something you really cant.1the tough decision that many students have to make before an exam is .ahow to cheat bwhat to do if they failcwhether to cheat or not dhow to keep calm答案c解析细节理解题。根据第一段的“.you hear a voice in your head saying cheat，cheat.so what are you going to do，ignore it and fail or go for it？its a tough decision many students must make.”可知答案。2according to the experts，why do some students cheat?atheir friends ask them to cheat.bcheating can help them please their parents.cthey are too lazy to study.dthe subjects are important for their future.答案b解析推理判断题。第二段开头告诉我们绝大多数年轻人认为作弊是错误的，但是几乎每个人在高中时代都作过弊，在一些专家看来，作弊的原因包括：他们看到朋友们作弊却没被发现；不会因为成绩差感到尴尬或惹父母生气；考试科目不重要；为了考上大学努力取得好成绩，因此可知答案。3students who want to cheat can find on the internet .apapers of any subjectbsuggested answers to testscother students projects about cheatingduseful information which can help them答案d解析细节理解题。根据第三段第五句话“with hundreds of websites，students dont have to worry because they can find lots of material which they can copy and use in projects.”可得出答案。4the worst thing about cheating is that .ayou can get caught and failbyou cheat others and yourselfcyou give others a bad impressiondyour teacher will inform your parents答案b解析细节理解题。文章最后一句告诉我们：最终，你并不是欺骗了你的老师和父母，而是欺骗了你自己，认为自己能做实际上做不了的题目。.完形填空one day i took a bus with my girlfriend.it was so 1 that we stood for several stops until a vacant seat was 2 for her.then a pretty girl rushed towards me，saying，“hi，where are you going？”i was so 3 by the stranger that i had a hard time trying to 4 her.clearly she had taken me for somebody else.i returned her 5 with politeness，planning to give explanation to my girlfriend for a while.noticing my dialogue with somebody else，my girlfriend 6 her eyes and found she was pretty.she asked jealously，“whos she？”the pretty girl，quite 7 of the situation，spoke out first，“hi，let me 8 myself.im nancy，used to be one of your neighbours.very glad to meet you.” she behaved very 9 .but i was 10 to search in my memory for someone called nancy among my neighbours.i was worrying how to explain this to my girlfriend 11 the pretty girl again turned to me，“will you give me your cell phone number so that we can keep contacts 12 ？”i had to submit to her 13 .then the girl got off the bus at the next stop.a minute later i got a short 14 on my phonefrom a stranger.my girlfriend 15 my phone and read the note.it was from the girl，who said，“just now，two thieves tried to 16 your pocket.i had to act as an acquaintance to 17 your attention.i should have left at the 18 stop but gave up as i noticed these two thieves also 19 to leave at the same stop.because of the 20 i delayed my departure.now youll understand all i have done to you.wish you luck.”1a.tiring bslowccrowded dmessy答案c解析由“.we stood for several stops.”可知车上没有座位，说明车上很拥挤(crowded)。2a.ready bavailablecspecial dsuitable答案b解析根据上下文可知，站了几站地后，空出了一个座位。available可得到的，符合语境。3a.scared bcaughtcdefeated dstruck答案d解析根据上文“then a pretty girl rushed towards me.”可知，作者被这个漂亮女孩给迷住了。be struck by被迷住，符合语境。4a.recognize btrustcremind djudge答案a解析根据下文“.she had taken me for somebody else.”可知，陌生女孩错把作者当成了别人，作者不知道她是谁。recognize认出，符合语境。5a.idea breplycnotice dgreeting答案d解析根据上文“hi，where are you going？”可知，作者有礼貌地回应陌生女孩向他打招呼。6a.fixed bopenedcraised dfocused答案c解析根据第一段中的“.a vacant seat was for her.”可知，作者的女朋友坐在座位上，她如果要看那个女孩，要把眼睛向上抬，故用raise。7a.proud bashamedcafraid daware答案d解析根据“.spoke out first.”可知，这个女孩先说话了，说明她意识到作者的女朋友注意到她了。8a.explain benjoycintroduce dhelp答案c解析根据下文可知，这位女孩进行了自我介绍，故用introduce。9a.naturally bgenerouslyccaut