云南省德宏州潞西市芒市中学高考英语一轮复习 非谓语动词—动词不定式（to do)教案(1).doc

教案：高三语法复习 非谓语动词动词不定式（to do)考纲展示复习目标复习重点：非谓语动词之不定式及其各种变式。复习难点：不定式的各种变式基本形式及其使用。课前知识梳理1. 请填出不定式的相关形式。不定式：时态主动态被动态一般式to doto be done进行式to be doing完成式to have doneto have been done不定式的否定形式： not + 不定式 请问不定式在句中可作哪些成分？ 主宾表定状补 3. 请画出下列句子中的不定式并说出它是哪种形式。1. john said that he had run in order to catch the bus. （一般式的主动态）2. he hated to be misunderstood by others. (一般式的被动态)3. he pretended to be listening attentively. (进行式)4. he intended to have told you that. (完成式主动态)5. this work of art seemed to have been created several centuries ago. (完成式的被动态)三. 典例引领，变式内化（一）动词不定式在句中充当的成分(1)作主语。例：to see once is better than to hear a hundred times.变式训练1：to make money is not the only purpose of our life.赚钱不是我们生活的唯一目的在很多情况下，常用it 来充当动词不定式的形式主语。例：it is important for us to learn english very well.对我们来说学好英语是非常重要的。变式训练2： it is necessary for us to protect environment. 对我们来说保护环境是很有必要的。(2)作宾语，常用在以下动词后：help，hope，ask，refuse，decide，promise，wish，pretend，expect，arrange，learn，plan，demand，dare，manage，agree，prepare，fail，determine，offer，choose，desire，elect，long，(happen，seem) 例如：he managed to pass the exam.他成功地通过了考试。he promised to be here at nine.他答应9点钟到这儿。i didnt expect to see you here.我没有料到在这儿见到你。在某些复合宾语中，用it做形式宾语，而把不定式放到后面去。例如：he considered it better to leave now.他认为最好现在就离开。i found it impossible to finish the work on time.我发现准时完成这项工作是不可能的。变式训练1： i hope to receive you letter. 我希望收到你的来信。变式训练2： i decide to take part in the english speech contest. 我决定参加英语演讲比赛。 变式训练3： he think it difficult to learn grammer. 他觉得学语法很难。（it做形式宾语）(3)作定语（常置于名词之后）。由only, last, next 序数词或形容词最高级修饰的名词常用不定式做定语; 不定式还可用作名词代词的的宾语 (ability, anything, attempt, chance, curiosity, desire, decision, determination, effort, failure, intention, need, nothing, opportunity, place, plan, promise, reason, right, something)例1:she is always the first student to arrive at school.变式训练1：he is always the last one to leave the office.他总是最后一个离开办公室。变式训练2：i dont think he is the best man to do the job.我想他不是做这项工作的最佳人选。例2：i have no desire to travel.变式训练1：you have a task to finish. 你有一项任务要完成注：动词不定式to后所接动词若是不及物动词，而不定式与其修饰的动词之间有动宾关系，这个不定式后就应有必要的介词。例如：i havent decided which hotel to stay at.i found no one to play with.(4)作状语例如：i walked slowly on the ice in order not to fall down.（不至于跌倒） (表目的)they lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet. (表结果)he tried only to fail.（结果没有成功） she washappy to hear the news. (表原因)变式训练1：he hurried to the station,only b the bus left one minute ago. a. telling b. to be told c. tell d. to tell变式训练2：he hurried to the station,only a the bus left one minute ago. a. to find b.found c. to be found d. find不定式常用于修饰下列形容词: able,afraid,angry, anxious, apt, careful, careless, certain, clever, considerate, delighted, difficult,eager, easy, fit, frightened , happy, interesting, likely, lucky, quick, ready, reluctant , right, sorry, surprised, sure, thoughtful, thoughtless, unable, unwilling, wrong etc.例如：french is difficult to learn. 法语难学。变式训练: im sorry to interrupt you, but i have to. (interrupt)(5)作独立副词成分。例如：to speak frankly, i dont like your attitude.变式训练: to be honest, learning english well is not difficult. 老实说，学好英语并不难。(6)与疑问词连用。疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how等后加动词不定式，构成不定式短语，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。例如：when to start has not been decided.什么时候出发还没有定。变式训练1：the problem is how to get there on time.问题是怎样才能准时到达哪儿。变式训练2：he didnt know what to do next. 他不知道接下来要做什么。变式训练3：i havent decided whether to go to japan.我没有决定是否到日本去。（7)不定式的复合结构由for + 名词或代词 + 动词不定式构成的复合结构在句中可作主语、表语、宾语、状语等。例如：it is necessary for you to finish the work before friday.你们有必要在星期五前做完这项工作。由of 引出的不定式复合结构，经常与以下形容词连用：bold, brave, careless, civil, clever, courageous, foolish, good, honest, kind, nice, rash, right, rude, stupid, silly, thoughtful, thoughtless, wrong, wise等。例如：its kind of you to say so.变式训练：its brave of you to go into the burning building to save the baby!你真勇敢，冲进着火的大楼里救这个婴儿.(8) 不带to 的动词不定式(1)在有些使役动词及感官动词后可用省略to的动词不定式，如let, make, have, hear, see, feel, smell, hear, watch等。例如：the teacher often makes me rewrite the composition.老师让我把作文重写。 变式训练：将该句转换成被动语态：i am often made by the teacher to rewrite the composition. (2)在下列结构后常用不带to的动词不定式：had better, would rather, can not but, cannot help but, do nothing but等。例如：id better go now, or ill miss the train.变式训练：they can not but accept his advice.我只好接受他的建议。(3)在except, but 之前有动词do作实义动词，则except, but 后一般接不带to的动词不定式，反之则接带to 的动词不定式。例如：there is no choice but to go there.变式训练：we have no choice but to wait.我们除了等待别无选择。(4) 在why, why not结构中，紧接其后的动词不定式不带to例如：why argue with him?变式训练why not send those books back?为什么不把那些书送回去？设计意图：复习不定式的相关知识点。师生活动：学生自主复习为主，教师点拨为辅。目标检测1._ warm at night, i would fill the woodstove, then set my alarm clock for midnight so i could refill it.astaying bstayed cto stay dstay2. volunteering gives you a chance _ lives, including your own.achange bchanging cchanged dto change3. the airport _ next year will help promote tourism in this area.abeing completed bto be completed ccompleted dhaving been completed4. if he takes on this work, he will have no choice but _ an even greater challenge.a. meets b. meeting c. meet d. to meetkeys: cbbd设计意图：检测学生的复习情况。师生活动：学生独立完成，并讲解原因，教师补充。分层配餐a组题不定式基本形式的变化：时态主动态被动态一般式进行式完成式设计意图：考察后进生对不定式基础的掌握。 b组题1. more tv programs，according to government officials，will be produced _ peoples concern over food safety.ato raise braising cto have raised dhaving raised2. simon made a big bamboo box _ the little sick bird till it could fly.akeep bkept ckeeping dto keep3. _around the fire, the tourists danced with the local people.agather bto gather cgathering dto be gathering4. the ability _an idea is as important as the idea itself.aexpressing bexpressed cto express dto be expressed5. im just getting out of the city for a few days _ some space and clear my head.agotten bgetting cto get dhaving gotten6. under the environment of fierce competition, the only way john could imagine _ stress was to get tougher by making greater efforts.ahandling bto handlechandled dhaving handledkeys: adccc设计意图：考察学生对不定式的运用能力，但句子都是相对简单的。c组题1._ an important role in a new movie，andy has got a chance to become famous.aoffer bof