高考英语一轮复习 Unit 1 《Friendship》重点梳理现题解析 新人教版必修1.doc

必修1unit 1friendship要 点 梳 理高效梳理知识备考重点单词1upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；不适的 vt.使不安；使心烦2ignore vt.不理睬；忽视ignorance n愚昧ignorant adj.无知的；粗鲁的3calm vt. & vi.(使)平静；(使)镇定 adj.平静的；镇静的；沉着的4concern vt. & n(使)担忧；涉及；关系到；担心；关注；(利害)关系concerned adj.担忧的concerning prep.关于5loose adj.松的；松开的6series n连续；系列7outdoors adv.在户外；在野外8entire adj.整个的；完全的；全部的9power n能力；力量；权力powerful adj.有权势的10settle vi.安家；定居；停留vt.使安居；安排；解决settled adj.settlement n安居；定居11suffer vt. &vt.遭受；忍受；经历suffering n痛苦；折磨12recover vi. &vt.痊愈；恢复；重新获得recovery n痊愈13pack vi. &vt.捆扎；包装；打行李 n小包；包裹14exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地exact adj.精确的15disagree vi.不同意disagreement nagree 反义词重点短语1add up合计2calm down 平静下来；镇定下来3have got to 不得不，必须4be concerned about 关心，挂念5go through 经历；经受6set down 放下；记下；登记7a series of 一连串的；一系列的8on purpose 故意9in order to 为了10at dusk 在黄昏时刻11face to face 面对面12no longer/not any longer 不再13suffer from 遭受；患病14get/be tired of 对厌烦15pack (sth.) up 将(东西)装箱打包16get along with 与相处；进展17fall in love 相爱；爱上18join in 参加；加入重点句型1while walking the dog,_you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。2. tell him/her that he/she should have studied.告诉他/她本该学习3i wonder if its because i havent been able to be outdoors for so long that ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长时间无法出门的缘故，使我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都那样狂热。4.it was the first time in a year and a half that id seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚5mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。范文假定你是李华，正在英国接受英语培训，住在一户英国人家里。今天你的房东mrs wilson 不在家，你准备外出，请给mrs wilson 写一留言条，内容包括：1外出购物2替房东还书3tracy 来信留言：1)咖啡屋(bolton coffee)见面取消2)此事已告知susan3)尽快回电注意：1 词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。mrs wilson_li hua 仔细阅读试题的要求，我们可以看出书面表达应该包含三个大的方面：购物、还书以及留言。而留言又包含了三个方面：取消见面；已告知susan；回电。这样，我们在写作时就要抓住这5个要点，通过增加适当的细节以及运用恰当的连词把每个语法正确、句型丰富的句子连接在一起就会得到较高的分数。mrs wilson， im going out shopping, and wont be back until about 5：00 pm. i have taken with me the two books you asked me to return to the city library. at about 1 oclock this afternoon, tracy called, saying that she couldnt meet you at the bolton coffee tomorrow morning as she had something important to attend to. she felt very sorry about that, but said that you could set some other time for the meeting. she wanted you to call her back as soon as you are home. she has already told susan about this change.li hua考 点 探 究 互动探究能力备考.词汇短语过关1upset adj. 心烦意乱的；不安的，不适的vt. 使不安；使心烦，打乱(upset; upset)be upset about 对感到心烦it upsets sb. that 让某人心烦的是it upsets sb. to do sth. 做使某人不快upset the plan 搅乱了计划(1)i _ _ _ the bad news.我对那则坏消息感到心烦意乱。(2)it _ _ that he had left without saying goodbye. 他的不辞而别让她心情沮丧。(3)if the rain keeps falling, it will _ the whole plan. 如果继续下雨，这将会打乱我们的整个计划。am upset aboutupset herupset2ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视；不顾(强调“装作不知道或没看到”)ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的；不知道的ignorance n. 无知；愚昧；不知道ignore sb./sth. 不理睬某人/假装不知道或未见be ignorant of/about sth.be in ignorance of sth.不知道某事(1)she saw him coming but she _him.她看见他走来，但没有理睬他。(2)he is _ _ farm life.he is _ _ _ farm life.他对农庄生活一无所知。ignoredignorant ofinignoranceof3concern vt. (使)担忧；涉及；关系到n. 担心；关注；(利害)关系concerning prep. 关于concerned adj. 关心的；挂念的；有关的show/express concern about/for 对表示关心/担心have concern with 和有关系with concern 关切地concern oneself about/for 担忧/关心concern oneself with 从事，参与concern sb./sth. 与有关be concerned about/over/for 关心，挂念be concerned with/in 牵扯进/参与all parties concerned 有关各方as/so far as. be concerned 就而言(1)dont concern yourself _ other peoples affairs. 别干涉他人的事。(2)i always concern myself _ my sons future.我总是担忧我儿子的将来。(3)he doesnt bother about things that dont _ him.他不关心那些与他无关的事。关于你的信，我乐于奉告你所感兴趣的东西。withaboutconcern(4)as far as _， the sooner, the better.就我而言，越快越好。(5)_ your letter, im pleased to inform you of what you are interested in.im concernedconcerning4series n. 系列；连续a series of一连串的；一系列的a series of exams 一连串的考试a tv series 一部电视连续剧注意：(1)series 属于单复数同形的单词，类似的单词还有 means, species, works(工厂)，deer, fish, sheep 等。(2)“a series of复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用单数，但“these/those series of复数名词”做主语时，谓语动词用复数。(1) then began _ _ _ wet days that spoiled our vacation.之后就是一连串的下雨天，把我们的假期弄得一团糟。(2)there _ a series of car accidents at the crossing this morning.今天早晨在十字路口发生了一连串的交通事故。a series ofwas5settle vi. 安家；定居；停留 vt. 使定居；安排；解决settle in/into (使)适应(新的家、工作、环境等)，习惯于；安顿下来settle down 安居下来；定居，过安定生活，舒适地坐下或躺下settle on/upon 同意，决定；在某处停留/栖息settle down to n/v.ingget down to n/v.ing开始认真做，专心于settle ones affairs 安排/解决好自己的事情settle a dispute/an argument 解决争端(1)she _ the city after her fathers death.父亲去世后她就在城市里定居了。(2)they _ in a friendly way.他们友好地解决了他们的争端。(3)lets _ the work.我们开始工作。settled insettled their quarrelsettle down to6suffer vt.& vi. 遭受；忍受；经历suffering n. (身体、精神上的)痛苦，苦恼、苦难的经历suffer pain/loss/defeat/punishment/hardship遭受痛苦/损失/失败/惩罚/艰难suffer from 受折磨，受之苦；患疾病(1)they _ a great loss in the earthquake.在地震中他们蒙受了巨大损失。(2)ill _ this rudeness no longer.我再也不能忍受这种粗鲁了。(3)hes _ a bad cold.他正患重感冒。(4)wars caused _ to this country.战争给这个国家带来了苦难。sufferedsuffersuffering fromsuffering7recover vi.&vt. 痊愈；恢复；重新获得recovery n. 恢复，复原；复得recover from sth. 从中恢复到正常状态(如健康、神智等)recover sth. from. 从中找回、重新获得recover oneself 清醒过来recover ones health/senses 恢复健康/知觉(1)liu xiang is still _ his operation. 手术后，刘翔仍在恢复之中。(2)he seemed upset but quickly _.他显得心烦意乱，但很快静下心来。(3)he has _ a slow _ the strain.他慢慢从紧张中恢复过来。recovering fromrecovered himselfmaderecovery from8add up 合计add sth. up 把加起来add up to 加起来共计/达add.to. 把加在/上add to 增加；增添add that.补充说(1)can you _ these figures _？你能把这些数字加起来吗？(2)all these figures _ 5 000.所有这些数字加起来共计5 000。(3)he _ some sugar _ the coffee.他给咖啡里加了些糖。(4)the bad weather _ our difficulty.坏天气增加了我们的困难。(5)he _ that he was satisfied with the talk.他补充说他对会谈很满意。addupadd up toaddedtoadded toadded9go throughexperience 经历，经受examine carefully 仔细检查look through 浏览，翻阅pass (through) 通过，经过be used up 用完写出下列各句中 go through 的意思。(1)we went through hardships while working on this project._(2)the teacher has gone through all the papers of the students. _(3)he has the habit of going through morning papers after getting up._(4)it took us three days to go through the forest._(5)ive gone through my ink._经历；经受仔细检查浏览，翻阅通过，穿过用完拓展：break through 冲破get through 完成，通过live through 活过look through 浏览cut through 穿过put through 接通电话10set down(1)write down 写下，记下(2)put down 放下，搁下(3)stop and allow sb. to get off 让某人下车(4)explain or describe to oneself as 解释为，认为(与 as 连用)(1)why dont you _ your ideas _ on paper? 为什么你不把你的想法写在纸上呢？(2)_ that heavy bag _ to have a rest.把那沉重的袋子放下，休息一会儿。(3)please _ me _ at the next corner.请在下一个拐角处让我下车。(4)i _ the man _ as a salesman.我认为那个人是位售货员。setdownsetdownsetdownsetdown拓展：set about doing sth.开始干某事(set out to do sth.)set off开始；出发(set out)；引爆set out出发；开始(后接to do)；陈列；阐述set up建立，创设，开办set back把(钟表指针)往回拨set aside留出；不顾；取消set free释放；解放set sb. a good example为树立好榜样11in order to 为了(1)in order to 引导的目的状语，可置于句首或句末，可换成 to (do sth.)。so as to 引导的目的状语，其位置一般在句末。(2)否定结构：in order not to do 和 so as not to do。(3)前后两部分主语一致时，才能用 in order to 或 so asto 来引导，否则，改用 so that 或 in order that 来引导。翻译句子。(1)为了看清楚，我戴上了眼镜。_(2)为了不丢掉工作，她向老板说了谎。_答案：(1)in order to see it clearly, i put on my glasses. i put on my glasses in order to see it clearly. i put on my glasses so as to see it clearly.i put on my glasses to see it clearly.to see it clearly i put on my glasses.(2)in order not to lose the job, she lied to the boss. 12get along/on with与相处 get along/on well/nicely with.进展(谈及或问及工作情况)(1)how is the work _？工作进展如何？(2)how are you _ your studies?你功课学得怎样？(3)selfish men are hard to _.自私的人很难相处。getting alonggetting along withget along with.重点句型详解1while walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.你在遛狗的时候不小心让狗松脱了，接着它被一辆小车撞着了。while walking the dogwhile you were walking the dog，这是状语从句的省略。在when, while, if, as if, though, as, where, unless等连词(词组)引导的状语从句中，如果谓语动词有be，而主语又跟主句的主语相同或为it时，则从句的主语和be常常省略。when (i was) in japan, i took many beautiful pictures.在日本时，我拍了许多漂亮的照片。while (i was) waiting, i read newspapers.我边等待，边看报纸。if (it were) not for you, we would not go there.要不是为你，我们就不会去那儿了。he looks as if (he were) drunk.他看上去像喝醉了。she went on working though (she was) exhausted.尽管她精疲力竭，但仍继续工作。fill in the blanks with the given words; change the form where (it is) necessary.用所给词填空，必要的地方改变形式。i wont go unless (im) invited.除非被邀请，否则我不会去。when first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.aintroducing bintroducedcintroduce dbeing introduced解析：将从句补全应为when these products were first introduced to the market，主从句主语一致且从句中有be，可以省略主语和be。答案：b2.tell him/her that he/she should have studied. 告诉他/她本该学习should have done结构表示过去应该做某事而事实上没有做；而shouldnt have done则表示过去本不该做某事而实际上却做了，两者皆含有“责备”的口吻。you should have finished your homework yesterday.你昨天就该做完作业。you shouldnt have told him about it.你本来不应该告诉他这件事情。拓展：其他“情态动词havedone”结构：(1)must have done对过去发生的事情的肯定推测。“一定”。(2)cant/couldnt have done对过去发生的事情的否定推测。“不可能”。(3)neednt have done过去没有必要做却做了。“本来没必要做”。(4)ought (not) to have doneshould (not) have done(5)might/may have done过去可能做了某事(可能性小)。“可能做了”。(6)could have done过去本可能做而未做。“本来能做”。(7)would have done愿意做某事却不能做。“本来想要做”。oh, im not feeling well in the stomach. i _ so much fried chicken just now.ashouldnt eat bmustnt have eatencshouldnt have eaten dmustnt eat解析：由just now可知，本题谈论过去之事。谈论过去之事，在should或must之后接不定式的完成式。must表示推测只用于肯定句中，shouldnt have done表说话之前不应该做某事，但事实上却做了，含有责备的口气。答案：c3.it was the first time in a year and a half that id seen the night face to face.这是我一年半以来第一次观察夜晚it is/was the first time(that).这是一个固定句式，it可换成this或that; first可换成second, third等，以表达不同的意义。this is the fourth time shes rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。it was the second time that he had been out with her alone.这是他第二次单独跟她外出。it will be the second time that i have got the prize.那将是我第二次获得该奖。提示：(1)it is the first time that.后接现在完成时；it was the first time that.后接过去完成时；it will be the first time that.后接现在完成时。(2)the first time可起从属连词作用，引导时间状语从句。the first time i saw her, my heart stopped.我第一次见到她时，心脏都停止了跳动。(3)for the first time意为“第一次”，单独用做状语。he was cheated for the first time.他第一次被骗了。have you ever been here before?no. this is the first time that i _ to the great wall.acomes bhave beenccame dhad come解析：this is the first time that.之后的从句需要用现在完成时态。答案：b4mother asked her if/whether she was very hot with so many clothes on.妈妈问她穿这么多衣服是不是很热。“withn.形容词/副词/介词短语/分词/动词不定式”这种结构在句中经常做状语，表示原因、方式或伴随状态。如果分词的动作与前面的名词是主动关系，用现在分词；如果是被动关系，则用过去分词；如果表示一个未来的动作就用不定式。he lay on his back, with his eyes looking up into the sky. 他躺着，眼瞅着天空。with his homework done, he went out to play.完成作业，他就出去玩了。with the guide to lead us, well have no difficulty finding his house.有导游带路，我们将不费力地找到他家。he came in, with a book in his hand.他手里拿着一本书走了进来。he is used to sleeping with the windows open.他已经习惯了开着窗户睡觉。he often sleeps with the light on.他经常开着灯睡觉。_ five minutes _ before the last bus left, we arrived at the station.athere were; go bwith; to gocit was; left dit had; left解析：本题考查with的复合结构，即“with宾语宾语补足语”。本题用不定式做宾补表示将来的动作。句意：在最后一班公交车离开的前五分钟，我们到了车站。答案：b易 错 点 拨自我完善误区备考1. calm/quiet/still/silent这几个词都与“静”有关，但它们所描述的物体、场合是不同的。(1)calm常指“天气平静，无风；海无浪；镇定，无忧虑；镇定自若”，强调外表的平静。(2)quiet表示“静止的；宁静的；不激动，没有烦恼、忧虑的”，强调没有干扰，没有兴奋活动或闹声的“宁静”或“心神安逸”。(3)still表示“静止不动的/地”“平静的/地”，突出不发出动作。(4)silent表示“声音极小的，沉默的，寡言的”。(1)ask the children to make less noise and keep _.(2)although she was frightened, she answered in a _ voice.(3)john is a _， thoughtful boy.(4)please stand _ while i am ready to take the photograph.quietcalmsilentstill2. power/right/strength/force/energy(1)power主要指做事所依靠的能力、功能，也可指人或机器等事物潜在的或发挥出来的力量，还可指职权、权力或政权。(2)right指“权利”。(3)strength指固有的潜力。说人时，指“力气”，说物时，指“强度”。(4)force主要指自然界的力量；暴力、势力以及法律、道德或感情的力量；军事力量等。(5)energy主要指人的精力或自然界中的能量。(1)youll need to apply all your _ to this job.(2)you have no _ to treat me like this.(3)congress has _ to declare war.(4)the _ of the explosion broke all the windows.(5)a washing machine is a saver of time and _.energyrightpowerforcestrength3. join in/take part in/attend/join(1)join in指参加正在进行着的活动，如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。也可用 join sb. in doing sth.。(2)take part in指参加会议或群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。part 前若有修饰语，要加不定冠词。(3)attend正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、上课、上学、听报告等，重在强调“参与”的动作，不强调参加者的作用。(4)join指参加某组织或团体，并成为其一员。其宾语往往是 the army/party/team/club/sb.。(1)would you _ us _ the game?(2)all the students _ school activities.(3)there are many people _ the meeting.(4)my brother _ the army last year.joinintook an active part inattendingjoined4连词doing/done(1)though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university.alacked blacking of clacking dlacked in解析：当从句的主语和主句的主语相同时，且从句的谓语是be动词时，可以省略从句主语和be动词，本句补全应该为：though(they were) lacking.答案：c(2)while _ the book on the top shelf, you need to be very careful.ato reach breachingcreach dare reaching解析：reach和you是主谓关系，要用现在分词做状语。答案：b(3)generally speaking, _ according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.awhen taking bwhen takencwhen to take dwhen to be taken解析：take和drug是动宾关系，要用过去分词做状语。可看做是when it is taken的省略。答案：b(4)the research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.abegins bhaving beguncbeginning dbegun解析：考查过去分词补充成条件状语从句的用法。句子应为once (the research is) begun。答案：d高 效 作 业自我测评技能备考.单词拼写1the snow is very _(疏松) and there is a lot of air in it.2his life is _(完全地) given up to work.3the _(幕布) rises and the play begins.4thats _(正是) what i expected.5to send me to college, my parents _(受苦) a lot.6our workmate has been in danger. were all c_ about his health.looseentirelycurtainexactlysufferedconcerned7they come from germany. they are g_.8on hot summer nights, people like to sit o_， chatting and enjoying the cool air.9im g _ for your help.10their age is from 13 to 19. they are called t_.germansoutdoorsgratefulteenagers .单项选择1my children are always arguing._ajust ignore them. bthats right.care you sure? dhow old is the boy?答案：a解析：对方在抱怨孩子们总吵架，应回答a项“别理他们”。2because he didnt finish the work on time and was fired by the company, he was very _ about it.aupset bworriedcanxious dnervous答案：a解析：由题意“没有按时完成工作就被公司解雇了”可知，选upset“苦恼的，心烦意乱的”。3please _ all the figures to see how much they _.aadd; add up to badd up; add up tocadd up; add up dadd; add to答案：b解析：第一空填add up“把加起来”；第二空填add up to “加起来总计”。4excuse me, can you tell me _？awhere the nearest post office isbhow far the capital airport waschow can i get to the stationdwhere is the station答案：a解析：考查直接引语变间接引语时从句用陈述语序，排除c、d项。b项时态不对。5 all my pockets have been _ but i cant find my keys.agot through bgiven outcgone through dgone down答案：c解析：考查动词短语辨析。语意：我找遍了所有的口袋，但是没有发现钥匙。此处的go through表示“仔细检查；搜查”。get through表示“通过；到达”，give out表示“分发”，go down表示“下降”，都不符合语意。6he got _ while _ the fire.aburning; putting out bburnt; put outcburning; put out dburnt; putting out答案：d解析：第一空got burntbe burnt“受伤”；第二空省略了he was。 7this is the first time i _ my first picture with my own hands.its time that you _ a picture for me.atook; took bhave taken; tookctook; will take dwill take; have taken答案：b解析：this is the first time后面的从句中用现在完成时；its time后面的从句中用一般过去时。8 it was lack of money, not of effort, _ defeated their plan.awhich bascthat dwhat答案：c解析：容易误选a，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句。其实，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为lack of money, not of effort。 9 the comments which she made _ the 2008 super voice girl bored a lot of fans to death.abeing concerned bto be concernedcconcerned dconcerning答案：d解析：考查非谓语动词。题干中which she made与concerning均作定语修饰comments，因concern与其逻辑主语之间为主谓关系，故用ving形式作后置定语。10_such heavy loss in the hurricane, the farmer didnt expect to have a good harvest.asuffering bhaving sufferedcsuffered dto suffer答案：b解析：考查非谓语动词。此句用现在分词的