高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（17） 外研版.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（17）及答案 when joan gave birth to the first boy in her family in three generations, she and her husband were overjoyed. so were her parents. joan expected her elder sister, sally, to be just as delighted as them. joan had always admired sally-the beauty and the star of the family-and felt happy about her achievements. but since the babys arrival, the sisters have become distant. joan feels hurt for sally seems completely uninterested in her baby. sally, who has no children, claims that her younger sister acts as if no one ever had a beby before. neither sally nor joan understands that the real cause of the current coldness is that their family roles have suddenly changed to the opposite. finally joan seems to be better than her elder sister-and sally doesnt like it! their distance may be temporary, but it shows that childhood competition dont fade easily as ages grow. it can remain powerful in relationships throughout life. in a study of the university of cincinnati,65 men and women between ages 25 and 93 were asked how they felt about their brothers and sisters. nearly 75 percent admitted having hidden competitive feelings. in a few cases, these emotions were so strong as to have affected their entire lives. many adult brothers and sisters are close, supportive-yet still tend to compete. two brothers i know turn into killers when on opposite sides of a tennis net. off the court, they are the best of friends. my own younger sister cant wait to tell me when ive put on weight. however, shes a terrible cook and that pleases me; i tease her when she comes to dinner. happily, despite these small failings, we have been an important resource for each other. in between the very competitive and the generally supportive children lie those who say that no friendship should survive. some brothers and sisters stay at arms length, hut never give up competition completely. why do these puzzling, unproductive, often painful relationships continue to exist?36. when joans son was born, sally .a. felt very happyb. was undelightedc. moved awayd. admired her a lot【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据sally seems completely uninterested in her baby. sally感到不高兴，故选b。37. what happens to childrens desire to compete with their brothers and sisters?a. it sometimes will disappear when they grow up.b. it will never disappear throughout life.c. it will improve their relationships when they grow up.d. it will never harm their relationships when they grow up.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据it shows that childhood competition dont fade easily as ages grow. it can remain powerful in relationships throughout life.在他们的一生中都存在对孩子渴望的竞争，故选b。38. what can we learn about the two brothers?a. they wanted to kill each other.b. they played tennis against others.c. they were enemies in their daily life.d. they were very good friends.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据they are the best of friends.两个兄弟是好朋友，故选d。39. why does the authors sister often tell her when shes put on weight?a. because she wants the author to go on a diet.b. because she wants the author to stop calling her a bad cook.c. because she wants to make fun of the authors weight.d. because she wants to be honest with the author.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据i tease her when she comes to dinner. happily, despite these small failings, we have been an important resource for each other.她想取笑作者的体重，故选c。40. the underlined sentence means that although some brothers and sisters .a. live near each other, they still have competitionsb. live away from each other, they stop their competitionsc. live together, they often think of ending their competitionsd. live within a big family, they often try to end their competitions【答案】a【解析】句意理解题。根据in between the very competitive and the generally supportive children lie those who say that no friendship should survive.可推出兄弟姐妹虽然住得很近，但是他们之间仍然存在竞争，故选a。 mr. peter johnson, aged twenty-three, battled for half an hour to escape from his trapped car yesterday when it landed upside down in three feet of water. mr. johnson took the only escape routethrough the boot(行李箱). mr. johnsons car had finished up in a ditch(沟渠) at romney marsin, kent after skidding on ice and hitting a bank. “fortunately, the water began to come in only slowly,” mr. johnson said. “i couldnt force the doors because they were jammed against the walls of the ditch and dared not open the windows because i knew water would come flooding in.” mr. johnson, a sweet salesman of sitting home, kent, first tried to attract the attention of other motorists by sounding the horn and hammering on the roof and boot. then he began his struggle to escape. later he said, “it was really a half penny that saved my life. it was the only coin i had in my pocket and i used it to unscrew the back seat to get into the boot. i hammered desperately with a hammer trying to make someone hear, but no help came.” it took ten minutes to unscrew the seat, and a further five minutes to clear the sweet samples from the boot. then mr. johnson found a wrench(扳子) and began to work on the boot lock. fifteen minutes passed by. “it was the only chance i had. finally it gave, but as soon as i moved the boot lid, the water and mud poured in. i forced the lid down into the mud and scrambled clear as the car filled up.” his hands and arms cut and bruised(擦伤), mr. johnson got to beckett farm nearby, where he was looked after by the farmers wife, mrs. lucy bates. huddled in a blanket, he said, “that thirty minutes seemed like hours.” only the tips of the car wheels were visible, police said last night. the vehicle had sunk into two feet of mud at the bottom of the ditch. 5. what is the best title for this newspaper article?a. the story of mr. johnson, a sweet salesman b. car boot can serve as the best escape route c. driver escapes through car boot d. the driver survived a terrible car accident 6. which of the following objects is the most important to mr. johnson?a. the hammer. b. the coin. c. the screw. d. the horn. 7. “finally it gave” (paragraph 5) means that _. a. luckily the door was torn away in the end b. at last the wrench went broken c. the lock came open after all his efforts d. the chance was lost at the last minute 8. it may be inferred from the passage that _. a. the ditch was along a quiet country road b. the accident happened on a clear warm day c. the police helped mr. johnson get out of the ditch d. mr. johnson had a tender wife and was well attended 58、 cbca interest in pursuing international careers has risen in recent years, as a result of chronic (长久的 ) personnel shortages that are causing companies to search beyond their home borders for talent. professionals seek career experience outside of their home countries for a variety of reasons. they may feel the need to recharge their batteries with a new challenge. they may want a position with more responsibility that encourages creativity and initiative. or they may wish to expose their children to another culture, and the opportunity to learn a second language. when applying for a job, one usually has to submit a resume or curriculum vitae (cv). the two terms generally mean the same thing: a one- or two-page document describing ones educational qualifications and professional experience. however, guidelines for preparing a resume are constantly changing. the best advice is to find out what is appropriate regarding the corporate (公司) culture, the country culture, and the culture of the person making the hiring decision. the challenge will be to embrace two or more cultures in one document. the following list is a good place to start. educational requirements differ from country to country. in almost every case of “cross-border” job hunting, just stating the title of your degree will not be an adequate description. provide the reader with details about your studies and any related experience. pay attention to the resume format you use chronological or reverse-chronological order. chronological order means listing your “oldest” work experience first. reverse-chronological order means listing your current or most recent experience first. most countries have preferences about which format is most acceptable. if you find no specific guidelines, the general preference is for the reverse-chronological format. if you are submitting your resume in english, find out if the recipient （收件人) uses british english or american english because there are variations between the two versions. for example, university education is often referred to as “tertiary education” in the united kingdom, but this term is almost never used in the united states. a reader who is unfamiliar with these variations may assume that your resume contains errors. 9. companies are hiring more foreign employees because _ . a. they find foreign employees are usually more talented b. they need original ideas from employees hired overseas c. they want to expand their business beyond home borders d. they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home 10. the author believes that an individual who applies to work overseas _ . a. is usually creative and full of initiative b. aims to improve his foreign language skills c. is dissatisfied with his own life at home d. seeks either his own or his childrens development 11. when it comes to resume writing, it is best to _ . a. take cultural factors into consideration b. learn about the companys hiring process c. follow appropriate guidelines for job hunting d. know the employers personal likes and dislikes 12. according to the authors last piece of advice, the applicants should be aware of _ . a. the different educational systems in the us and the uk b. the differences between the varieties of english c. the recipients preference with regard to the format d. the distinctive characteristics of american and british cultures 912、ddab taxi, the underground, drivingin london these means of transport are expensive. as a student on a budget, i couldnt afford the 30 pounds (around 300 yuan) fare for a taxi. even a bus was one pound and 20 pence (about 12 yuan) for a single ticket. i didnt need to travel this way anyway. i had mabel- my london bike. when i moved to beijing, like every foreigner, i was delighted to discover i could take a cab for cheaper than a single journey on the subway. but something was wrong. i missed mabel. that was when i met mandarin mabel also known as mandy, my beijing bike. in many ways, beijing is made for: it is a flat, easy land compared with hilly london. the cycling citys north/south/east/west square structure is also easier to travel than londons unplanned, twisting streets. however, beijing comes completely with its own dangers. the rules of the road areflexible. bikes, cars, passers-by all float up and down ways in both directions. compared with londons terrible cycle paths, in beijing, every road has huge, wide cycle ways. but cars, taxis and motorbikes see no reason why they shouldnt use the cycle ways as a shortcut, and why they shouldnt announce you to get out of their way when they do. beijing traffic is more good-natured. in london, the road is an active war. people shout, quarrel and beat on each others windows. in beijing zone, drivers never get actively angry. in fact, often they ignore cyclists. obviously that means its up to the cyclists to see them. mandy is a tree beijing bike. it is nearly broken, it makes loud noises every time you ride on it, and i have had to make several emergency repair stops for it. but cycling round beijing on a sunny day is a joy. it is just me, mandy and the city.41. what can we conclude from the first paragraph?a. bicycles are the most popular means of transport in london.b. to save money, the author used travel around by bus in london.c. the expense of public transport makes some people want to buy a bike.d. the author didnt travel around london because of lacking a bike.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据taxi, the underground, drivingin london these means of transport are expensive.乘坐其他的公共交通费用是高的，所以一些人想要买自行车，故选c。42. what does the author think of cycling around beijing?a. the citys twisting streets make it hard for the rider to find the way. b. cars, taxis and motorbikes on the cycle lane pose a threat to cyclists. c. with the flat land and wide cycle lanes, its safer to cycle in beijing than in london.d. cycling in bejing is safe because of its flexible rules.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据however, beijing comes completely with its own dangers. but cars, taxis and motorbikes see no reason why they shouldnt use the cycle ways as a shortcut汽车、出租车和摩托车占用自行车的车道对骑自行车的人造成了危险，故选b。43. what can we infer from the article?a. in the authors view, beijing drivers drive more safely.b. in london, cars, taxis and motorbikes are allowed to use the cycle paths.c. people in london follow the traffic rules more closely than those in beijing.d. mandy breaks down so easily that it makes the author miss her london bike mabel.【答案】c【解析】推理判断题。根据in london, the road is an active war. people shout, quarrel and beat on each others windows. in beijing zone, drivers never get actively angry. in fact, often they ignore cyclists. obviously that means its up to the cyclists to see them.可推出在伦敦的人比北京人更加遵守交通规则，故选c。44. the reason why drivers in beijing seldom get angry is that_.a. the cycle ways are fiatb. they care little about cyclistsc. they can even drive on the cycle waysd. people in beijing dont often ride bikes 【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据in fact, often they ignore cyclists.因为开车的人很少关心骑自行车的人，故选b。45. what does the article mainly talk about?a. to tell us what makes the author love cycling. b. to compare cycling in beijing with that in london.c. to introduce the differences between mabel and mandy. d. to explain why beijing is made for cycling.【答案】b【解析】主旨大意题。纵观短文的内容可知对于在北京与在伦敦骑自行车的情况作了比较，故选b。 psychiatrists (精神病专家) who work with older parents say that maturity can be an asset in child raisingolder parents are more thoughtful, use less physical discipline and spend more time with their children. but raising kids takes money and energy. many older parents find themselves balancing their limited financial resources, declining energy and failing health against the growing demands of an active child. dying and leaving young children is probably the older parents biggest, and often unspoken, fear. having late-life children, says an economics professor, often means parents, particularly fathers, “end up retiring much later.” for many, retirement becomes an unobtainable dream. henry metcalf a 54-year-old journalist, knows it takes money to raise kids. but hes also worried that his energy will give out first. sure, he can still ride bikes with his athletic fifth grader, but hes learned that young at heart doesnt mean young. lately hes been taking afternoon naps (午睡) to keep up his energy. “my body is aging,” says metcalf. “you cant get away from that.” often, older parents hear the ticking of another kind of biological clock. therapists who work with middle-aged and older parents say fears about aging are nothing to laugh at. “they worry theyll be mistaken for grandparents, or that theyll need help getting up out of those little chairs in nursery school,” says joann galst, a n