高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（55）.docVIP

2014高考英语阅读理解抓分训练（55）及答案阅读理解（201*广东卷）din a world with limited land, water and other natural resources(资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disppearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. people now realize that this unheathy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable(可持续的)ways. that means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. in other words, we should keep the healthy while using its supply of natural resources.today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries. according to a recent study, the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. china, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution. it is now trying hard to made full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. in addition, we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil(棕榈油), which is produced without cutting down valuabe rainforest. in recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown more than 50%.governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. first, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy. besides, stronger arrangement of public resouces like forests can also help to speed up the development. finally, governments can avoid the huge public expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accerlarate the change from the traditional model to a sustainable one.the major challenge of this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. that is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.41. the traditional business model is harmful because of all the following except that_.a.it makes the world warmerb. it consumes natural resoucesc. it brings severe damage to futured. it makes growth hard to continue42. what can we infer from paragraph2?a. china lacks wind and solar energyb. china is the leader of the low-carbon marketc. high-speed trains are a low-carbon developmentd. palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests43. to fully develop the low-carbon markets governments can_.a. cut public expensesb. forbid carbon emissionc.develop public resouscesd. encourage energy conservation44. we can learn from the last paragraph that business have many chances to _.a. develop sustainable productsb. explore new natural resouscesc. make full use of natural resouscesd. deal with the major challenge45. what is the main purpose of the passage?a. to introduce a new business modelb. to compare two business modelsc. to predict a change of the global marketsd. to advocate sustainable development【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。文章阐述了传统经济发展模式给地球带来了许多危害。这种发展模式破坏了毁坏了森林、使全球气候变暖等。现在低碳、可持续的经济发展模式成为许多国家的发展主流方向。中国政府正在充分发挥潜能大力开发新的低耗能、低排放的新能源市场。41.b考查细节理解。根据第一段可知：传统经济发展模式的危害是使全球气候变暖、不能持续发展、给未来发展造成损失。所以b正确。42.b考查推理判断。综合第二段的china, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy resolution及段意可知：中国在绿色环保、低能减排的市场上成为领军国家。故选b。43. d考查推理判断。根据first, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions(排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy可知选d。44.a考查推理判断。根据最后一段that is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.可知选a。45.d考查作者的写作意图。文章由传统经济发展模式的弊端引出可持续经济发展的模式，作者通篇阐释了可持续经济发展的模式的好处及发展方向。所以作者提倡可持续发展。(2012济南二月月考)our particular parenting style reflects our own way of “looking”. heres a great piece of writing reflecting parents particular ways on the parenting style that have become known humorously as helicopter parenting and submarine (潜水艇) parenting.helicopter parents hover over their children, managing every aspect of their childs life. on the contrary, submarine parents remain “hidden” coming to the surface when guidance is needed.while helicopter parents may have the best intentions, in reality, they are raising children with few problem solving skills. children with hovering parents never get the chance to face disappointment and build up their ability to recover from misfortune.think about your typical submarine. submarines usually remain underwater. in case of a need for emergency surfacing, submarines can rise so quickly they are driven partially out of the water. submarine parents also remain out of sight, yet able to pop up in the case of an emergency.i admit im a submarine mom. my job as a parent is to have fun with my daughters while letting them explore and learn natural consequences.my older daughter found herself acting in commercials and making more than minimum wage as a teen. to give her a sense of the real world, i insisted she spend three weeks every summer, picking strawberries and earning $3.50 on a good day.when my youngest daughter sondra was six, she wanted a very expensive american girl doll. i cut the full color 18“ picture out of the american girl catalogue and had it laminated (压膜). “heres your american girl doll.” i said “when you turn nine, ill buy you the 3d doll on your birthday.” sondra played with her flat doll for months, making clothes and furniture for her. she learned creativity. i saved $88.00.文章大意：本文讲述了不同种类的抚养孩子的方式。64what is the text mainly about?a. various means of transportation.b. funny experiences of a mom.c. humorous stories about parents.d. different styles of parenting.答案：d主旨大意题。由第一段可知，本文讲述不同种类的抚养孩子的方式，所以d项正确。65the underlined phrase “hover over” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to“_”a. leave behind b. fly aroundc. watch overd. set aside答案：c猜测词义题。由划线词后的“managing every aspect of their childs life.”和“on the contrary, submarine parents remain hidden”可知，划线词意思是“照看，照顾”，所以c项符合。66it can be inferred from the last two paragraphs that mom_.a. has good parenting skills b. is always making promisesc. is strict with her daughter d. tries her best to save money答案：a推理判断题。由最后两段可知，我是一名采用“潜水艇”式教育孩子的妈妈，所给的例句充分证明我是一位有着很棒的抚养孩子方法的妈妈。d(2012成都一诊)when most people think of giant pandas, the pictures of the cute, blackandwhite bears from china that eat bamboo will immediately jump into their mind. scientists from mississippi state university, however, are interested in what the bears leave behind: their poop(排泄物). at a recent meeting in denver, professor brown at the university presented her research showing how panda poop could inspire a new way to obtain energy from plants, which are a renewable energy source. usually, plants can be called biomass(有机燃料) when they are used as an energy source.burning biomass is one way to capture its energy, but brown hopes panda poop can teach scientists something about breaking down biomass. pandasor at least the bacteria in their stomachsare very good at getting energy out of bamboo. unlike cows, which use 4 stomachs to digest large amounts of grass, a panda has only one stomach. bamboo comes in, and poop goes out.every day for 14 months, brown and her team on this project, counted the bacteria in the poop of the two pandas, yaya and lele living at the memphis zoo. her studies turned up 12 species of bacteria that break down biomass, including one that had never been found in pandas. brown says that because the poop contains bacteria that break down biomass, it could also be used to break down other types of biomass.now the scientists hope to identify the chemicals that help with the process of breaking down biomass and then figure out how the bacteria work. if those chemicals can be made in the lab, they could be used to turn biomasslike grass or other plantsinto fuel.brown says she doesnt mind handling panda poop. “its probably the most pleasant material to work with，” she says, “my colleagues and i have been working with other poop for a long time, and we can assure you it has a fairly pleasant smell associated with it.”67the importance of studying panda poop is_.a. to create a renewable energy from plantsb. to explore a new way to get energy from plantsc. to learn a lesson of energy from panda poopd. to figure out how the bacteria work for us mankind答案：b细节理解题。由第一段第三句话“at a recent meeting in denver, professor brown at the university presented her research showing how panda poop could inspire a new way to obtain energy from plants.”可知，研究大熊猫粪便的重要性在于，它能为我们从植物中提取能量提供新路。68the process of the panda poop project can be described as_.aidentify the chemicals helpful to break down biomass.bfind the bacteria in panda poop which break down bamboo.creproduce the chemicals in the lab to turn biomass into energy.danalyze how the bacteria in panda poop work in pandas stomach.a. a, b, d, c b. a, d, c, b c. b, a, d, c d. b, d, a, c答案：c细节理解题。由第三、四段可知，该项目的步骤是找出熊猫排泄物中能分解竹子的细菌；然后确认那些有助于分解有机燃料的细菌；再分析这些细菌是怎样工作的；最后在实验室复制这些细菌用于分解有机燃料。所以b项正确。69what does the author mainly want to express in the 2nd paragraph?apandas dont digest bamboo the same way as cows.bpandas are capable of getting energy using stomachs.cpandas can get energy from bamboo more efficiently.dscientists have learnt something new from panda poop.答案：c推理判断题。第二段第二句话“pandasor at least the bacteria in their stomachsare very good at getting energy out of bamboo.”是该段的中心句。70what does professor brown think of working with panda poop?a. sick b. challenging c. inspiring d. enjoyable答案：d推理判断题。由最后一段的用词“doesnt mind”和“pleasant”可知，布朗教授对于该项工作感觉很享受。hans was an honest fellow with a funny round good-humored face. living alone, every day he worked in his garden. in all the countryside there was no garden so lovely as his. all sorts of flowers grew there, blooming in their proper order as the months went by, one flower taking another flowers place, so that there were always beautiful things to see, and pleasant odors to smell. hans had many friends, the most devoted being the miller. so devoted was the rich miller to hans that hed never go by his garden without plucking a large bunch of flowers or a handful of sweet herbs, or filling his pockets with fruits. the miller used to talk about noble ideas, and hans nodded and smiled, feeling proud of having such a friend. the neighbors thought it strange that the rich miller never gave hans anything in return, though he had hundreds of sacks of flour, many cows and sheep, but hans never troubled his head about these, and nothing gave him greater pleasure than to listen to all the wonderful things about the unselfishness of true friendship. in spring, summer, and autumn hans was very happy, but when winter came, and he had no fruit or flowers to sell, he suffered from cold and hunger. though extremely lonely, the miller never came to see him then. “theres no good in going to see hans while the snow lasts.” the miller said to his wife, “when people are in trouble they shouldnt be bothered. so ill wait till the spring comes when hes happy to give me flowers.” “youre certainly very thoughtful,” answered his wife, “its quite a treat to hear you talk about friendship.” “couldnt we ask hans up here?” said their son. “ill give him half my meal, and show him my white rabbits.” “how silly you are!” cried the miller. “i really dont know whats the use of sending you to school. if hans came up here, and saw our warm fire, our good supper, and our red wine, he might get envious, and envy is a most terrible thing, and would spoil anybodys nature. i am his best friend, and ill always watch over him, and see that hes not led into any temptation. besides, if hans came here, he might ask me for some flour. flour is one thing, and friendship is another, and they shouldnt be confused. the words are spelt differently, and mean quite different things. everybody can see that.” he looked seriously at his son, who felt so ashamed that he hung his head down, and grew quite scared, and began to cry into his tea. spring coming, the miller went down to see hans. again he talked about friendship. “hans, friendship never forgets. im afraid you dont understand the poetry of life. see, how lovely your roses are!” hans said he wanted to sell them in the market to buy back his things which were sold during the hard time of the winter. “ill give you many good things. i think being generous is the base of friendship.” said the miller. “and now, as ill give you many good things, im sure youd like to give me some flowers in return. heres the basket, and fill it quite full.” poor hans was afraid to say anything. he ran and plucked all his pretty roses, and filled the millers basket, imagining the many good things promised by the miller. the next day he heard the miller calling: “hans, would you mind carrying this sack of flour for me to market?” “im sorry, but i am really very busy today.” “well,” said the miller, “considering that im going to give you my things, its rather unfriendly of you to refuse. upon my word, you mustnt mind my speaking quite plainly to you.” poor hans was driven by his friendship theory to work hard for his best friend, leaving his garden dry and wasted. one evening hans was sitting by fire when the miller came. “hans,” cried the miller, “my little boy has fallen off a ladder and hurt himself, and im going for the doctor. but he lives so far away, and its such a bad windy night. it has just occurred to me that you can go instead of me. you know im going to give you my good things, so you should do something for me in return.” “certainly,” cried hans. he struggled into the stormy night, and got the doctor to ride a horse to the millers house in time to save the boy. however, hans got lost in the darkness, and wandered off into a deep pool, drowned. at hans funeral, the miller said, “i was his best friend. i should walk at the head of the procession.” every now and then he wiped his eyes with a handkerchief. 16. from the passage, we can learn that hans _. a. was extremely wise and nobleb. was highly valued by the miller c. admired the miller very muchd. had a strong desire for fortune17. “flour is one thing, and friendship is another” can be understood as _. a. “different words may mean quite different things.” b. “interest is permanent while friendship is flexible.” c. “im afraid you dont understand the poetry of life.” d. “i think being generous is the base of friendship.”18. from the millers talk at home, we can see he was _. a. serious but kind b. helpful and generousc. caring but strict d. selfish and cold-hearted19. whats the main cause of hans tragedy? a. true friendship between them.b. a lack of formal education. c. a sudden change of weather.d. blind devotion to a friend. 20. the author described the millers behavior in order to _. a. entertain the readers with an incredible joking tale b. show the friendship between hans and the miller c. warn the readers about the danger of a false friend d. persuade people to be as intelligent as the miller参考答案1620、cbddc friday, dec5, 2008college students who think all-night study sessions will help them remember facts might want to get some sleep insteadthats the message from a new study that finds that as you sleep, the mind consolidates the things you learn during the daystudy participants who learned how to play a video game in the morning or evening did a better job the next day after a nights rest, apparently because their brains were actively absorbing what theyd learned as they sleptthe finding shows that sleep is not just a passive state when no information is coming in, said howard nusbaum, a professor of psychology at the university of chicagofor the study, the researchers recruited 200 college studentsmost of them werent very familiar with playing video gamessome of the participants learned how to play the games in the morning, while others learned in the eveningthe researchers then tested the subjects on the video games 12 hours later and 24 hours laterthose who took part in the morning training sessions showed an average eight-percentage-point improvement in their performance immediately after trainingthey performed more poorlyscoring four percentage points better12 hours laterbut they scored 10 percentage points better the next morningif we train you in the morning and come back at the end of the day, you forget some of what you learned, nusbaum saidbut if you sleep after that, it restores some of what you learned the students who took part in the evening training sessions performed better the next morning after sleeping, than they did after being trainedthe role that dreams play in the learning processif anyisnt clearbut some dreams could serve as a kind of practice for the brain, nusbaum saidif you play a video game a lot, and youre playing in your dreams, maybe that could help you learnjerry siegel, professor at the center for sleep research at the university of calfornia, los angeles, said going without sleep hurts performance, but hes not convinced that sleep itself actively contributes to learningif you take a break for a few hours, it can easily be shown that learning did occur, because performance is better at the start of a new learning session than it was at the end of the initial session, he saidno sleep needs to occur for this to happen still,