高考英语阅读理解精品训练题（3）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精品训练题（3）及答案（解析）c62012北京卷 wilderness“in wilderness (荒野) is the preservation of the world.” this is a famous saying from a writer regarded as one of the fathers of environmentalism. the frequency with which it is borrowed mirrors a heated debate on environmental protection: whether to place wilderness at the heart of what is to be preserved.as john sauven of greenpeace uk points out, there is a strong appeal in images of the wild, the untouched; more than anything else, they speak of the nature that many people value most dearly. the urge to leave the subject of such images untouched is strong, and the danger exploitation(开发)brings to such landscapes(景观)is real. some of these wildernesses also perform functions that humans needthe rainforests, for example, store carbon in vast quantities. to mr. sauven, these “ecosystem services” far outweigh the gains from exploitation.lee lane, a visiting fellow at the hudson institute, takes the opposing view. he acknowledges that wildernesses do provide useful services, such as water conservation. but that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation. there are ever more people on the earth, and they reasonably and rightfully want to have better lives, rather than merely struggle for survival. while the ways of using resources have improved, there is still a growing need for raw materials, and some wildernesses contain them in abundance. if they can be tapped without reducing the services those wildernesses provide, the argument goes, there is no further reason not to do so. being untouched is not, in itself, a characteristic worth valuing above all others.i look forward to seeing these views taken further, and to their being challenged by the other participants. one challenge that suggests itself to me is that both cases need to take on the question of spiritual value a little more directly. and there is a practical question as to whether wildernesses can be exploited without harm.this is a topic that calls for not only free expression of feelings, but also the guidance of reason. what position wilderness should enjoy in the preservation of the world obviously deserves much more serious thinking.67john sauven holds that _.amany people value nature too muchbexploitation of wildernesses is harmfulcwildernesses provide humans with necessitiesdthe urge to develop the ecosystem services is strong68what is the main idea of para.3?athe exploitation is necessary for the poor people.bwildernesses cannot guarantee better use of raw materials.cuseful services of wildernesses are not the reason for no exploitation.dall the characteristics concerning the exploitation should be treated equally.69what is the authors attitude towards this debate?aobjective. bdisapproving.csceptical. doptimistic.70which of the following shows the structure of the passage?cp：central pointp：pointsp：subpoint(次要点)c：conclusion【要点综述】本文是一篇关于荒野保护的文章。作者从两个方面论述了人们的观点，并对于这一论题提出了自己的看法。67. b细节理解题。作者在第二段中主要论述不应该开发荒野的观点，并通过john sauven 的视角“and the danger exploitation(开发) brings to such landscapes(景观) is real.”予以说明。所以正确答案应为b。68. c细节理解题。作者在第三段主要论述可以开发荒野的观点，并通过lee lane 的视角“but that is not, he argues, a reason to avoid all human presence, or indeed commercial and industrial exploitation.”说明荒野可以开发。所以选c。69. a推理判断题。 作者从正反两方面对荒野开发进行了论述，谨慎地发表了看法，所以态度比较客观，故选a。objective客观的；disapproving反对的；sceptical怀疑的；optimistic乐观的。70. d文章结构题。 本文作者首先提出中心论点，然后从正反两个方面进行了论述，然后回到自己的观点，最后对自己的观点做了进一步的阐释。因此d为最佳答案。 the answer is right there above you.if you put a buzzard in a fence six to eight feet square and entirely open at the top，the bird，in spite of its ability to fly, will be an absolute prisoner. the reason is that a buzzard always begins a flight from the ground with a run of ten to twelve feet. without space to run，as is its habit, it will not even attempt to fly, but remain a prisoner for life in a small jail with no top.the ordinary bat flying around at night is a remarkable quick-moving creature in the air. but placed on the floor or flat ground, it has to shuffle about helplessly and, no doubt, painfully ，until it reaches some slight elevation from which it can throw itself into the air. then，at once，it takes off like a flash,a bumblebee if dropped into an open tumbler (平底玻璃杯）will be there until it dies, unless it is taken out. it never sees the means of escape at the top，but keeps trying to find some way out through the sides near the bottom.in many ways, there are lots of people like the buzzard, the bat and the bumblebee. they are struggling about with all their problems and frustrations，not realizing that the answer is right there above them.64. based on paragraph 1, in what case can a buzzard fly?a. it s not old enough.b. its caught in a fence.c. its a prisoner in a small jail.d. its got enough space to run.65 the underlined word “shuffle”（in para. 2) is closest in meaning to “_a. walk slowlyb, mix upc. fly lowd. run fast66. how can the bumblebee get out of an open tumbler by itself according to the text? a. it can be taken out,b. it can escape at the top.c. it can get out through the side,d. it can jump up from the bottom.67. the author expresses his views by_.a making a speechb. using examplesc. making a comparisond. giving advice【文章大意】抬头就是希望。本文讲的是把秃鹫放在一个68平方英尺的无围顶栏里，这只大鸟尽管会飞也绝对会成为这栏中之囚。同样也有蝙蝠和大黄蜂。其实很多人也像他们一样，使尽浑身解数解决问题，克服挫折，却没有意识到答案就在正上方。注意：阅读文章有标题的一定要注意标题。64. 【答案】d【解析】根据第一段最后一句话可知。【考点定位】考查细节推断。65. 【答案】a【解析】句意：如果把它放在地板或平地上，它只会无助的挪动。根据上下句可知它不能飞翔。故选a。b项，混合；c项，低飞；d项，速跑【考点定位】考查词义猜测。66. 【答案】b【解析】根据第三段第二句可知选b【考点定位】考查细节理解。67. 【答案】c【解析】根据文章最后一段第一句可知文章通过把人和buzzard，bat以及bumblebee进行对比而阐述事理的。故选c。【考点定位】考查写作手法。(2011江南十校二模，a)children today are crazy about roller skating，for its easy and fun. after supper on week days，anytime on weekends and especially any day in school holidays，so many roller skaters flow into streets, squares，parks and playgrounds. what a beautiful sight!but a long time ago, roller skating was a different story. before 1750，the idea of skating didnt exist. that changed because of a man named joseph merlin，whose work was making musical instruments. in his spare time he liked playing the violin. merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. people called him a dreamer.one day merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball. very pleased and a little excited, he accepted it. as the day of the party came near, merlin began to think hard how to make a grand entrance at the party. a strange idea struck him one dayhe would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.he tried different ways to make himself roll. finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. these were the first roller skates. very proud of his invention, he couldnt wait for the special day to come，when he would arrive at the party on wheels while playing the violin.on the night of the party merlin did as he had planned, rolling into the room playing his violin. quite astonished，all present cast their eyes over him. then, unexpectedly, came one problem. merlin had no way to stop his roller skates. he rolled on and on. suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. nobody forgot merlins grand entrance for a long time!本文讲述了轮式滑冰创始人怎样首次使他的这项发明面世的一件趣事。1merlin was considered a dreamer because he _.a. always dreamed while sleeping b. invented the roller skatesc. often gave others surprises d. had very rich imagination答案：d。事实细节题。由第2段倒数第2句“merlin was a man of ideas and dreams.”可知答案。2merlin roller skated into the room in order to _.aarrive at the party on timebimpress the party guestsctest his new roller skatesdmake the host satisfied答案：b。事实细节题。由第3段倒数第1句“.he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.”可知答案。3the main point the writer tries to make in the last paragraph is _.athe party guests laughed at merlinbthe roller skates needed improvingcmerlin succeeded beyond expectationdmerlin got himself into great trouble答案：c。推理判断题。在尾段中，作者既写到意料之中的事(merlin穿着旱冰鞋参加聚会，引起满堂宾客的注意)又提到意料之外的事(他撞落墙上的大镜子)，两件事的同时发生使得merlin获得了意想不到的成功。4the text is mainly about _.aan unusual partybthe origin of roller skatingca funny musiciandthe great joy merlin brought答案：b。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍的是roller skating(轮式滑冰)的起源。故选b。 renowned chinese author mo yan has gained many new admirers after winning the 2012 nobel prize for literature. several major publishing houses in china said they would include some of mo s short stories in their textbooks for middle and high school students.these announcements have given rise to fierce debate. some criticize publishers for seeking fame and others wonder if middle school students have enough literary knowledge to truly appreciate mo s works. mo yan has been a well-regarded writer in china for many years. but textbook publishers never showed their interest in his works before. now they are all rushing to include mo s short stories, weeks after the author won a nobel prize their timing invites suspicion.in contrast，supporters say that mo s prose is beautiful and can inspire students love for the chinese language.by having won a nobel prize, mo can have a very positive effect on getting more young people interested in literature. including mo s works in textbooks can draw the attention of young students and improve their lit