语法专练一Microsoft Office Word 97-2003 文档.doc

语法专练一、 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech 直接引语和间接引语 直接引语：直接引述别人的话（句子中有“”）。 间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话（句子中一般无“”） 1. She said, “I will come this evening.” She said that she would come that evening.2. He said, “I have been doing it for hours.”He said that he had been doing it for hours.3. “I know it,” he said.He said that he knew it. 二变换类型1直接引语为陈述句 直接引语为陈述句，用that引导（口语中可以省略）,引述动词有：say, tell等。一般的规则：一随主，二随宾，三不变.陈述句变间接引语要注意： 1、 人称的变化 一主：如果直接引语中的人称为第一人称，变为间接引语时，就要将它变为与主句 主语相一致的人称.Eg:“I went to the Great Wall yesterday, ”Li Hua said. LiHuasaidthathehadgoneto theGreatWallthedaybefore(Ihe) 二宾：如果直接引语中的人称为第二人称，变为间接引语时，就要将它变为与主句 宾语相一致的人称。Eg:“YouspeakEnglishverywell.”theteachersaidtome.TheteachertoldmeIspokeEnglishverywell.(youI) 三不变：如果直接引语中的人称为第三人称，变为间接引语时就不作任何改变。Eg:“Hellbebackinfivedays.Mr.Wusaid. Mr.Wusaidthathewouldbebackinfivedays. (hehe)2、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语和动词的变化 指示代词变化: thisthat, thesethose, 时间状语变化: nowthen, todaythat day, this eveningthat evening,yesterdaythe day before, yesterday morningthe morning before, last weekthe week before, agobefore, tomorrowthe next day,next week（month/year） the next week （month/year）,the day before yesterday two days before等. 地点状语变化: herethere. 谓语动词变化: bringtake,comego.eg: “This house is very expensive,” she said. She said that house was very expensive.3、时态的变化 一般来讲,直接引语变为间接引语时,时态要有所变化,使从句时态与主句时态一致.直接引语 间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时一般将来时 过去将来时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去完成时（不变）过去进行时 过去进行时（不变）eg:“llike English very much,”he said.He said that he liked English very much.例如： The teacher said, “John, you must bring your book to the class. ”第三者说：The teacher told John that he must bring his book to the class.别人对约翰说：The teacher said that you must bring your book to the class.约翰自己说：The teacher said that I must bring my book to the class.练一练：把下列句子变为直接引语或间接引语。 1. “I dont want to go there with Alice,” said Tom.Tom said that he didnt want to go there with Alice.2. They said, “We will go there by bus.3. He said, “I had finished my homework.”_4. He said, “You havent changed much.” _5. He said, “The man came at six this morning.”_6. He said, “My sister was here three days ago, but she is not here now.”_AWe all need to exercise. Doctors say it is good for us. It makes your heart and body strong. It also gives you more energy. And you will feel better about yourself. Its best to exercise twice a week. Twenty minutes each time is enough.There are many ways to exercise. You can walk, run, play sports, or swim. Many people go to special places to exercise.They are called “fitness centers (健身中心).” These places have a lot of equipments (设备). Some people buy equipments for their homes. But theyre very expensive.Exercising can be fun. Friends can exercise together at the fitness center. Or they can play sports together. How do you exercise?1. We should exercise_.A. every day B. 20 minutes a week C. twice a week D. once a week 2. Which of these kinds of exercising is not in the article?A. Walking B. Running C. Swimming D. Dancing 3.At fitness centers, _.A. you can buy expensive equipments B. people can do many kinds of exercisingC. it is very expensive D. it is very cheap4. Which of these sentences about exercising is true? A. Exercising is expensive. B. Exercise is good for your heart.C. Only doctors exercise. D. Exercise is bad for your heart.5. What is the main idea? A. We all need to exercise. B. Exercise equipments are expensive. C. Playing sports is a good way to exercise. D. There are a lot of equipments in fitness centers.BWhen Mr. David retired, he bought a small house in a village near the sea. He liked it and hoped to live a quiet life in it.But to his great surprise, many tourists came to see his house in summer holidays, for it was the most interesting building in the village. From morning to night there were tourists outside the house. They kept looking into the rooms through the windows and many of them even went into Mr. Davids garden. This was too much for Mr. David. He decided to drive the visitors away. So he put a notice on the window. The notice said: “If you want to satisfy your curiosity, came in and look round. Price : twenty dollars.” Mr. David was sure that the visitors would stop coming, but he was wrong. More and more visitors came and Mr. David had to spend every day showing them around his house. “I came here to retire, not to work as a guide.” he said angrily. In the end, he sold the house and moved away.6、Mr. Davids house was that many tourists came to see it.Aso smallBso quietCso interestingDsuch interesting7、Mr. David put a notice on the window in order .Ato drive the visitors away Bto satisfy the visitors curiosityCto let visitors come in and look round Dto get some money out of the visitors8、The notice made the visitors .Amore interested in his house Blost interest in his houseCangry at the unfair price Dfeel happy about the price9、After Mr. David put up the notice .Athe visitors didnt come any longer Bfewer and fewer visitors came to see his houseCmore and more tourists came for a visit Dno tourist would pay the money for a visit10、At last he had to sell his house and move away because .Ahe did not like it at all Bhe could not work as a guide Che could not live a quiet life in it D. he made enough money and wanted to buy a new expensive house答案：1-5 CDAB