高考英语阅读理解提升全程训练（3）(1).doc

2014高考英语阅读理解提升全程训练（3）及答案阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。asuppose you are a visitor in the land of mongolia（蒙古）, some friends ask you to eat with them. what kind of manners do they want you to have? they want you to give a loud burp（打饱嗝儿）after you finish eating. burping would show that you like your food. in some countries, if you give a big burp, you are told to say “excuse me, please”.in many places people like to eat together. but in some parts of polynesia it is bad manners to be seen eating at all. people show their good manners by turning their backs on others while they eat.what are manners like in an east african town? the people try not to see you. they are being polite. you may see a friend. he may not see you at all. if you are polite, you will sit down beside him. you will wait until he finishes what he is doing. then he will talk to you. manners are different all over the world. but it is good to know that all manners begin in the same way. people need ways to show that they want to be friends.71. in mongolia, burping is a way of showing that _. a . you are impolite b . you enjoyed the meal prepared by the host c . your meal was not enough d . you are friendly with your host72. however, in some countries, if you give a big burp, you are told to say “_” a . im full b . im sorry c . i have had enough d . excuse me, please73. in polynesia, to be polite while eating you should _. a . eat quickly b . sit still c . turn your back on others d . say “be quick, please”74. people in an east african town are being polite by _. a . waiting for a long time before visits b . sitting down beside others c . seeing a friend quickly d . trying not to see you75. we have good manners to show that we _. a . are different from other people b . dont want other people to worry us c . begin all manners in the same way d . want to be friends with other people参考答案-7175 bdcdd 阅读理解-（a）sports shoes that out whether their owner has enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the uk. the shoesnamed square eyescontain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. a wireless transmitter passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the days efforts. the design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among british teenagers, says gillian swan, who developed square eyes as a final year design project at brunel university to london, uk. “we looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,” she says. “and i wanted to tackle that with my design.” once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. and further time in front of the tv can only be earned through more steps. swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. so, every 100 steps recorded by the square eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of tv time. existing pedometers （计步器） normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. but her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. “it is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,” she says. “that was one of my main design considerations.” ( ) 1. according to swan, the purpose of her design project is to _. a. keep a record of the steps of the wearer b. deal with overweight among teenagers c. enable children to resist the temptation of tv d. prevent children from being tricked by tv programs( ) 2. which of the following is true of square eyes shoes? a. they regulate a childs evening tv viewing time. b. they determine a childs daily pocket money. c. they have raised the hot issue of overweight. d. they contain information of the receiver. ( ) 3. what is stressed by health experts in their suggestion? a. the exact number of steps to be taken. b. the precise number of hours spent on tv. c. the proper amount of daily exercise and tv time. d. the way of changing steps into tv watching time. ( ) 4. compared with other similar products, the new design _. a. makes it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat b. counts the wearers steps through shaking c. records the sudden movement of the wearer d. sends teenagers health data to the receiver ( ) 5. which of the following would be the best title for the text? a. smart shoes decide on television time b. smart shoes guarantee more exercise c. smart shoes measure time of exercise d. smart shoes stop childhood overweight71. b 这是一道推断题。根据第三段“we looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,she says,and i want to tackle that with my design .”可以推断出这个设计是为了解决孩子超重的问题。72. a 这是一道推断题。根据第四段“once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. and further time in front of the tv can only be earned through more steps.”可知这种鞋利用走路的步数来控制孩子看电视的时间。73. c 这是一道推断题。根据第五段“health experts suggest that a child take 12 000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television.”可以推断出健康专家给出了每天合适的运动量和看电视时间。74. a 这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. but her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat.”可以推断出类似产品可以用晃动来作弊,但是她设计的鞋使得懒惰的青少年很难作弊。75. a 这是一道主旨题。本文主要介绍了一款智能运动鞋,利用孩子们每天的走步数来决定看电视的时间,起到控制体重的作用。社会生活类brrriiinnng. the alarm clock announces the start of another busy weekday in the morning. you jump out of bed, rush into the shower, into your clothes and out the door with hardly a moment to think. a stressful journey to work gets your blood pressure climbing. once at the office, you glance through the newspaper with depressing stories or reports of disasters. in that sort of mood, who can get down to work, particularly some creative, original problem- solving work?the way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible, open- minded thinking. imaginative ideas are most likely to come to us when were unfocused. if you are one of those energetic morning people, your most inventive time comes in the early evening when you are relaxed. sleepy peoples lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problem solving. by not giving yourself time totune into your wandering mind, youre missing out on the surprising solutions it may offer.the trip you take to work doesnt help, either. the stress slows down the speed with which signals travel between neurons (神经细胞) , making inspirations less likely to occur. and while we all should read a lot about whats going on in the world, it would not make you feel good for sure, so put that news website or newspaper aside until after the days work is done.so what would our mornings look like if we wanted to start them with a full capacity for creative problem solving? wed set the alarm a few minutes early and lie awake in bed, following our thoughts where they lead. wed stand a little longer under the warm water of the shower, stopping thinking about tasks in favor of a few more minutes of relaxation. wed take some deep breaths on our way to work, instead of complaining about heavy traffic. and once in the officeafter we get a cup of coffeewed click on links not to the news of the day but to the funniest videos the web has to offer.1. according to the author, we are more creative when we are.a. focused b. relaxedc. awaked. busy2. what does the author imply about newspapers?a. they are solution providers.b. they are a source of inspiration.c. they are normally full of bad news.d. they are more educational than websites.3. by tune into your wandering mind” (in para. 2) , the author means.a. wander into the wildb. listen to a beautiful tunec. switch to the traffic channeld. stop concentrating on anything4. the author writes the last paragraph in order to.a. offer practical suggestionsb. summarize past experiencesc. advocate diverse ways of lifed. establish a routine for the future【参考答案】40.bcda阅读理解-（b）pacing and pausing sara tried to befriend her old friend steves new wife, but betty never seemed to have anything to say. while sara felt betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation, betty complained to steve that sara never gave her a chance to talk. the problem had to do with expectations about pacing and pausing. 21世纪教育网/gaokao/beijing conversation is a turn-taking game. when our habits are similar, theres no problem. but if our habits are different, you may start to talk before im finished or fail to take your turn when im finished. thats what was happening with betty and sara. it may not be coincidental that betty, who expected relatively longer pauses between turns, is british, and sara, who expected relatively shorter pauses, is american. betty often felt interrupted by sara. but betty herself became an interrupter and found herself doing most of the talking when she met a visitor from finland. and sara had a hard time cutting in on some speakers from latin america or israel. 21世纪教育网/gaokao/beijing the general phenomenon, then, is that the small conversation techniques, like pacing and pausing, lead people to draw conclusions not about conversational style but about personality and abilities. these habitual differences are often the basis for dangerous stereotyping (思维定式). and these social phenomena can have very personal consequences. for example, a woman from the southwestern part of the us went to live in an eastern city to take up a job in personnel. when the personnel department got together for meetings, she kept searching for the right time to break in-and never found it. although back home she was considered outgoing and confident, in washington she was viewed as shy and retiring. when she was evaluated at the end of the year, she was told to take a training course because of her inability to speak up. thats why slight differences in conversational style-tiny little things like microseconds of pause-can have a great effect on ones life. the result in this case was a judgment of psychological problems-even in the mind of the woman herself, who really wondered what was wrong with her and registered for assertiveness training.( ) 1. what did sara think of betty when talking with her? a. betty was talkative. b. betty was an interrupter. c. betty did not take her turn. 21世纪教育网/gaokao/beijing d. betty paid no attention to sara.( ) 2. according to the passage, who are likely to expect the shortest pauses between turns? a. americans. b. israelis. c. the british. d. the finns.( ) 3. we can learn from the passage that _ a. communication breakdown results from short pauses and fast pacingb. women are unfavorably stereotyped in eastern cities of the us c. ones inability to speak up is culturally determined sometimesd. one should receive training to build up ones confidence( ) 4. the underlined word assertiveness in the last paragraph probably means _ a. being willing to speak ones mindb. being able to increase ones powerc. being ready to make ones own judgment 21世纪教育网/gaokao/beijing d. being quick to express ones ideas confidently64.c细节题，难题。难在弄不清谁是s谁是b，耐心读，动笔划，从第一段得出正确答案并不难：sara felt betty didnt hold up her end of the conversation65.b细节排序题，难题。还是耐心读，动笔划。s代表美国人，b代表英国人（加起来？），s比b期待谈话间隙时间更短，又在以色列人(israelis)说话时插不上嘴，故答案选说话嗒嗒嗒嗒的以色列人。 66.c变态细节题，较难题。a不符原文，b无中生有，d无中生有，c关键要理解culturally determined，由文化决定或者受文化影响。67.a词义猜测题，较难。难点在于a选项的干扰作用。原文说那位mm的inability to speak up注意别人认为她没能力，不是说她不愿意。所以d比a好，此处用反义对比方法。较难题目特训：科普知识类do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? well, apparently its because we have mirror neurons (神经元) in our brains. put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. this explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. but the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. a group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “the hand took hold of the ball”) , the same mirror neurons weretriggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually ta