最新高考主谓一致.doc

在英语中，句子谓语动词的形式应与句子的主语在人称和数上保持一致。主谓一致主要分为语法一致、意义一致以及就近一致三种。近年来高考对主谓一致的考查主要集中在语法一致和意义一致上，就近一致相对来说考查较少，并且高考常常将主谓一致与动词的时态和语态结合起来进行综合考查。对于主谓一致这个语法点来说，了解和掌握各种一致的基本原则是关键，掌握了基本的用法之后就像套数学公式一样代入即可。(一)语法填空常考点典题感悟(考什么、怎么考)谨记规律(为什么、怎么办)(2016全国卷)Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is (be) often acceptable.(2014广东高考)We were_told (tell) that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week, but for the week after.(2012陕西高考改编)The basketball coach, as well as his team, was_interviewed (interview) shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.语法一致原则(1)主语和谓语通常遵循语法一致的原则，即主语是单数形式时，谓语动词用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。(2)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。(湖南高考改编)Either you or one of your students _is (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.There is (be) a cup of tea and some apples on the table.就近一致原则 (1)由or, either .or ., neither . nor ., not only .but also .等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 (2)由there, here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。A needle and thread was_given (give) to her, but she could not sew the button on.To go to bed early and to rise early is_ (be) a good habit.Many a teacher and many a student has (have) seen the film.意义一致原则(1)由连词and连接的并列成分指的是同一概念，兼具身份或匹配出现(不可分割的整体)时，谓语动词用单数。 (2)“no/each/every/many a单数名词andno/each/every/many a单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 (3)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。(2014湖南高考改编)All we need is (be) a small piece of land where we can plant various kinds of fruit trees throughout the growing seasons of the year.(2011安徽高考改编)The factory used 65 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which were (be) saved for other purposes. (2011湖南高考改编)Onethird of the country is (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are (be) black people.主谓一致的3种特殊情况(1)all, the rest, the remaining/part .主语，谓语动词应根据句子所表达的单复数意义而定。(2)“几分之几/百分之几of名词”结构作主语时，一般根据of后的名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。(3)“many a/more than one单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。(二)短文改错常考点典题感悟(考什么、怎么考)我来改正常设错点(为什么、怎么办)(2016浙江高考)He would ask who we was and pretend not to know us.(2014全国卷)My dream school look like a big garden.(2014陕西高考)Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky they looked like rain！waswere looklookswaswere 名词或代词作主语时谓语动词单复数的误用可数名词单数或不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词应该用单数；可数名词复数作主语时，根据语法一致原则，谓语动词应该用复数。(2014辽宁高考)The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all night with the baby.havehas非谓语动词或从句作主语时主谓一致错误动名词、不定式或名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。注意：名词性从句作主语表示复数概念时，谓语动词应用复数。(2013陕西高考)Finally, there were a sudden pull at the pole and a fish was caught.werewas倒装句的主谓一致错误在倒装句中要找出句子的主语，从而判断谓语动词的单复数。I as well as my parents are going to New York City this month.Not only my parents but also I are good at dancing and singing.areamaream“就近”与“就远”原则的错用(1)“就近”原则常见的有：either . or ., neither . nor ., not only . but also ., not . but .等；(2)“就远”原则常见的有：as well as, but, except, (together) with等。基础巩固练习 .用所给词的适当形式填空1Exercise 1 should be done in class as an example, while the rest (be) to be finished as homework.2So far, many an American boy and many a British girl as well as the teachers (invite) to be present.3What really counts (be) the enjoyment.4A perfect gift with many flowers (send) to the beautiful girl, so she is very happy now.5Not only Tom but also Peter and Mary (be) planning to go, because they have never been there before.6Boys and girls, the writer and the educator (visit) our school. Be quiet!7The finalterm examinations are coming and each boy and each girl (look) forward to the coming holiday.8The total number of the population in China (be) about 1,400 million.9Two fifths of the land in that district (be) covered with trees and grass.10I, who am (be) your best friend, will surely stand on your side.11The writer and teacher Smith (go) through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.12To prevent the air from being polluted (be) what were now researching.13English and American literature (be) appealing to her.14A great number of students in this school (be) League members.15No one in the department but Tom and I (know) that the director is going to resign.16In my opinion, he rather than you (be) to blame.17Only 60 percent of the work (do) yesterday.18Large amounts of money (be) spent on the bridge, which was expected to be completed next month.单句改错1 Hello, boys and girls! Today, I am going to talk about what you should do when a fire alarm go off.2Hard work have made him very ill. He has ruined his health.3However, 69% of our class is fond of it.4Not the miners but the boss were responsible for the accident.werewas5I have read many books, some of which is in Spanish.6About half a year ago, an order came that the old building, along with many other similar ones, were going to be pulled down to make room for a main street.7Stress is a state of being upset that happen when we are under pressure.8There is humorous stories, jokes and so on in this book and I think you will be interested in it.9My father work in a factory and my mother is a teacher. We live a happy life toget