高考英语阅读理解精英定时系列训练题（18）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解精英定时系列训练题（18）及答案【湖北省黄冈中学2013二模】emom was right! if you say thank you, for even the smallest gift or slightest show of kindness, youll feel happy.gratitude, says robert a. emmons, a professor or psychology at the university of california, is an important element of happiness. in his recent book, thanks, emmons uses the first major study on gratitude to prove moms point. in acknowledging and developing this much-ignored expression of thankfulness, he explains how people have benefited- even improved their health.as one of the leading scholars of the positive psychology movement, he admits gratitude may be difficult to express. he advises you to begin by admitting that life is good and full of events and elements that make daily existence a wonder. second, recognize that the source of lifes goodness is more than just you. that source may be your mom, a friend, partner, child, colleague at work or play, or any combination of these.gratitude is always other-directed, notes emmons. you can be pleased or angry with yourself and feel guilty about doing something wrong, but you can never be grateful to or for yourself.expressing gratitude shouldnt be a reaction; it should be a state of mind. to feel grateful when life is a breeze and you have more than you need is easy. to feel grateful in time of crisis- anger, hatred and bitterness-is easier. also, too many people are aware of lifes blessings only after these are lost.its crisis and chaos - danger, disease, disability and death - that bring many individuals to realize just how dependent they are on others. yet its the way each of us begins life and ends it. its too bad that so many people waste those decades in between labouring under the illusion they are self-sufficient, says emmons.the abundance of voices expressing gratitude from his studies of individuals with chronic health problems is many. but emmons goes beyond his “groundbreaking” science to make his case for gratitude by including the inspirational writings of philosophers, novelists and saints, as well as the beliefs of various religions and their respective scriptures. taken together, these observations are summed up quite nicely by famous humanist albert schweitzer, who said the secret of life is “giving thanks for everything.”to enable and embrace gratitude, emmons encourages the readers of thanks to keep a gratitude diary. he even provides easy-to-follow directions on how to practice and develop gratitude.im not a reader or advocate of self-help books, but i am thankful for the reference i found in a newspaper article to the research emmons was conducting on gratitude involving organ donors and recipients. the chance discovery led me to this book.mom implied that kindness seems to find its way back to the giver because life really is all about giving, receiving and repaying. so ill pay attention to her professional advice and say: thank you, professor emmons.67. what is the text mainly discussed?a. there are many ways of being thankful. b. gratitude is important to happiness.c. mom is great for her being thankful. d. being thankful will keep you fit.68. the author mentions robert a. emmons book thanks in order to prove that _.a. professor emmons supports moms study on psychology.b. mom is as great a psychologist as professor emmons.c. professor emmons is a famous psychologist.d. mom is right about her viewpoint on gratitude.69. it will be easier for you to feel grateful when _.a. you live a comfortable life b. you receive gifts on your birthdayc. you get help during your hard times d. you are congratulated on your success70. what is the opinion of professor emmons?a. it is enough to thank others orally.b. whether you are thankful is always up to you.c. remember to be thankful anytime and anywhere.d. it is easier to be thankful for yourself than for others.【参考答案】 67-70 bdcc阅读理解-bif women are mercilessly exploited（剥削） year after year, they have only themselves to blame. because they tremble at the thought of being seen in public in clothes that are out of fashion, they are always taken advantage of by the designers and the big stores. clothes which have been worn only a few times have to be put aside because of the change of fashion.changing fashions are nothing more than the intentional creation of waste. many women spend large sums of money each year to replace clothes that have hardly been worn. women who cannot afford to throw away clothing in this way, waste hours of their time changing their old-fashioned dresses. skirts are lengthened or shortened; neck-lines are lowered or raised, and so on.no one can claim that the fashion industry contributes anything really important to society. fashion designers are rarely concerned with necessary things like warmth, comfort and durability （耐用）. they are only interested in outward appearance and they take advantage of the fact that women will put up with any amount of discomfort, as long as they look right. there can hardly be a man who hasnt at some time in his life smiled at the sight of a woman shaking in a thin dress on a winter day, or picking her way through deep snow in high heeled shoes.when comparing men and women in the matter of fashion, the conclusions to be drawn are obvious. do the constantly changing fashions of womens clothes, one wonders, reflect basic qualities of inconstancy and instability? men are too clever to let themselves be cheated by fashion designers. do their unchanging styles of dress reflect basic qualities of stability and reliability（稳定耐用）? that is for you to decide.45. designers and big stores always make money _.a. by mercilessly exploiting women in the clothing industryb. because they are good at predicting new fashionsc. by constantly changing the fashions in womens clothingd. as they attach great importance to quality in womens clothing46. to the writer, the fact that women change their old-fashioned dresses is seen as _.a. a waste of money b. a waste of timec. an expression of taste d. an expression of beauty47. new fashions in clothing are created for _.a. the commercial exploitation of womenb. the womens strength of characterc. basic qualities of inconstancy and instabilityd. an important contribution to society48. it can be inferred from the passage that _.a. womens inconstancy in choosing clothes is often laughed atb. women are better able to put up with discomfortc. men are also exploited greatly by fashion designersd. men are more reasonable in the matter of fashion参考答案 45-48 cbad 阅读理解-clabor force is defined as being the total number of people who are available to work and earn income. this definition includes everyone who is employed or seeking paid employment, so it includes employers and the self-employed. labor is one of the countrys resources which can be combined with other resources to produce the goods and services wanted by the community.although the size of the workforce depends a great deal on the size of the total population, there are several other influences which also affect it. the age distribution (分布) of the total population has a very marked effect on the available workforce. if the population has a high proportion of very young people or of those too old to work, then the available workforce would be lower than if there were a balanced spread age distribution. if the population naturally grows rapidly, the number of births greatly exceeds (超出) the number of deaths then as a total population increases proportion of the workforce declines.sometimes a population is described as aging which means that the birth rate is either falling or growing very slowly, and as people retire from the workforce there are insufficient numbers of young people entering it to replace those who are leaving it. in that situation the population is top-heavy with older people. so the percentage of the population in the workforce declines when there is either a rapid increase in births or a falling birth rate. the age distribution of the population has several important effects on the economy. if the population is aging and there is an increase in the number of people retiring without a corresponding increase in the number entering the workforce, this raises the problem of the ability of the economy to provide a reasonable level of social services to the retired group. if the aged are to be cared for in special homes, finance must be available for that purpose. if the size of the workforce is small relative to the total population, then the government tax revenue (税收) is relatively low and either the government has less money available to it or workforce members have to be taxed more heavily. 49. in the passage “labor force” is defined as _. a. people who are available to work and earn income b. self-employed people who have the ability to work c. people who are looking for an employment d. employers who have created job opportunities 50. from the second paragraph we can draw the conclusion that _. a. a natural growth of population always leads to a balanced workforceb. a large population does not necessarily mean a higher proportion of workforce c. the larger the population is, the higher the proportion of the workforce will be d. the workforce will be lower if the population has a balanced age distribution 51. when a population is said to be aging，_. a. there are more people retiring than those entering the workforce b. the birth rate in the area must be lower that that of death therec. there should be an oversupply of the workforce members d. there are more people entering the workforce than those retiring52. the population which is top-heavy with older people _ of a country.a. leads to the high rate of unemployment b. results in low tax on workforce members c. affects employees incomes d. places pressure on the economy参考答案 49-52 abad 阅读理解-dmany people have been talking about the way in which the world will come to an end in 2012. everybody wants to find out if december 21, 2012 is the last day of the earth. the rumor has already been spreading for a very long time. the mayans prediction can account for the rumor. according to the rumor, the earth will experience dramatic changes in 2012 and the changes will be disastrous to all of the living creatures on earth. it is widely assumed that a planet x will return to orbit the solar system. the return of planet x will have a destructive effect on the solar system as well as on some planets including the neptune, the jupiter and the earth. planet x will cross into their orbits. theres a possibility that jupiter will change into a little sun at this time, so folks will be well placed to see two suns in the sky in 2012.the solar flares (耀斑) that occur in a 11-year cycle will reach their highest point in 2012. the powerful solar flares will affect the magnetic field of the earth and cause disasters. on december 21, 2012, the sun and the earth will line up in the same line at the equator(赤道). the winter solstice(冬至) only occurs once every 25,800 years. the events in the universe are signals that the world will come to an end. as a result of the solar flares, lots of disasters will happen that will destroy the face of the whole earth. scientists are making the guess primarily based on the mayan long count calendar. many films have been made about the end of the world including end game by alex jones and end clock: nostradamus 2012. the former provides insights about the way the world will become one state. after the world government is in place, its going to be easy to exterminate 80% of the people in the world. the rest will continue to live with assistance from advanced technology.no one knows whether the world will end on december 21, 2012. there is no clear answer until the day arrives. just as the mayans claim, it will not be the time for the world to end. instead, it will be the dawn of a fresh start.53. what is the passage mainly about? a. information about end-of-the-world predictions. b. different opinions about end-of-the-world predictions. c. some doubts about end-of-the-world predictions. d. destructive effects of the end of the world.54. which of the following things will not happen if the end of the world really happens? a. humans will see two suns at the same time. b. the earth will look completely different. c. the earth and the moon will line up in the same line. d. the solar flares will become stronger than before.55. the underlined word “exterminate” in paragraph 3 probably means “_”. a. saveb. killc. helpd. rule56. what is the authors attitude to the rumor that the world will end? a. optimistic.b. sad.c. unconcerned.d. scared.参考答案 53-56 acba阅读理解（共20小题；每小题分2分，满分40分） 阅读下列短文, 从各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。【湖北省黄冈中学2013二模】a each year on february 2nd, there is special festival called groundhog day (土拨鼠日 ) forecasting event in punxsutawney, pennsylvania. when it comes, people from around the world, including 5,000 in the small town today, watch this tongue-twisting(发饶舌的) small town for a sign from one groundhog that supposedly predicts when that years spring will arrive. if its a cloudy day outside when the groundhog pops from its cave, then spring will arrive early that year. however, if it is sunny outside, the groundhog will supposedly be scared by its own shadow, retreating underground for six more weeks of cold weather. of course, punxsutawney phils prediction is no more able to guarantee the extended forecast than your local weatherman. abc news reports that an analysis by the national climate data center found that phils predictions are more often wrong