江苏省滨海县第一初级中学八年级英语下册 Unit 1 Past and Present复习学案（无答案）（新版）牛津版.doc

unit 1 past and present中考考点要求：掌握四会单词及短语。 学会现在完成时的构成与基本用法。 用所学知识写一篇家乡变化的报告。一单元知识点的梳理：1.重点词组：51.past and present1. used to do2. know very well3. in the north of town/ in the northern part of town4. get married 5. move two blocks away6. change a lot7. turn into8. put the waste into the river9. realize the problem10. improve the situation11. in some ways12. as often as before13. feel a bit lonely14. from time to time15. all his life16. over the past century17. local people18. go abroad19. at primary school20. keep in touch with each other21. be/get used to doing/n.22. on the side of the road23. have ones own car24. enjoy a comfortable life26. take action to do2.重点句子1.you have changed too . you used to be so kind to me.2.there were always too many people on the bus , and it took a long time to wait for the next one.3. later the government realized the problem and took action to improve the situation.4.it has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.5. what was the town like in the past?6.we mainly communicate by email.7.the internet makes communication much easier.8.it is not easy to get used to the changes of life quickly.9.i have to spend more time on my homework than before.10.now the streets are wide and clean ,with many green trees on both sides.二重点词汇突破。1、past n. “过去”， _ (在过去) adj.“刚过去的”，_ (在过去几年时间里)；prep.“路过，过”， _ ( 开车经过银行)；_ (七点一刻)。【拓展】pass v.“传递，通过”，_.把某物传给某人； _通过考试，考试及格。 luckily, he _ (pass) the test. i walked _ the shop yesterday.2、present preznt n. 1)现在，目前 _ 2)礼物 =gift【拓展】prizent vt. 介绍； 出现； 提出； 赠送 _ 授予某人某物3、marry. vi.& vt.“结婚；嫁，娶”； a和b 结婚_ _n.“结婚”，_ adj.“已婚的”，they _他们结婚了。 they_ for 10 years. 他们结婚10年了。4.北方的，北部的adj. n._ 在北方_mr li lives in the _ part of the city.5. pollution n.u 污染 v. 污染_ 【拓展】_adj. 被污染的 _(一条被污染的小河)we should not_(pollute) the water. the water _(pollute) is terrible. drinking _(pollute) water is bad for our health.6.waste n.u 废物 too much waste c 浪费 watching tv ads is just a _ of time. vt. 浪费 _浪费水dont_( waste) the time.7.lonely, 1）、作表语，表示心灵内部的孤独寂寞。【拓展】alone单独地；独自地；孤独地；只，只有adv. 独自呆在家里_he lives _, but he never feels _. 2）、作定语，表示荒凉的、偏僻的、偏远的一座荒凉的岛_8. interview n.采访、会见 vt. 对.进行面试,采访 采访某人_/_【拓展】interviewer 采访者. these _(interview) _(interview) the stars now.9.到国外，在海外adv._ 去国外_my son is still living (在国外).10.交流，交际vt._ 交流 n._与某人交流 _ (交流) between old and young people is not so difficult as you think.11.develop v.“发展”_n.“发展” _ 随着一个国家的发展。12.relax v.“放松” ； _adj. “令人放松的”；_ adj.“放松的”。 13.recent adj.“最近的”； _ (一张近照)_adv.“最近，近来”a _(recent) report says that few murder has happened_(recent)三重点词组，句型解析：1.你也变了。你过去对我是如此的友善。you have changed too . you used to be so kind to me. have changed 已经发生变化 e.g.近几年我的家乡发生了许多变化。 （3种）many changes _ in my hometown over the years.there have been _ in my hometown over the years.my hometown _a lot over the years.used to do 表示“过去常常”，强调过去习惯性的行为或状态，但现在这种行为或状态已经不复存在了。be used to doing/sth表示“习惯于”，be used to do则表示“被用作。”1)there used _(be) a river in front of my house.2)in this area ,wood is used _(build) houses.3)i used to _(live) in the country,but now i have got used to _(live).2.要像以前一样频繁地见面已经变得不可能了。it has become impossible for us to see each other as often as before.做某事对某人来说。 its + adj + for sb to do sth.对他们来说，很快适应生活的变化不容易。 its _the changes of life quickly.3. 现在我有时感到一点孤单。now i feel a bit lonely from time to time.a bit 意为“一点儿”，相当于a little . a bit,和a little都可修饰形容词，但a bit 后接名词时要加介词of而a little可直接加名词。there is _ (有点) water in the glass.he felt _(有点)tired.4.因特网使交流更简单了。the internet makes communication much easier.make sth adj. much 加形容词比较级穿红色使你更容易采取行动。_.四语法剖析。一、现在完成时态1.表示过去已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响eddie has eaten hobos food. “吃”的动作是过去发生的，而对现在所造成的结果是hobo没有食物吃了。2.过去开始发生的动作或存在的状况一直延续到现在they have waited for more than two hours.他们等了两个多小时。二、 现在完成时构成:肯定句： 主语+ have/has +done（动词过去分词）否定句： 主语+ havent /hasnt + done疑问句have/has + 主语+ done have you.? yes, i have no, i havent. has he.? yes, he has. no, he hasnt . (has 用于第三人称单数，have 用于其他所有人称。)三、动词过去分词的构成:1. 规则变化verbed visit _ _结尾d move _ _以辅音字母加y结尾的词,去yied. study_ _以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母ed stop_ _2不规则变化forget pay grow wearteach know write rise catch begin come see四现在完成时的标志词标志词1:1. already已经 (用于肯定陈述句）2. yet还没 already的否定式（否定句或疑问句）3. just刚刚 （位于谓语动词前）4. ever曾经 （多用于疑问句，问初次经历）,5. never从不 （多用于否定陈述句）6. recently 最近 7 before 之前标志词2：for +一段时间, since+过去的时间点,these years, so far, up to now/till now（直到现在）over the past three years（在过去/最近几年、三年里）several times（几次）for 和 since 的区别 1.since+过去的时间点since 8 oclock，since seven years ago，since last week2.since+ 从句 ( 主语+ did) since i came here.3.for+一段时间 for 3days /two hours/a yearfor or since 练习1. we have lived here _ 1990.2. how long have you studied here ? _ 5 years .3. the boy has had a bad cold _ last night .4. mr. huang has kept the books _ a week ago .5.i have taught in the school _ i came here .6.we have been friends _ a long time .现在完成时和一般过去时的区别：现在完成时，强调这一动作产生的结果对现在的影响，与现在有关。 一般过去时，仅仅表示在过去某一时刻曾发生过这一动作，与现在无关。 他已学英语五年了。 he has studied english for five years. （说明他还继续学下去） 他曾学过五年英语。 he studied english for five years. (只说明他过去学过五年英语，但现在不学了。） 一般过去时与现在完成时有一些明显的时间状语： 遇到yesterday, last year, in may, in+过去某一年，two days ago, just now等就用一般过去时。当有 so far, in the past/ last few days(在过去/最近的几年里)，since接过去时间状语或过去时的句子等常用现在完成时。 【中考链接】1.in the past, there _ (be) green hills around and fresh air there.2.however, the area _ (change) over the years.3.peter _ (go) to the library just now.4. how long _you _ (learn) english? for three years.5. i am afraid you _ (forget) the important letter, havent you?6. my father _(not come) back yet. my mother and i are worried about him7.they (live) in nanjing since they (move) to china.8. my brother (be) born in