高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题测试题(5).doc

2014高考英语二轮复习阅读理解专题测试题 (5)阅读下列短文，从每篇短文后所给各题的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。many skilled young people are being forced into part-time and unskilled work, the report says. it warns of a crisis with more than six million people so disillusioned they have given up looking for work. the ilo（international labor organization）wants governments to make job creation a priority. it wants more training schemes, and also tax breaks for employers. the youth unemployment crisis can be beaten but only if job creation for young people becomes a key priority in policymaking and private sector investment picks up significantly, said jose manuel salazar-xirinachs, executive director of the ilos employment sector.since 2007, the number of young people without jobs has risen by four million - up from less than 12%, the global employment trends for youth report says. almost 13% of people aged between 15 and 24 - or almost 75 million - have no work, although this is slightly down on its peak in 2009.in the european union, one in five young people are looking for work, the report claims. some 27.9% of youths were unemployed in north africa last year a rise of five percentage points on 2010. in the middle east, the figure stood at 26.5% in the reports regional breakdown. even in east asia, perhaps the most economically active region, the unemployment rate was 2.8 times higher for young people than for adults, the report said.but, the ilo report reveals, the true picture of youth unemployment is even more pessimistic. many young people are extending their time in higher education because they cannot find jobs. others are taking part-time unskilled work because they cannot find work in the fields they trained for. the ilo says that more than six million young people worldwide have given up looking for work and are becomingly increasingly detached from society. by not using their skills they are losing them, the report says, and if there is no improvement in the jobs market soon, they may be not only unemployed, but unemployable.the ilo suggests offering tax breaks to businesses hiring young people and offering more programmes to help kick-start careers.63. which of the following is true according to jose manuel salazar-xirinachs?a. since 2007, the number of young people out of job has risen to 4 million.b. nearly 13% of the young people have no work.c. job creation should be made a key priority in policymaking.d. the youth unemployment rate can never go down.64. the various figures in paragraph 3 and 4 were used to show_.a. the employment situation is serious only in the european unionb. the global youth employment situation is depressingc. east asia enjoys a high youth employment rated. compared with the situation in 2009, the youth employment in 2007 is slightly better65. according to ilo, the following are caused by high youth unemployment rate except_.a. the government calls on young people to take up whatever job is availableb. many young people are making their time in higher education longerc. some young people are taking part-time unskilled workd. many young people have given up looking for work66. the ilo offered many solutions to the crisis of youth unemployment, including_.a. making job creations a priority b. more training schemes c. encouraging public investment d. tax breaks for employers e. offering more entrepreneurship programmes to help start careersa. a b c e b. b c d e c. a c d e d. a b d e【参考答案】63-66cbad passage seventeen (a strong stock market) the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market. naturally, such a move had a momentarily chilling effect upon prices but if the frb had been preoccupied with undue speculation, the increase might have been to the 80% or even 90% level. such an increases in the margin rate is a confirmation of a strong stock market and since 19,such increases have resulted in interim market highs over twelve months later. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part. in past investment letters we have voiced the thought that speciality stocks could outperform the general market from this point. we continue to believe that this could be the case. for example, steel stocks tend to sell at certain fixed price/earnings ratios. below a certain ratio they are considered good valueabove a certain ratio, overpriced. if a company produces a unique product it is far more difficult for market analysis to place a numerical ratio upon the companys earnings. we have also contended in the past letters that the stock market reflects mass psychology as well as the business outlook. when investorsboth the public and the institutionsare nervous and pessimistic they definitely hesitate to buy stocks: they seek low price/earnings multiples and high yields. these same investorswhen they are in an optimistic frame of mindbecome for less preoccupied with yields and more wiling to pay a premium(high p/e multiples) for accelerated growth. if the publics attitude towards the auto industry is any measure, then this period seems to have been one of optimism.1. the title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is a. a time to sell stock. . a strong stock marketc. raising the margin rate c. price/earnings ratio in steel2. when investors are pessimistic what do they do?a. they look to the frb for help. . they buy steelc. they buy automobile stocks. d. they look for high yields.3. why does the writer believe that speciality stocks could outperform the general market?a. because analysis have difficulty in deciding upon a fixed price/earnings ratio. because the activity had been limited to blue chips.c. because the rise was conservative.d. because of the frb action.4. when investors are optimistic, what do they do?a. they look for accelerated growth. . they buy speciality stocks.c. they look for high yields. c. they are more prudent.vocabulary1. margin rate 保证金率，边际比率2. rampant 无约束力，猖獗的，蔓延的3. stem 遏制4. stem from 滋长，源自5. underpin 加强基础，支持6. underpinning 支持物，基础（建筑物下的）7. preoccupy 先占，使专心于，吸引住8. undue 过分的，非法的，不适当的9. interim 间歇；暂时的，间歇的10. guideline 方针，指导路线11. underscore 在下面划线，强调12. point up 加强，强调13. bluechip 兰筹股票14. blue-chip 兰筹的15. outperform 在使用上胜过16. overprice 将标价过高17. numerical ratio 数率，数字比率18. earnings 收益，利润，收入19. contend 竞争，坚决主张，争论20. premium 佣金，酬金难句译注1. the increase in the margin rate from 50% to 70% was not an attempt to stem any rampant speculation on the part of the publicactually the market seemed technically quite strong, with public participation essentially dignifiedbut rather an attempt by the federal reserve board to preserve the sound underpinnings that existed in the market.结构简析 是notbut句型，两个破折号中间是插入成分；中插入一个带with+n+participle 短语参考译文 保证金率从50%增长到70%，并不是想要遏制群众方面猖獗的投机，而是联邦储备委员会想要保持现存于股市强劲基础事实上股市由于群众非常庄严的参与在技术上看起来相当强劲。2. obviously, there could be no guarantee that this would once again be the case, but if history is any guidelineand if business and corporate earnings were to continue on the same coursecontinued optimism over the outlook for the stock market would seem more prudent than pessimism.结构简析 复合句。中间有插入语if clause, 进一步说明条件。参考译文 显然，不可能保证这种情况再次出现（情况再是这样）。可是，如果历史具有指导方针的话如果商业和公司的利润仍然保持在同样轨道上那么对股市前景乐观似乎要比悲观更精确些。3. the margin increase underscored the good rise that stocks had enjoyed for the previous yearand the fact that a 50% rate was maintained as long as it was pointed up the fact that the rise was mainly conservative in that it was concentrated in the blue chips for the most part.结构简析 这句句子内有四个that clause：第一个that是good rise的定语从句。第二个和第三个that都是the fact that句型。但第二个the fact that中，as long as it was, 指头一年，pointed up是谓语。第四个是in that连词，义：因为。写作方法与文章大意 文章论述“强劲证券市场”的种种情况。首先是联邦储备委员会为保持强股市基础要求保证金率增长。这种增长过去，现在，将来都能巩固强市。其次由于绝大部分集中在兰筹股上，使股市看好上升趋于保守，引出行业股比普通股吃香。最后是投资者心情和股市强弱有关。答案祥解1. b. 强劲证券市场（强市）。见难句译注1和第一段第三句：“那种保证金率的增长有力的巩固了强劲证券市场。从19年起，这种增长导致一年来股市屡创新高。a. 买出股票的时候。 c. 提高保证金率。 d. 钢的市盈率。这三项都不对，它们只是文中涉及的方面。2. d. 他寻找高业绩（即公司的产量或投资收益）。见文章倒数第三句：“当投资者公众和团体机构紧张而又悲观时，他们肯定在买进股票上举棋不定；他们寻求低价格/利润倍数和高额利润。a. 他们寻求联邦储备委员会的帮助。 b. 他们买进钢材。 c. 他们买进汽车股票。3. a. 因为在决定定价/利润比上难以分析。见第二段第二句：“在过去的投资保证上我们一直表达了这样的思想：行业股票在使用上可能超过普通股。我们依然相信情况可能就是这样。举例说：钢股往往在一定价格/利润比上抛出。低于一定比率，可认为股是好价值，而高于一定比率就是超价。如果一个公司就生产独一无二的产品，那市场分析就很难对公司所得定出数比。“b. 因为股市活动受兰筹股所限。 c. 因为行情上升保守。这两项见难句译注3。 d. 由于联邦储备基金会的行动。4. a. 他们寻求加速的增长。见文章倒数第二句：“同样是这些股民，当投资者（对股市前景）持乐观态度时，他们不太关注（公司的）业绩（产值）而愿意以高价来购买具有高成长性的股票。”阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 grandma celebrated her fifty-third birthday just weeks before grandpa died of cancer in 1965. although his passing was very difficult for her, i think their shared struggle to make his life longer taught grandma that good health was not to be taken forgranted, and she made up her mind to live the rest of her own life as fully and as long as she could. one day, when she announced to attend lessons at the fred astaire dance studio in portland, oregon, where she lived, we rolled our eyes in embarrassment and helplessly wished she would just stay home and bake cookies as normal grandmothers did. many years filled with countless dance lessons passed before we learned to appreciate the wonder of having a dancing grandma. i suppose grandmas primary motivation for wanting to learn to dance was social. she had been a shy girl, always very tall and heavy, and had married into grandpas quiet lifestyle before developing any elegance or confidence in her personal appearance. dancing, on the other hand, filled her life with flash lights, wonderful parties, beautiful dresses, handsome young dance instructors, and the challenge of learning. although the weekly dance lessons did not change her ample, two-hundred-pound figure, grandma surprised everyone with energetic performances on the dance floor, which soon gave her as much elegance and confidence as any miss american competitor. having taken weekly dance lessons for years, my grandma learned various dances easily and was soon participating in dancing matches all over the northwest. when i was fourteen, grandma proudly invited me to watch her compete in one of these matches to be held in the grand ballroom of the red lion inn. my attitude was still unenthusiastic at that point, but to make her happy, my mother and i attended the match. as if to prove me wrong, grandma made a wonderful showing in every event she entered. i thought she was truly the queen of the ball during the dance, and my thoughts were sh