建行【英语部分】标准卷 (2)含答案.doc

建行【英语部分】标准卷（2）说明这项测验共有50道题，总时限为70分钟。请在机读答题卡上严格按照要求填写好自己的姓名、报考部门，涂写准考证号。请仔细阅读下面的注意事项，这对你获得成功非常重要：1题目应在答题卡上作答，不要在题本上作任何记号。2监考人员宣布考试开始时，你才可以开始答题。3监考人员宣布考试结束时，你应立即放下铅笔，将试题本、答题卡和草稿纸都留在桌上，然后离开。如果你违反了以上任何一项要求，都将影响你的成绩。4在这项测验中，可能有一些试题较难，因此你不要在一道题上思考时间太久，遇到不会答的题目，可先跳过去，如果有时间再去思考。否则，你可能没有时间完成后面的题目。5试题答错不倒扣分。6特别提醒你注意，涂写答案时一定要认准题号。严禁折叠答题卡! Part1： Youre busy filling out the application form for a position you really need. Lets assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isnt it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma represents a Harvard degree? Or that you finished an extra couple of years back at State University? More and more people are turning to utter deception like this to land their job or to move ahead in their careers, for personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools. A job applicant may have a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a well-known university. Registrars at most well-known colleges say they deal with deceitful claims like these at the rate of about one per week. Personnel officers do check up on degrees listed on application forms, then. If it turns out that an applicant is lying, most colleges are reluctant to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school calls them impostors(骗子); another refers to them as special cases. One well-known West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says that these claims are made by no such people. To avoid outright(彻底的)lies, some job-seekers claim that they attending means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that being associated with a college means that the job-seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the centurythats when they began keeping records, anyhow. If you dont want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are companies that will sell you a phony diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from Smoot State University. The prices increase rapidly for a degree from the University of Purdue. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper. The main idea of this passage is that _ . A employers are checking more closely on applicants now B lying about college degrees has become a widespread problem C college degrees can now be purchased easily D employers are no longer interested in college degrees According to the passage, special cases refers to cases that _. A students attend a school only part-time B students never attended a school they listed on their application C students purchase false degrees from commercial firms D students attended a famous school We can infer from the passage that _ . A performance is a better judge of ability than a college degree B experience is the best teacher C past work histories influence personnel officers more than degrees do D a degree from a famous school enables an applicant to gain advantage over others in job competition This passage implies that _ . A buying a false degree is not moral B personnel officers only consider applicants from famous schools C most people lie on applications because they were dismissed from school D society should be greatly responsible for lying on applications The word phony (Line 13, Para. 2) means _ . A thorough B ultimate C false D decisive Part2： Material culture refers to what can be seen, held, felt, usedwhat a culture produces. Examining a cultures tools and technology can tell us about the groups history and way of life. Similarly, research into the material culture of music can help us to understand the music culture. The most vivid body of material culture in it, of course, is musical instruments. We cannot hear for ourselves the actual sound of any musical performance before the 1870s when the phonograph was invented, so we rely on instruments for important information about music cultures in the remote past and their development. Here we have two kinds of evidence: instruments well preserved and instruments pictured in art. Through the study of instruments, as well as paintings, written documents, and so on, we can explore the movement of music from the Near East to China over a thousand years ago, or we can outline the spread of Near Eastern influence to Europe that resulted in the development of most of the instruments in the symphony orchestra. Sheet music or printed music, too, is material culture. Scholars once defined folk music cultures as those in which people learn and sing music by ear rather than from print, but research shows mutual influence among oral and written sources during the past few centuries in Europe, Britain, and America. Printed versions limit variety because they tend to standardize any song, yet they stimulate people to create new and different songs. Besides, the ability to read music notation has a far-reaching effect on music and, when it becomes widespread, on the music culture as a whole. One more important part of musics material culture should be singled out: the influence of the electronic mediaradio, record player, tape recorder, television, and videocassette, with the future promising talking and singing computers and other developments. This is all part of the information revolution, a twentieth-century phenomenon as important as the industrial revolution was in the nineteenth. These electronic media are not just limited to modern nations; they have affected music cultures all over the globe. Research into the material culture of a nation is of great importance because _ . A it helps produce new cultural tools and technology B it can reflect the development of the nation C it helps understand the nations past and present D it can demonstrate the nations civilization 2. It can be learned from this passage that _ . A the existence of the symphony was attributed to the spread of Near Eastern and Chinese music B Near Eastern music had an influence on the development of the instruments in the symphony orchestra C the development of the symphony shows the mutual influence of Eastern and Western music D the musical instruments in the symphony orchestra were developed on the basis of Near Eastern music 3.According to the author, music notation is important because _ . A it has a great effect on the music culture as more and more people are able to read it B it tends to standardize folk songs when it is used by folk musicians C it is the printed version of standardized folk music D it encourages people to popularize printed versions of songs 4 It can be concluded from the passage that the introduction of electronic media into the world of music _ . A has brought about an information revolution B has speeded up the appearance of a new generation of computers C has given rise to new forms of music culture D has led to the transformation of traditional musical instruments 5. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage? A Musical instruments developed through the years will sooner or later be replaced by computers. B Music cannot be passed on to future generations unless it is recorded. C Folk songs cannot be spread far unless they are printed on music sheets. D The development of music culture is highly dependent on its material aspectPart3： Baekeland and Hartmann report that the “short sleepers” had been more or less average in their sleep needs until the men were in their teens. But at about age 15 or so, the men voluntarily began cutting down their nightly sleep time because of pressures from school, work, and other activities. These men tended to view their nightly periods of unconsciousness as bothersome interruptions in their daily routines.In general, these “short sleeps” appeared ambitious, active, energetic, cheerful, conformist(不动摇) in their opinions, and very sure about their career choices. They often held several jobs at once, or workers full-or part-time while going to school. And many of them had a strong urge to appear “normal” or “acceptable” to their friends and associates.When asked to recall their dreams, the “short sleepers” did poorly. More than this, they seemed to prefer not remembering. In similar fashion, their usual way of dealing with psychological problems was to deny that the problem existed, and then to keep busy in the hope that the trouble would go away.The sleep patterns of the “short sleepers” were similar to, but less extreme than, sleep patterns shown by many mental patients categorized as manic(疯人).The “long sleepers” were quite different indeed. Baekeland and Hartmann report that these young men had been lengthy sleeps since childhood. They seemed to enjoy their sleep, protected it, and were quite concerned when they were occasionally deprived of their desired 9 hours of nightly bed rest. They tended to recall their dreams much better than did the “short sleepers.”Many of the “long sleepers” were shy, anxious, introverted (内向), inhibited (压抑), passive, mildly depressed, and unsure of themselves (particularly in social situations). Several openly states that sleep was an escape from their daily problems.According to the report,_.many short sleepers need less sleep by natureB) many short sleepers are obliged to reduce their nightly sleep time because they are busy with their workC) long sleepers sleep a longer period of time during the dayD) many long sleepers preserve their sleeping habit formed during their childhoodMany “short sleepers” are likely to hold the view that _.A) sleep is a withdrawal from the realityB) sleep interferes with their sound judgementC) sleep is the least expensive item on their routine programD) sleep is the best way to deal with psychological troublesIt is stated in the third paragraph that short sleepers _.are ideally vigorous even under the pressures of lifeB) often neglect the consequences of inadequate sleepC) do not know how to relax properlyD) are more unlikely to run into mental problemsWhen sometimes they cannot enjoy adequate sleep, the long sleepers might _.appear disturbedB) become energeticC) feel dissatisfiedD) be extremely depressedWhich of the following is Not included in the passage?If one sleeps inadequately, his performance suffers and his memory is weakenedB) The sleep patterns of short sleepers are exactly the sane as those shown by many mental patientsC) Long and short sleepers differ in their attitudes towards sleepD) Short sleepers would be better off with more restPart4： Upon reaching an appropriate age (usually between 18 and 21 years), children are encouraged, but not forced, to “leave the nest” and begin an independent life. After children leave home they often find social relationship and financial support outside the family. Parents do not arrange marriages for their children, nor do children usually ask permission of their parents to get married, Romantic love is most often the basis for marriage in the United States; young adults meet their future spouses (配偶) through other friends, at jobs, and in organizations and religious institutions, Although children choose their own spouses, they still hope their parents will approve of their choices.In many families, parents feel that children should make major life decisions by themselves. A parent may try to influence a child to follow a particular profession but the child is free to choose another career. Sometimes children do precisely the opposite of what their parents wish in order to assert their independence. A son may deliberately decide not to go into his fathers business because of a fear that he will lose his autonomy in his fathers workplace. This independence from parents is not an indication that parents and children do not love each other. Strong love between parents and children is universal and this is no exception in the American family Coexisting with such love in the American family are cultural values of self reliance and independence.The writer discusses the marriage of young adults in order to show which of the following?They enjoy the freedom of choosing their spouses.B) They want to win the permission of their parents.C) They have a strong desire to become independent.D) They want to challenge the authority of their parents.Most young adults in the U.S. get married for the sake of _.loveB) financial concernC) their parentsD) family backgroundBased on the passage, it can be assumed that _.American young adults are likely to follow the suit of their parentsB) most American people never make major decisions for their childrenC) American young adults possess cultural values of independenceD) once a young person steps into his twenties, he will leave his home permanentlyA son is unwilling to work in his fathers business mainly because _.he wishes to make full use of what he has learnt in schoolB) he wants to prove his independenceC) he wishes to do the opposite of what his parents approve ofD) he wants to show his love for his parentsThe subject matter of this selection is _.A) family valuesB) marriage arrangementsC) the pursuit of a careerD) decision makingPart5： Now let us look at how we read. When we read a printed text, our eyes move across a page in short, jerky movement. We recognize words usually when our eyes are still when they fixate. Each time they fixate, we see a group of words. This is known as the recognition span or the visual span. The length of time ofr which the eyes stop -the duration of the fixation -varies considerably from person to person. It also vaies within any one person according to his purpose in reading and his familiarity with the text. Furthermore, it can be affected by such factors as lighting and tiredness.Unfortunately, in the past, many reading improvement courses have concentrated too much on how our eyes move across the printed page. As a result of this misleading emphasis on the purely visual aspects of reading, numerous exercises have been devised to train the eyes to see more words at one fixation. For instance, in some exercises, words are flashed on to a screen for, say, a tenth or a twentieth of a second. One of the exercises has required students to fix their eyes on some central point, taking in the words on either side. Such word patterns are often constructed in the shape of rather steep pyramids so the reader takes in more and more words at each successive fixation. All these exercises are very clever, but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently. Reading requires the ability to understand the relationship between words. Consequently, for these reasons, many experts have now begun to question the usefulness of eye training, especially since any approach which trains a person to read isolated words and phrases would seem unlikely to help him in reading a continuous textThe time of the recognition span can be affected by the following facts except _ .ones familiarity with the textB. ones purpose in readingC. the length of a group of wordsD. lighting and tirednessThe author may believe that reading _.requires a reader to take in more words at each fixationB. requires a reader to see words more quicklyC. demands an deeply-participating mindD. demands more mind than eyes3 What does the author mean by saying “but its one thing to improve a persons ability to see words and quite another thing to improve his ability to read a text efficiently.” in the second parapraph?A. The ability to see words is not needed when an efficient reading is conducted.B. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve both the ability to see and to comprehend words.C. The reading exercises mentioned cant help to improve an efficient reading.D. The reading exercises mentioned has done a great job to improve ones ability to see words.Which of the following is NOT true?The visual span is a word or a group of words we see each time.B. Many experts began to question the efficiency of eye training.C. The emphasis on the purely visual aspects is misleading.D.The eye training will help readers in reading a continuous text.The tune of the author in writing this article is _A criticalB neutralC prssimisticD optimisticPart6： Our quarrel with efficiency is not that it gets things done, but that it is a thief of time when it leaves us no leisure to enjoy ourselves, and that it strains our nerves when we try to get things done perfectly. In building bridges, American engineers calculate so finely and exactly as to make the two ends come together within one-tenth of an inch. But when two Chinese begin to dig a tunnel from both sides of a mountain both come out on the other side. -The Chineses firm belief is that