常见英文前缀、词根和后缀以及CET核心词汇.doc

常见英文前缀、词根和后缀以及CET核心词汇1 Prefixes1) dis- (not, the opposite of) disadvantage(不利条件, 缺点, 劣势), dislike, disagree, disappear, disarm(解除武装, 缓和), disaster, disastrous *, disappoint, disable *(使残废, 使失去能力), disability, discharge(卸下, 放出, 清偿, 履行, 解雇), disclose *, discount(折扣), discourage, discover, discovery, discrepancy *( 差异, 矛盾), disease(疾病, 弊病), disguise(假装, 伪装, 掩饰), disgust(厌恶, 嫌恶), dishonest, dismay *(沮丧, 惊慌), disorder, dispatch *(分派, 派遣), disperse *(分散, 疏散), displace *(转移, 取代), disregard *(漠视, 忽视), distort *( 扭曲, 歪曲, 误报), distract *(转移),distinguish, disconnect 2) in- (not, in, into) inability(无能, 无力), incorrect, incapable, inhuman, injustice(不公平, 不讲道义), informal, inside, include, inclusive *, income, increase, increasingly, incredible, indefinite(模糊的, 不确定的), independence, independent, indifferent(无关紧要,漠不关心), indirect, indispensable（不可缺少的, 绝对必要的）, individual, indoor, inertia *（惯性, 惯量）, inevitable(不可避免的, 必然的), infamous (声名狼籍的), infinite(无穷的, 无限的, 无数的), inhabit *( 存在于, 占据, 栖息), inhabitant(居民, 居住者), inherent *(固有的, 与生俱来的), inject *(注射, 注入), injection, inland *(内陆的, 国内的), inlet *(进口, 入口, 水湾), inner, innocent(清白的, 无罪的, 天真的), innumerable *(无数的, 数不清的), input, inquire, inquiry, insane *(患精神病的, 精神病患者的), insert, inside, insight(洞察力, 见识), insist, inspect, inspiration *(灵感), inspire, install, installation, installment *(部分,分期付款), instance, instant, instinct（本能）, insulate *（使绝缘, 隔离）, intense（强烈的, 剧烈的, 热切的）, interior（内部的, 内的）, internal（内在的, 国内的）, into, intrinsic（固有的, 内在的, 本质的）, invade, invalid *（有病的, 无效的）, invaluable *（无价的, 价值无法衡量的）, invariably *（不变地, 总是）, invasion, invert *（使颠倒, 使转化）, investigate, invisible, involve, inward（向内的, 内在的）3) im- (not, in, into) impossible, imbalance（不平衡, 不均衡）, immature, immoral（不道德的, 邪恶的, 放荡的）, impatient, implicit *（暗示的, 盲从的, 含蓄的）, impress, impression, import, immigrate（使移居入境）, imprison（监禁, 关押）, immerse（沉浸, 使陷入） 4) il- (not) illegal（违法的, 不合规定的）, illogical（不合逻辑的, 不合理的）5) ir- (not) irregular（不规则的, 无规律的）, irresponsible, irrespective *（不顾的, 无关的）6) un- (not) unable, uncover（揭开, 揭露）, undo, undoubtedly, undress（使脱衣服, 暴露）, uneasy, unemployment *, unexpected, unfold *（打开, 显露）, unfortunately, unimportant, unlike, unload（卸货, 卸载）, unusual7) non- (not) nonsmoker, nonexistence, non-cooperation, nonstop, nonmetal（非金属）, nonresident（没有任何住所的）, nonsense（胡说, 废话）8) mis- (wrong, wrongly) misjudge（判断错）, misunderstand, mislead（误导）, misspell, misstep（失足）, misfortune（不幸, 灾祸）, misuse, misname, misappropriation 9) de- (showing the opposite, to remove, to reduce) deform（变形）, deface（丑化, 使失面子）, demobilize（复员）, destruction, deforest（采伐森林, 清除树林）, denationalize（解除国有化）, depress（使沮丧, 使消沉, 压下）, depression, devalue（减值, 贬值）, decode （解码, 译解）, decrease, degenerate *（退化）, degrade *（降级, 堕落, 退化）, descend（下来, 下降）, descendant *（子孙, 后裔, 后代）, descent *（降下, 降落）, deviate, depart, decline, deny, denial 10) pre- (before, in advance) prefix , pre-historic, precaution（预防, 警惕）, precede *（领先, 在.之前, 先于）, preceding（在前的, 前述的）, preclude *（排除）, predecessor *（前辈, 前任）, predict, predominant *（卓越的, 支配的, 主要的）, preface（序文, 前言）, prejudice（偏见, 成见）, preliminary（预备的, 初步的）, premature *（未成熟的,早熟的）, premier *（总理）, premise *（提论,假定）, premium *（额外费用, 奖金, 保险费）, preparation, prepare, prepay（预付）, preside *（主持）, president, presumably（推测起来, 大概）, presume *, pretext *（借口, 托辞）, prevail（流行, 盛行）, prevent, previous（在前的, 早先的）, prewar11) ante-, (before, in advance) anteroom（接待室, 前厅）, ante-Christian, antemeridian（上午的）, anticipate（预期, 期望）, antique（古物, 古董）12) fore- (in advance, before, in or at the front) forehead, foreman（领班, 工头, 陪审团主席）, foretell （预言, 预示）, foresee *, forefather （祖先, 祖宗）, foreleg, forerunner（先驱, 预兆） , foremost（最先的, 最初的）, forecast（预见, 预测）, forewarn（预先警告）13) ex- (former, outside, out) ex-minister（前部长）, ex-president（前总统）, ex-Soviet Union, ex-wife（前妻）, export, exclude（把.排除在外, 排斥）, exclusive（排外的, 唯一的）, excursion（远足, 离题）, exhibit, exile *（放逐, 流放）, exit, exotic *（异国情调的, 奇异的）, expand, expansion, expedition *（远征, 探险队）, expel *（驱逐, 开除）, expend *（花费, 消耗）, expenditure *（支出, 花费）, expense, explode（爆炸, 爆发）, explosion, explosive, expose（使暴露,使曝光）, exposition *（博览会, 展览会, 说明）, exposure（暴露, 揭露）, express, expression, extend, extension（延长, 扩充）, extensive（广大的, 广泛的）, exterior（外部的, 外在的）, external（外部的, 客观的）, extinct（熄灭的, 灭绝的, 耗尽的）, extra, extract *（摘录, 析取）14) post- (later than, after) postgraduate（研究生）, post-war, postmeridian （午后的）, postpone（推迟, 延迟）, postscript （附言, 后记）15) sub- (under, below, less important) subject（受制于.的, 受.影响的）, subway（地道, 地铁）, subtitle（副题, 说明对白的字幕）, submarine *（潜水艇, 潜艇）, sub-zero, submerge（浸没, 淹没）, submit（服从, 提交）, subordinate *（次要的, 从属的, 下级的）, subscribe *（捐款, 订阅）, subsection（分段, 小部分）, subsequent（后来的, 并发的）, subsidiary *（辅助的, 补充的）, subsidy *（补助金, 津贴）, substance, substantial（坚固的, 实质的,）, substitute（代替, 替换, 替代）, subtract（减去, 减）, suburb（表面下的, 地下的）16) infra- (under) infrastructure （基础设施）, infrared （红外线）17) re- (again, back to a former state) react, reaction, recall（回忆, 回想）, recede *（后退）, receipt（收据, 收到）, recipient *（容纳者, 容器）, reclaim *（要求归还, 收回）, recognize, recognition, record, recorder, recover（痊愈, 复原, 胜诉）, recovery, recreation（消遣, 娱乐）, recur *（复发, 重现）, recycle *, redundant *（多余的）, reflect, reflection（反射, 映象, 倒影）, reflexion（反射, 反射光）, reform, refrain *（节制, 制止）, refresh, refreshment *（点心, 饮料, 精力恢复, 爽快）, refund *, refute *（驳倒, 反驳）, reinforce（加强, 增援, 补充）, reject（拒绝, 抵制, 否决）, rejection, remember, remind, removal, remove, renaissance *（复兴, 新生, 文艺复兴）, renew, repay *（偿还, 报复）, repeat, repeatedly, repel *（击退, 抵制）, repetition（重复, 循环, 复制品）, replace, replacement, reply, report, reporter, represent, representative, repression *（镇压, 抑制）, reproduce, respect, respond, response, responsibility, responsible, restore（恢复, 使回复, 归还）, resume（再继续, 重新开始）, return, reunion *（团圆, 重聚）, reuse, review, revise（修订, 校订）, revive*（复兴, 复活）,retrieve, refine, reluctance18) co-, col-, com-, con-, cor- (with together) co-existence（共存）, cooperate（合作）, cooperative *, co-author（合作作者）, coalition *（合并, 接合, 联合）, coherent *（一致的, 连贯的）, coincide *（一致, 符合）, coincidence *, collaboration *（协作, 通敌）, colleague, collide *, collision（碰撞, 冲突）, compassion（同情,怜悯）, concentric（同中心的）, conjoin（结合, 连结）, coordinate（同等, 调和）, correlation（相互关系, 相关）,competitive, comparative, commerce19) inter- (between, among) international, interchangeable（可互换的）, interdependent（相互依赖的, 互助的）, interpersonal（人与人之间的）, interview（面试，会见）, interact *（相互作用）, interaction, intercourse *（交往, 交流）, interface （分界面, 接触面）, interfere（干涉, 干预, 妨碍）, interference, Internet, interrupt（打断，中断）, interval（间隔, 距离, 幕间休息）, intervene *（干涉, 介入）, interstate 20) macro- (large) macroeconomics （宏观经济学）, macrocosm （宏观世界）, macrostructure（宏观结构）21) micro- (extremely small) microcomputer（微型电子计）, microeconomics （微观经济学）, microscope（显微镜）, microphone, microsurgery（显微外科）22) super- (greater or more than) super, supermarket, supersonic *（超声波）, superman, superpower（超级强权）, supernatural, supervise *（监督, 管理）, superb（庄重的,华丽的, 极好的）, superficial（表面的, 肤浅的）, superintendent *（主管, 负责人）, superior（较高的, 上级的）, superiority *, supreme（极度的, 极大的, 至高的）23) sur- (more than, beyond) surplus（剩余, 过剩）, surtax（附加税）, surface（表面, 外表）, surpass *（超越, 胜过）, surround, survival, survive, suspect（怀疑, 对.有所觉察）24) ultra- (beyond, very, too) ultramodern（超现代化的）, ultrasound（超频率音响）, ultra-violet *（紫外线的, 紫外的）25) auto- (of or by oneself) auto, autocriticism, autoland（自动着陆）, automobile, automation *（自动控制）, automatic（自动的, 机械的）, autobiography （自传）, autonomous *（自治的）, autonomy *（自治）26) mal- (bad, badly) malfunction（故障）, maltreat （虐待, 滥用）, malnutrition （营养失调, 营养不良）, malpractice （玩忽职守）27) tele- (at or over a long distance, by or for television) telegram（电报）, television, telegraph, telephone, telecommunications *（远程通讯）, telescope, telescreen（电视屏幕,荧光屏）, teleswitch（遥控键,遥控开关）, televise 28) semi-, hemi- (half) semicircle , semiconductor（半导体）, semi-colony , hemisphere *（半球）29) uni-, mono- (one) uniform（制服，统一）, unify *（统一, 使成一体）, union, unique, unit, unite, unity, universe, universal, university, monologue （独白, 独脚戏）, monopoly *（.垄断, 垄断者）, monotonous *（单调的）, carbon monoxide（一氧化碳）30) bi-, di- (two) biweekly（双周的,半月刊）, bicycle, bilateral (有两面的, 双边的), billion(十亿), dialogue, carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)31) tri- (three) tricycle （三轮车）, triangle（三角形）, trilogy （三部剧, 三部曲）, triple（三倍数）32) quadri-, quadru- (four) quadruple （四倍）, quadrangle （四角形, 四边形, 方院）33) penta- (five) pentagon（五边形）, Pentagon（五角大楼）, Pentium（奔腾处理器）34) hexa- (six) hexagon（六角形, 六边形）, hexangular（六角的）35) sept- (seven) September, Sept-Wolves36) octa- (eight) octagon（八边形, 八角形）, octave（八度音阶）, octopus（章鱼）, October37) nona- (nine) nonagon（九边形）, November38) deci-, deca- (ten) decade, decimal *（十进的, 小数的）39) centi- (hundredth part) centigrade（百分度的, 摄氏温度的）, centimeter（厘米）, centipede （蜈蚣）, century（世纪）40) kilo- (thousand) kilo, kilometer（千米）, kilogram(me)（千克）, kilowatt （千瓦）41) mill- (thousand) millennium （太平盛世, 一千年）, millimeter（毫米）42) multi- (many) multi-purpose, multinational（跨国的）, multiple（多样的, 多重的）, multiply（繁殖, 乘, 增加）, multitude（多数, 群众）43) counter-, anti-, contra- (opposite, against) counterattack（反击, 反攻）, counterclockwise（反时针方向）, counterrevolutionary（反革命）, antibiotic（抗生素）, antimatter（反物质）, antiwar, contradict *（同.矛盾, 同.抵触）, contradiction, contramissile（反导弹）, contranatural（违背自然的）, contrary（相反的, 逆的）, contrast（对比, 对照）44) mini- (smallest, short) minibus（面包车）, miniskirt（超短裙）, minimum（最小值, 最小化）, minister, minimize, ministry, minor（较小的, 次要的）, minority（少数, 少数民族）, minute（微小的, 详细的）45) max- (greatest) maximum, maximal （最大的, 最高的）, maximize （取.最大值, 最佳化）46) out- (outside, beyond) outdo（胜过）, outwit（瞒骗, 以智取胜）, outlive（比.长命, 比.耐久）, outnumber（数目超过, 比.多）, outdoor, outstanding, outskirts （外边, 郊区）, outward, outcome, outer, outing *（外出, 旅行, 散步）, outline, outlook, output（产量, 输出, 输出量）, outrage *（暴行, 侮辱）, outside47) over- (too much, above, additional) overwork, overuse, overtake（赶上, 追上，压倒）, overpass *（天桥, 胜过，通过, 忽视）, overthrow *（推翻, 打倒）, overturn *（推翻, 颠倒）, overall（全部的, 全面的）, overdue （迟到的，过期的）, overhead（在头上的, 高架的）, overhear *（无意中听到, 偷听）, overlook（俯瞰, 远眺, 没注意到）, oversea（外国的, 海外的）, 48) trans- (across, on or to the other side of) transaction *（学报, 交易）, transatlantic（大西洋彼岸的）, transcend *（超越, 胜过）, transfer（转移, 调转, 调任）, transform（转换, 使.变形）, transistor *（晶体管）, transit *（横越, 通过, 经过）, transition *, translate, translation, transmission（发射, 传动, 传送, 传输, 转播）, transmit, transmitter （转送者, 让渡者）, transparent（透明的, 显然的）, transplant（移植,移民,）, transport, transportation49) under- (too little, below) underdevelopment（不发达）, underestimate（低估）, undergraduate（尚未取得学位的大学生）, underground, underlie （位于.之下, 成为.的基础）, underline（下划线）, undersea（海面下的）, underlying *（在下面的, 根本的）, undermine *（破坏）, underneath（在下面）, underwear（内衣）50) neo- (new) neo-Nazism （新纳粹主义）, neolithic （新石器时代的）51) be- (cause to be or have) befriend（待人如友, 帮助）, belittle（轻视, 使.显得渺小）52) bio- (life) biology, biography *（传记）, autobiography, antibiotic53) en- em- (cause to become, put into the stated condition) embody（具体表达, 使具体化, 包含）, empower, endanger, enlarge, enrich54) extra- (outside, beyond) extracurricular（课外的, 业余的）, extraordinary（非常的, 特别的）55) mid- (middle) midday, midnight56) poly- (many) polycentric（多中心的）, polydirectional（多方向的,多向性的）57) pseudo- (not real, false) pseudomemory（记忆错误）, pseudoscience（假科学, 伪科学）58) thermo- (heat) thermochemistry（热化学）, thermometer（温度计）59) vice- (next in rank below) vice-chairman, vice-president2. Suffixes Nouns1) ant, -ent applicant, component（成分）, servant, student2) er, -or, -ar employer, interviewer, trainer, painter, New Yorker, Northerner, lighter（点火者, 打火机）, cooker, conductor（领导者, 经理）, beggar3) ee absentee, abandonee（被遗弃者）, employee, interviewee, trainee4) eer engineer, pioneer5) an, -ian, -arian historian（历史学家, 史家）, humanitarian（人道主义者）, librarian, musician, Canadian6) ese Chinese, Japanese7) ist artist, Marxist, capitalist（资本家, 资本主义者）8) ism socialism, capitalism, mechanism（机械装置, 机构, 机制）9) -ability, -ibility ability, flexibility（弹性, 适应性）10) age postage（邮资）, shrinkage（收缩）11) al arrival, refusal12) ance, -ence appearance, reference13) ancy, -ency emergency（紧急情况, 突然事件）, expectancy（期待, 期望）14) cy accuracy, bankruptcy（破产）15) dom freedom, kingdom, wisdom16) ery bravery, cookery（烹调术）17) ess actress, lioness（雌狮）18) ette cigarette, novelette（中篇或短篇小说）, cassette（盒子, 盒式磁带）19) ful handful, spoonful（一匙）20) hood childhood, brotherhood, neighborhood（邻居关系）21) ics economics, electronics（电子学）, mechanics（机械学、力学）, physics, mathematics, politics22) ion(-sion, -ssion -ition, -ation) decision, discussion, inflation（胀大, 夸张, 通货膨胀）, translation, action, correction 23) ity, -ty reality, curiosity, purity, security, certainty, cruelty, difficulty, loyalty（忠诚, 忠心）, poverty, safety24) ment movement, agreement, harassment（折磨）25) ness carelessness, greatness, friendliness, weakness, tiredness26) ology futurology, geology（未来学）, biology, musicology, psychology（心理学, 心理状态）, anthropology （人类学）27) ship hardship, friendship, sportsmanship（运动家精神）28) th birth, death, breadth, strength, truth29) -ure closure, exposure（暴露, 揭露） Adjectives30) able, -ible acceptable, admissible（可容许的, 可接纳的）, avoidable, eatable, countable, notable *（值得注意的, 显著的）, suitable, variable31) al educational, additional, normal, natural, essential（本质的, 实质的）32) an, -arian, -ian suburban, disciplinarian（训练者, 规律）, Canadian33) ant, -ent different, resultant（作为结果而发生的, 合成的）34) ary, -ory advisory, customary（习惯的, 惯例的）35) ate considerate（考虑周到的）, fortunate（幸运的, 幸福的）36) en golden, wooden, woolen（毛纺的）37) ern northern, southern38) ese Chinese, Japanese39) free carefree（无忧无虑的, 不负责的）, troublefree40) ful careful, painful41) ic, -ical atomic（原子的,微粒子的）, biological, economic, economical, historic, historical, scientific, medical, mechanic, mechanical42) ish selfish, childish, womanish, greenish, reddish, yellowish, Swedish, Danish43) ive creative, decisive, supportive44) less useless, fruitless（不结果实的）, boundless（无限的, 无边无际的）, groundless（无根据的, 没有理由的）, hopeless, jobless45) like childlike, ladylike46) ly manly, monthly47) ous, ious, -uous, -eous various, continuous, courageous 48) proof airproof, bulletproof（防弹的）, fireproof, waterproof49) some tiresome , lonesome, quarrelsome（喜欢吵架的, 好争论的）, troublesome, worrisome 50) ward downward, homeward51) y hairy, noisy Verbs52) en deepen, fasten, lengthen, strengthen, harden53) ify beautify, classify, electrify, horrify, modify（更改, 修改）, simplify54) ize, -yze, -ise, -yse analyze, modernize, industrialize, popularize, specialisation , professionalisation Adverbs55) ly clearly, easily, quickly56) ward, -wards inward, outward, upward, downward, homeward, northwards57) -wise clockwise, otherwise3. Stems1) aero (air) aerial *（航空的, 空气的）, aeroplane, aeronautics （航空学, 航空术）2) agri (land) agriculture, agronomy （农艺学, 农学）3) ann (year) anniversary（周年纪念）, annual, semiannual（每半年的, 半年的）, centennial（百年纪念）4) astro, aster (star) astrology （占星术）, astronomy *（天文学）, astronaut , disaster, asteroid（小游星, 小行星）5) audi (to hear) audience, auditorium （听众席, 观众席）, audit , auditor , auditory （耳的, 听觉的） audio-visual6) bell (war) rebel, rebellion（谋反, 叛乱）, rebellious, belligerent（好战的, 交战的）7) ced (to go) precede（领先, 在.之前, 先于）, precedent（先例）, unprecedented（空前的）, exceed（超越, 胜过）, proceed（进行, 继续下去, 发生）, succeed8) cid, cis (to cut, to kill) decide, decision, decisive *, concise（简明的, 简练的）, suicide（自杀, 自毁）, homicide（杀人, 杀人者）, pesticide（杀虫剂）9) claim (to cry, to shout) exclaim（呼喊, 惊叫）, proclaim（宣布, 声明）, acclaim（喝彩, 欢呼）, clamor（喧闹, 叫嚷）10) clar (clear) declare, clarify（澄清, 阐明）, clarity *11) cord (heart) cordial（热忱的, 诚恳的, 兴奋的）, concord（和谐, 一致）, discord （不一致, 意见不合）, accord（一致, 符合）12) cred (to believe, to trust) credible（可信的, 可靠的）, incredible, credulous（轻信的）, credit, credential（国书, 信任壮）13) dent (tooth) dental, dentist *（牙医）14) dict (to say) contradict（同.矛盾, 同.抵触）, dictate, dictator, predict, indicate, indicative（指示的, 预示的）15) fact (to do, to make) factory, manufacture（生产）, benefactor（恩人, 捐助者）, malefactor（犯罪分子）16) flu (to flow) fluent（语言流利的）, influence, influenza（流行性感冒）, fluid（流动的, 不固定的）17) geo (earth) geography, geometry, geology *, geopolitics （地缘政治学）18) gram, graph (to draw, to write) diagram（图表）, telegram, program, photograph, geography, telegraph 19) insul (island) insulate（使绝缘, 隔离）, insulator , insular, peninsular（半岛的）20) ject (to throw) project, inject(注射, 注入), reject, subject, eject(驱逐, 喷射)21) liber (free) liberate, liberty(自由), liberal（自由主义者）, liberalism 22) liter (letter) literate , literacy（有文化，有教养）, illiterate（文盲）, illiteracy, literature（文学）, literary（文艺的, 精通文学的, 书）, literal *（文字的, 照字面上的）, literally*23) log (to speak) dialogue, apology（道歉）, prologue（序言）, monologue（独白）, logic24) manu (hand) manuscript *（手稿, 原稿）, manu