广西柳州市高考英语单项选择和阅读理解一轮选练（8）.docVIP

广西柳州市2016高考英语单项选择和阅读理解一轮选练（8）.单项填空1now most of the computers look_to each other in appearance，but in fact they are quite different.afamiliar bsimilar csame ddifferent解析考查形容词辨析。be familiar to为熟知；be similar to与相似。答案b2_around the fire，the tourists danced with the local people.agatherbto gather cgathering dto be gathering解析 句意：那些旅行者们聚在篝火周围和当地人一起跳舞。本句没有连词，可判断本题考查非谓语动词作状语，故首先排除a项；不定式作状语且置于句首时常作目的状语，不符合句意，故排除b、d两项；本题设空处作伴随状语，只有c项符合要求。答案 c3although she said it was nothing serious，i insisted that a doctor_at once.amust be sent for bbe sent forcis sent for dshould send for解析考查虚拟语气。insist表示“坚持”时，后面的宾语从句要用(should)do，该句为被动式。答案b4its not what we do once in a while _shapes our lives，but what we do consistently.awhich bthatchow dwhen解析 考查强调句型的用法。句意：影响我们生活的不是我们偶尔做什么，而是我们一贯做什么。强调部分是句子的主语，空格部分应是强调句型中的that，故选b项。答案 b5once he is_to do something，nothing can make him give it up.asatisfied bworriedcmade ddetermined解析考查形容词的辨析。句意：他一旦决定做某事，什么事情也不能让他放弃的。此处be determined to to sth意为“决定做某事”，符合句意。satisfied意为“满意的”；worried意为“不安的，担心的”；made意为“使，让”，均不符合句意。答案d6he trusts you，so only you can_him to give up that crazy idea.atempt bpersuadecadvise dtry to persuade解析句意：因此只有你能说服他放弃。persuade sb to do sth说服某人做某事。答案b7 in many peoples opinion，that company，though relatively small，is pleasant_.ato deal with bdealing withcto be dealt with ddealt with解析 在“主语beadj.不定式”句型中，作状语的不定式常用其主动形式表示被动意义，常用于此句型的形容词有：hard，difficult，easy，comfortable，interesting，heavy，dangerous，possible，pleasant等，be pleasant to deal with相处起来很融洽。答案 a8he thinks only of himself；he doesnt_other people.acare about bcare forccare of dcare to解析句意：他只想着自己，不关心别人。care about sb关心某人，符合句意。答案a9no matter what you do，you must_your mind_it.aput；to bkeep；oncapply；on dput；into解析keep ones mind on.全神贯注于，固定搭配；apply ones mind to，put ones mind in。答案b10what shall we use for power when all the oil in the world has_？agiven out bput outcheld up dused up解析give out用完；use up也可作“用完”讲，但应用被动形式。答案a11thats a lovely dress.you look good in it.really？thank you.my aunt gave it to me for my birthday，but i dont_the color.ago in for bcare forccare about dconcern about解析 go in for从事，爱好(表示长期的爱好)；care for喜欢，介意；care about关心，惦念；concern多为及物动词，在be concerned后才跟介词about，for，with等。从语境看，只有b项合适。答案 b12john is very_if he promises to do something hell do it.aindependent bconfidentcreliable dflexible解析句意：约翰非常值得信赖如果他答应做一件事，他就一定会做到。reliable意为“可靠的，可信赖的”；independent意为“独立的，自主的”；confident意为“自信的”；flexible意为“可变通的，灵活的”。答案c13sam insisted that he_the law and_.adidnt break；mustnt be punishedbdoesnt break；shouldnt punishchadnt broken；be not punisheddhadnt broken；not be punished解析句意：sam说他没有犯法因而不该受到惩罚。insist后面的从句中，如果陈述的是事实，用陈述语气；如果表示“坚持主张”的含义，要用“(should)动词原形”的虚拟语气形式。答案d14there is nothing more i can try_you to stay，so i wish you good luck.abeing persuaded bpersuadingcto be persuaded dto persuade解析 句意：既然我没有办法说服你留下来，我只好祝你好运。i can try及后面的部分省略了that定语从句，先行词为nothing more，将其代入后为：i can try nothing more to persuade you to stay.我没有办法说服你留下来。由此可看出to persuade在本句中作目的状语。答案 d15to change attitudes_employing women，the government is bringing in new laws.aabout bof ctowards don解析固定结构attitude towards“对态度”。答案c。【由北京市丰台区2014高考模拟改编】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。have you ever looked toward the sky on a fall day and witnessed a group of migrating birds? if so, you probably noted the v-shaped formation of the birds or the birds flying in a ball-like formation. why do birds fly this way? many theories have been developed to explain the formation patterns of different types of birds. one theory is that birds fly in certain formations to take advantage of the laws of nature. the birds know that flying in a v-shaped pattern will save energy. like the lead cyclist in a race who decreases wind force for the cyclists who follow, the lead bird cuts wind force for the birds that follow. this decrease in wind force means that the birds use up to 70 percent less energy during their flight. when the lead bird becomes tired, a more rested bird takes over that position. but saving energy is important for more than one reason. sometimes food is short during migration flights. keeping energy enables the birds to fly longer distances between meals. when food is sighted, the birds guide one another in a different way. when a bird identifies a familiar feeding area, it might turn around in order to signal the group to change direction. then, this bird becomes the new leader. it helps guarantee that other birds will know exactly where it is going. then the whole group makes a change in direction, gently streaming from the sky down to the ground. this formation is like an arrow pointing to the location of food. scientists have also studied the birds that sometimes fly in a ball-like formation. researchers believe that the birds come together if a predator（天敌） is spotted. the predator may then become impatient waiting for a single bird to fly away from the group. the birds will often dip and dive as a group, frustrating even the most persistent enemy. scientists report that this is a very effective method of defense against an attack. the birds care for their fellow fliers through teamwork. as transportation expert henry ford once said, “if everyone is moving forward together, then success takes care of itself.” when it comes to teamwork, these feathered fliers are a soaring success!1. according to the passage, we can learn that birds _. a. move faster than cyclists b. prefer to fly in a v formationc. are smarter than other animalsd. play different roles in a formation 2. when food is sighted, _.a. the group follows the discoverer b. the lead bird decides what to doc. the discoverer leaves the group d. the whole group forms a stream3. to protect themselves from attack, birds will _ .a. break into groupsb. come close together c. change directionsd. fly up and down4. which is the best title for the passage?a. a birds-eye view of teamwork.b. success takes care of itself. c. the strongest will survive.d. a science behind flying.【参考答案】14、dab a阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界江苏省盐城中一模】antidepressant（抗忧郁）drugs such as prozac were viewed in the early 1900s as wonder pills that would remove depressive blues for good. but in the past five years, growing scientific evidence has shown these drugs work for only a minority of people. and now a research journal says that these antidepressants can make many patients depression worse. this alarming suggestion centres on the very chemical that is targeted by antidepressants-serotonin（血清素）. drugs such as prozac are known as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors（or ssris）. their aim is to increase the level of this “feel-good” chemical in the brain. but the new research, published in the journal frontiers in evolutionary psychology, points out that serotonin is like a chemical swiss army knife, performing a very wide range of jobs in the brain and body. and when we start changing serotonin levels purposely, it may cause a wide range of unwanted effects. these can include digestive problems and even early deaths in older people, according to the studys lead researcher paul andrews. “ we need to be much more cautious about use of these drugs,” says andrews, an assistant professor of evolutionary psychology at mcmaster university in ontario, canada. previous research has suggested that the drugs provide little benefit for most people with mild depression, and actively help only a few of the most severely depressed. famous psychologist irving kirsch has found that for many patients, ssris are no more effective than a placebo pill. a research in 2010 on danish children found a small, but significant, increase in the risk of heart problems among babies whose mothers had used ssris in early pregnancy. the key to understanding these side-effects is serotonin, says andrews. serotonin is also the reason why patients can often end up feeling still more depressed after they have finished a course of ssri drugs. he argues that ssri antidepressants disturb the brain, leaving the patient an even greater depression than before. “after long use, when a patient stops taking ssris, the brain will lower its levels of serotonin production,” he says, adding that it also changes the way receptors in the brain respond to serotonin, making the brain less sensitive to the chemical. these changes are believed to be temporary, but studies indicate that the effects may continue for up to two years. most disturbingly of all, andrews review features three recent studies which, he says , show that elderly antidepressant users are more likely to die earlier than non-users, even after taking other important variables into account. one study, published in the british medical journal last year, found patients given ssris were more than 4 per cent more likely to die in the next year than those not on the drugs. “serotonin is an ancient chemical,” says andrews. “it is regulating many different processes, and when you disturb these things, you can expect that it is going to cause some harm.”stafford lightman, professor of medicine at the university of bristol, and a leading uk expert in brain chemicals and hormones, says andrews review highlights some important problems, yet it should also be taken with a pinch of salt. “this report is doing the opposite of what drug companies do,” he says. “drug companies selectively present all the positives in their research, while this search selectively presents all the negatives that can be found. nevertheless, andrews study is useful in that it is always worth pointing out that there is a downside to any medicine. ” professor lightman adds that there is still a great deal we dont know about ssris-not least what they actually do in our brains. when it comes to understanding why the drugs work only for a limited part of patients, u.s. scientists think they might now have the answer. they think that in many depressed patients, its not only the lack of feel-good serotonin causing their depression, but also a failure in the area of the brain that produces new cells throughout our lives. this area, the hippocampus, is also responsible for regulating mood and memory. research suggests that in patients whose hippocampus has lost the ability to produce new cells, ssris do not bring any benefit. 63. according to paragraph 2, serotonin, like a chemical swiss army knife, can .a. make many patients depression worse b. cause a wide range of unwanted effectsc. affect human body and brain in various ways d. provide little benefit for most depressed people64. in stafford lightmans opinion, .a. drug companies dont know the negative effect of antidepressantsb. andrews focused on different things from the drug companiesc. scientists have found what ssris do in the braind. andrews research has no medical value65. which of the following is true about ssris?a. they are used to increase the “feel-good” medical in the brain. b. they can work even when the hippocampus cant produce new cells. c. they create a risk of heart problems in pregnant women. d. they are responsible for controlling mood and memory.66. what is the text mainly about?a. the aim of drug companies. b. the function of ssris. c. the side-effects of antidepressants. d. the cause of depression. 【参考答案】6366、cbac 阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：人物介绍时间：7分钟(2014宁夏银川一中高三月考)sam walton，the founder of walmart，was born in kingfish，oklahoma on march 29,1918.he was raised in missouri where he worked in his fathers store while attending school.this was his first retailing(零售业) experience and he really enjoyed it.after graduation，he began his own career as a retail merchant.he soon opened his first walmart store in 1962 in rogers，arkansas.walmart specialized in name brands at low prices and sam walton was surprised at the success.soon a chain of walmart stores sprang up across rural america.waltons management style was popular with employees and he founded some of the basic concepts of management that are still in use today.after taking the company public in 1970，walton introduced his“profit sharing plan”the profit sharing plan was a plan for walmart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store.sam walton believed that “individuals dont win，while teams do”employees at walmart stores were offered stock options(认股选择权) and store discounts.these benefits are commonplace today，but walton was among the first to implement(实施) them.walton believed that a happy employee meant happy customers and more sales.he also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the companys success，they would care about the company.by the 1980s，walmart had sales of over one billion dollars and over three hundred stores across north america.walmarts unique decentralized(分散的) distribution system，also waltons idea，created the edge needed to further encourage growth in the 1980s during growing complaints that the “superstore” was stopping smaller and traditional stores from developing.by 1991，walmart was the largest us retailer with 1,700 stores.walton remained active in managing the company，as president and ceo until 1988 and chairman until his death.he was awarded the medal of freedom shortly before his death.【语篇导读】本文介绍了沃尔玛公司的创始人山姆沃尔顿。1962年，他开办了第一家沃尔玛百货商店。经过几十年的奋斗，他使沃尔玛公司成为全球最大的连锁零售王国。他的经营理念现在仍然适用。1sam walton first made a hit in retailing when _.ahe worked in his fathers storebhe created waltons management styleca chain of walmart stores sprang up across rural americadhe specialized in name brands at low prices解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“walmart specialized in name brands at low prices and sam walton was surprised at the success.”可知，沃尔玛在低价销售名牌产品时取得了意想不到的成功，因此选d。答案d2what is the purpose of waltons carrying out “profit sharing plan”？ato make sure all the employees had their own shares.bto encourage the employees to work hard and make joint efforts.cto select excellent employees for his stores.dto make more profit for himself.解析细节理解题。根据第四段的第二句“the profit sharing plan was a plan for walmart employees to improve their income dependent on the profits of the store.”可知，雇员的收入与商店的利润挂钩，这个计划就是为了鼓励员工努力工作。答案b3which of the following statements is true?awith waltons management style，employees treated the stores as their own.bwalton wasnt one of the merchants who first implemented stock options.cthe smaller and traditional stores were well affected by waltons stores.din his old age，walton gave all the management to his men.解析细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“he also believed that by giving employees a part of the company and making their success dependent on the companys success，they would care about the company.”可知，沃尔顿的经营理念就是让员工把公司当成自己的一样去关心。答案a4what does the underlined word“edge” in the last paragraph mean here?adanger. bdisadvantage.cadvantage. dsystem.解析词义猜测题。根据上下文内容可知，沃尔顿的想法是让沃尔玛独特的分散配送体系创造优势以进一步鼓励发展，因此edge表示“优势”，故答案为c。答案c阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。【2013界江苏省盐城中一模】detective keeling took his client a good-looking lady into the back yard of the store together. the lady opened a door in the wall and they entered the small room behind the store. they crossed the room to a locked door.the detective went quickly to the policemans house. then the two men hurried to the jewellery store. they looked through the window. the policeman was surprised. he spoke to mr. keeling. “i dont understand. you told me, robbins took a young woman to a restaurant. where is she?”“there she is !” said mr. keeling. he pointed through the window.“do you know the lady with robbins?” asked the policeman.“thats his secret friend,” said mr. keeling.“no! youre wrong! thats robbins wife,” said the policeman. “ive known her for fifteen years.”“what ?” the detective shouted. his face became pale. “who is under the table in the store?”he started to kick the door of the jewellery store.mr. robbins came to the door and opened it. the policeman and the detective ran into the store.“look under that table!” shouted the detective. “be quick!”the policeman lift