2013年考研阅读文章T4精读——解析版.docx

老周的考研 | 考研真题精读2013年考研阅读文章精读解析版Text 4On a five to three vote, the Supreme Court knocked out much of Arizonas immigration law Mondaya modest policy victory for the Obama Administration. But on the more important matter of the Constitution, the decision was an 8-0 defeat for the Administrations effort to upset the balance of power between the federal government and the states.* on a five to three vote 以5:3的投票* a modest policy victory 一次小小的政治上的胜利* on the more important matter of the Constitution 在宪法这一更为重要的问题上In Arizona v. United States, the majority overturned three of the four contested provisions of Arizonas controversial plan to have state and local police enforce federal immigration law. The Constitutional principles that Washington alone has the power to “establish a uniform Rule of Naturalization” and that federal laws precede state laws are noncontroversial. Arizona had attempted to fashion state policies that ran parallel to the existing federal ones.* overturn three of the four contested provisions 推翻了四条有争议的法案中的三条* precede 优于；在之前* noncontroversial 没有争议的 * attempt to fashion the policy 试图改变政策* ran parallel to the existing federal ones. 与现行联邦法律并驾齐驱Justice Anthony Kennedy, joined by Chief Justice John Roberts and the Courts liberals, ruled that the state flew too close to the federal sun. On the overturned provisions the majority held the Congress had deliberately “occupied the field” and Arizona had thus intruded on the federals privileged powers.* On the overturned provisions 在推翻的条款中* the majority held (that) 绝大多数人认为* deliberately 故意地 蓄意地= on purpose * intrude on 打扰，干涉* the federals privileged powers 政府享有的特权However, the Justices said that Arizona police would be allowed to verify the legal status of people who come in contact with law enforcement. Thats because Congress has always envisioned joint federal-state immigration enforcement and explicitly encourages state officers to share information and cooperate with federal colleagues.* verify 核查，查清* the legal status of people 人们的法律身份* in contact with 保持联系;有联系* law enforcement 法律执行The doctors want stricter enforcement of existing laws, such as those banning sales of cigarettes to children.医生们希望加大现行法律的执行力度，如禁止向孩童出售香烟。Two of the three objecting JusticeSamuel Alito and Clarence Thomasagreed with this Constitutional logic but disagreed about which Arizona rules conflicted with the federal statute. The only major objection came from Justice Antonin Scalia, who offered an even more robust defense of state privileges going back to the Alien and Sedition Acts.* the federal statute 宪法原则statue 成文法;法令;法规The new statute covers the care for, bringing up and protection of children.新法令涵盖了儿童保育、养育和保护的相关内容。* offer an even more robust defense 持有更强有力的辩护The 8-0 objection to President Obama turns on what Justice Samuel Alito describes in his objection as “a shocking assertion of federal executive power”. The White House argued that Arizonas laws conflicted with its enforcement priorities, even if state laws complied with federal statutes to the letter. In effect, the White House claimed that it could invalidate any otherwise legitimate state law that it disagrees with.* a shocking assertion 令人震惊的断言* federal executive power 联邦行政权力* enforcement priority 执行优先权* invalidate 驳倒;证明站不住脚；使无效;使作废Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government, and control of citizenship and the borders is among them. But if Congress wanted to prevent states from using their own resources to check immigration status, it could. It never did so. The administration was in essence asserting that because it didnt want to carry out Congresss immigration wishes, no state should be allowed to do so either. Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim.* Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government 一些权力只属于联邦政府* in essence 实质上* no state should be allowed to do so either 任何州都不能做到* Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim 每个法官都理所当然地拒绝了这个不同寻常的要求。核心表达：* on a five to three vote 以5:3的投票* a modest policy victory 一次小小的政治上的胜利* on the more important matter of the Constitution 在宪法这一更为重要的问题上* overturn three of the four contested provisions 推翻了四条有争议的法案中的三条* precede 优于；在之前* noncontroversial 没有争议的 * attempt to fashion the policy 试图改变政策* ran parallel to the existing federal ones. 与现行联邦法律并驾齐驱* On the overturned provisions 在推翻的条款中* the majority held (that) 绝大多数人认为* deliberately 故意地 蓄意地= on purpose * intrude on 打扰，干涉* the federals privileged powers 政府享有的特权* verify 核查，查清* the legal status of people 人们的法律身份* in contact with 保持联系;有联系* law enforcement 法律执行The doctors want stricter enforcement of existing laws, such as those banning sales of cigarettes to children.医生们希望加大现行法律的执行力度，如禁止向孩童出售香烟。* the federal statute 宪法原则statue 成文法;法令;法规The new statute covers the care for, bringing up and protection of children.新法令涵盖了儿童保育、养育和保护的相关内容。* offer an even more robust defense 持有更强有力的辩护* a shocking assertion 令人震惊的断言* federal executive power 联邦行政权力* enforcement priority 执行优先权* invalidate 驳倒;证明站不住脚；使无效;使作废* Some powers do belong exclusively to the federal government 一些权力只属于联邦政府* in essence 实质上* no state should be allowed to do so either 任何州都不能做到* Every Justice rightly rejected this remarkable claim 每个法官都理所当然地拒绝了这个不同寻常的要求。C1. on a five to three vote 5:32. a modest policy victory 3. on the more important matter of the Constitution 4. overturn three of the four contested provisions 5. precede 6. noncontroversial 7. attempt to fashion the policy 8. ran parallel to the existing federal ones. 9. On the overturned provisions 10. the majority held (that) 11. deliberately 12. intrude on ，13. the federals privileged powe