高二英语学习提高资料.doc

高二英语一、重点单词1. elect【用法一】vt. 选举，推选例1：Reagan was elected as the thirty-second President of the United States.里根被选为美国第三十二任总统。例2：Mr Charles was elected (the) chairman of the education committee.查尔斯当选为教育委员会主任委员。【用法二】vt. 作出选择；决定例1：He elected to become a doctor. 他决定当医生。 例2：She elected to return to work after her baby was born. 她决定孩子出生后再去做工作。【相关链接】election n. 选举例1：The government elections will be next month. 政府选举将在下月举行。例2：Who won the election? 谁在选举中获胜了？易错辨析：elect 、choose和select的区别1）elect 只能用于选举人，是投票选举的正式用语。2）choose可用于挑选人或物。例如：Its hard for me to choose from the five pairs.从五双中要挑选对我来说太难了。3)select vt.精心挑选，多用于物。例如：He selected a pair of socks to match his suit. 他精心挑选了一双袜子来与衣服搭配。2. inform【用法一】vt. 通知，报告，告诉例1：Can you inform me where he lives?（inform sb 宾语从句）你能告诉我他住哪儿吗？例2：Have you informed them of your leaving?（inform sb of sth）你通知了他们你想离去吗？【用法二】使感受（与with连用）例如：We should inform students with these principles.我们要使学生们感受到这些原则（的重要性）。【相关链接】information n.U通知，报告，消息，知识例1：Thats a useful piece of information.那是一项有用的情报。例2：Can you give me any information on/ about this matter?你能向我提供有关此事的任何消息吗？（注意介词on/about）3.relate【用法一】有关系（relate to）例如：She is a girl who notices nothing except what relates to herself. 她是这样一个女孩，除了关于她本人的事，什么也不关心。【用法二】（对某人）说，讲（relate sth to sb）例如：He related to his wife some amusing stories about his employer. 他向他妻子述说有关他的雇主的一些有趣的做事。【相关链接】1) relation n. 关系，述说；亲戚例1：They have business relations with our firm. 他们和我们公司有生意来往。例2：I read about the exciting relation of his adventure in Africa. 我读到过关于他在非洲令人兴奋的冒险经历的叙述（文章）。例3：Ill invite all your relations to dinner.我会把你全家亲戚都邀来就餐。2）be related to 与有关（= be connected with）例如：I am not related to him in any way.我与他无任何关系。4.agree【用法一】vi. 同意，答应例如：I asked him to help me and he agreed.我请他帮忙，他答应了。【用法二】vt. 同意（带从句）例如：They agreed that they would start out on time. 他们同意准时动身。【用法三】同意做某事(agree to do sth)例如：They agreed to help solve the problem.他们同意帮忙解决问题。【相关链接】agreement n. 同意, 一致, 协定, 协议;agreeable adj. 使人愉快的, 惬意的, 适合的;易错辨析：1）判断正误：He agreed us to start the meeting at 7:00 p.m.此句错误，因为agree不能跟不定式作宾语补足语。可以改为：He agreed to us starting the meeting at 7:00 p.m. (agree to + 动名词复合结构)也可改为：He agreed that we could start the meeting at 7:00 p.m. (agree带从句)2）agree 与介词with、on、to和区别agree with 同意（某人的观点、看法等）；与相符合；适宜于例1：He doesnt agree with your words.他不同意你的话。例2：Your story agrees with what I have already heard.你的故事与我所听到的完全一致。例3：The climate here doesnt agree with me. 这里的气候对我不相宜。agree to 赞成，同意（计划、方案等）例如：Do you agree to the plan?你同意这个计划吗？agree on对看法一致，在达成协议例如：We agree on this count.在这一点上,我们的意见一致。5. realize (美realise) vt.【用法一】完全认知，了解例1：Does he realize his error yet?他晓得他错了吗？例2：I realize that you must have help fro mothers.我知道你必须有别人的帮助。【用法二】使（计划、希望等）实现例如：Well try our best to realize our hopes.我们将努力实现我们的希望。【相关链接】realizable adj.可实现的, 可实行的, 可了解的realization n.实现易错辨析：recognize 与realize recognize的意思是“重新辨认出”例如：I can still recognize her over the telephone.电话里我也能认出她。6. responsible adj.【用法一】adj.可依赖的, 可靠的例如：Youd better give the task to a responsible man. 你最好把任务交给可靠的人。【用法二】有责任的, 负责的例如：The pilot of the plane is responsible for the passengers safety. 飞机的驾驶员对乘客安全负有责任。【用法三】（指工作、职务等）需要负责的人的，涉及责任的例如：Isnt she too young for such responsible work? 对这种需要负责任的工作而言，她不是太年轻了吗？【相关链接】respond v.回答, 响应, 作出反应responsibility n.U责任, C职责7.adapt vt.【用法一】（使）适应（与to连用）例如：When you go to a new country, you must adapt yourself to new manners and customs. 当你到一个新国家时，你必须使自己适应新的风俗习惯。【用法二】改编，改写例1：Difficult books are often adapted for use in schools.难的书籍常被改编，以便适用于学校。例2：The play has been adapted from the French. 此剧由法文编译而成。【相关链接】adaptable adj.能适应的, 可修改的adaptation n.适应, 改编, 改写本二、重要短语1.burn dow适应 【用法】烧掉，烧为平地例如：The village was burn down during the war.这个村庄在战争期间被烧掉了。易错辨析：1）burn out 烧光，烧毁例如：The building was burned out and only the walls remained. 房子被烧光了，只剩下断恒残壁。2）burn up (炉火)燃起来；烧光例1：The stove is burning up.火炉燃起来了。例2：All the wood has been burnt up.柴火都烧掉了。2. be addicted to 【用法】沉溺于，嗜好，对有（上）瘾例如：He is addicted to smoking.他嗜好吸烟。【相关链接】1）addict vt.使沉溺, 使上瘾；n.入迷的人, 有瘾的人例1：He addicts himself to the drug. 他上了毒瘾。例2：He used to be a drug addict.他曾是个有毒瘾的人。2）be lost/ absorbed in 沉溺于，被深深吸引例1：He is lost in books.他被书本深深地迷住了。例2：Lost in thought, I didnt notice him. 我在沉思，没有注意到他。3. draw attention to 【用法】吸引对的注意例如：You must try your best to draw the listeners attention (to you) when you make a speech. 做报告时你应当设法吸引听众的注意力。【相关链接】1）pay attention to 注意例如：No attention was paid to my advice.我的踵忠告没有一个人注意。2）give ones attention to 注意例如：Give your whole attention to what you are doing. 把全部注意力用于你所做的事。3）call/ invite sbs attention to 请某人注意例如：He called my attention to what he was saying. 他请我注意他的说话。4）fix sbs attention （to） 集中注意力（于）例如：The exhibited new machine fixed our attention. 展出的新机器把我们吸引住了。5）attract sbs attention (to) 吸引某人的注意力（于）例如：He shouted to attract attention.他高声喊叫，以吸引别人的注意。4.be concerned about 为而担心，关心例如：We are all concerned about /for her safety.我们都担心她的安全。【相关链接】1）concern 【用法一】vt.与有关，对很重要例1：Dont trouble about things that dont concern you. 不要担心与你无关的事。例2：As far as I am concerned, I have something to say. 就（此事与）我个人（的关系）而言，我有话要说。【用法二】vt.使担心，使烦恼例如：Dont let my illness concern you.不要为我的疾病而担心。【用法三】vt.忙于，从事（concern oneself with/in be busy with/ be interested in）例如：They are concerning with public work. 他们关心公共众事务。【用法四】n.C关连，关系重大之事例如：It is no concern of mine.这事与我无关。（I have nothing to do with it.）2) concerned adj.关心的, 有关的5. look up to 尊敬，敬佩（某人）例如：Everyone in the class looked up to the teacher. 班上第一个人都尊敬老师。【相关链接】有关look短语look after 照料look back 回顾look down on/upon 轻视，看不起look for寻找look forward to 盼望；期待look into调查look on 旁观 ;看作 (= look upon) look out注意look over翻阅，浏