关系词的省略.doc

定语从句中关系代词的省略与保留一、that在定语从句中作表语时。例如: She is all (that) a teacher should be. 她具备一个老师应该具备的所有条件。 二、that在从句中作补语时。例如: Im not the fool(that) you thought me. 我不是你以前所认为的那个傻子了。 He is the nicest teacher (that) the students consider him in their school. 他就是学生认为学校中最好的那个老师。 三、作状语时的省略。 1. 当先行词是reason,且在定语从句中作原因状语时,可以用关系副词why或关系代词that,也可以省略。例如: The reason (why/that) he failed was his laziness. 他失败的原因是因为他懒惰。 That is the reason I did it. 那就是我做那件事的原因。 2. 当先行词是way,且在定语从句中作方式状语时,关联词可用in which或that,也可以省略。例如: The way(in which/ that) these comrades look at problems is wrong.这些同志看待问题的方式是错误的。 That was the way(in which / that) she worked the problem out. 她就是用那种办法解决问题的。 3. 当先行词是time时,关联词可用when, that或省略。例如: The second time (that) I saw him was in 2000. 我第二次见到他是在2000年。 I dont know the exact time (when/ that) the sports meeting will take place. 我不知道运动会举办的确切时间。 4.当先行词是place时,关联词可用where,that或省略。例如: The place(where/ that) we will have our picnic is not decided yet. 我们举行野餐的地点还没定下来。 This is the right place he was born.这儿就是他的出生地。(注意:句末不可用介词in) 同学们往往认为关系代词作宾语时就一定可以省略,其实不然.在下列四种情况下,关系代词虽作宾语,却不能省略。 一、在介词+whom /which结构中, whom, which不能省略。例如: Do you know any shops nearby in which I can buy flowers?你知道附近有可以买到花的商店吗? That is the headmaster with whom my father was talking just now.刚才和我爸爸交谈的那个人是校长。 二、在非限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词也不能省略。例如: Mr Green, whom you know, is the tallest in our school. 格林先生是我们学校里最高的,你也认识他。 The elephant is like a spear, as anyone can see. 大象像长矛,任何人都知道。 三、在the same . as, such . as, as . as, the same. that结构中, as, that 即使作宾语,也不能省略。例如: I have bought the same bike as you (have). (指同类用as)我买了一辆和你的一样的自行车。 This is the same book that I read the day before yesterday. 这就是我前天读过的那本书。(关系代词that如要换成as, 则指与我读的书一样,而不是同一本。) 四、当and, but, or等连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰一个先行词时,关系代词第一个可省略,第二、第三个等不可省略。例如: This is the book (which) I read yesterday and which I found very interesting. 这就是我昨天读的那本书,它很有趣。 You have many peo