高考英语阅读理解巩固精品练习题（16）.doc

2014高考英语阅读理解巩固精品练习题（16）及答案阅读理解（c）american agricultural scientist norman borlaug has received the congressional gold medal. norman borlaug is often called the man who saved a billion lives and the father of the greenrevolution.his work helped fight starvation in india and pakistan in the nineteen sixties. he won the nineteen seventy nobel peace prize. he, ninety-three years old ,still works as an adviser at the international maize and wheat improvement center in mexico.in accepting the medal, he urged congress and the administration to increase development assistance for agriculture. he said the world needs better and more technology to deal with hunger. in his words: hunger and poverty and misery are very fertile soils into which to plant all kinds of isms, including terrorism. in the 1940s, norman borlaug and a team developed highly productive and disease-resistant wheat for farmers in mexico. about twenty years later, millions of people in india and pakistan were in danger from grain shortages. the improved wheat from mexico also grew well in south asia, combined with changes in growing methods. norman borlaug persuaded farmers to use more fertilizers and pesticide chemicals and to water their crops with irrigation systems. also many a crop can be planted in the same field. the results were big production gains that many believe saved as many as a billion lives.president bush noted that hunger still affects much of the developing world. he said the most fitting honor for norman borlaug is to lead a second green revolution that feeds the world. yet his support for new agricultural technologies has been criticized at times over the years. some researchers worry about the effects of industrial methods of modern farming. population researcher paul ehrlich, for example, wrote a nineteen sixty-eight book called the population bomb. he predicted that population growth would cause widespread harm to the planet. but now, some people are saying there should be greater attention and respect for norman borlaug. a major theme of his work is that people can deal with difficulties and that technology can improve their lives.64. norman borlaug is called “the father of the green revolution” mainly lies in that_.a. he developed highly productive wheat to help fight against hunger b. he made a great contribution to fighting against terrorism and hungerc. he developed a kind of wheat that is environmentally friendly d. he sticks to the belief that technology can improve our lives.65. the best title for the passage would be_.a. norman borlaug, the father of the green revolutionb. golden moments-a long-life strugglec. hunger-a serious problem that affects the developing world.d. norman borlaug, the savior(救星) of the developing country.66. which of the following is not supported by the passage?a. despite his age, norman borlaug still works for the improvement in agricultureb. norman borlaug thinks that hunger and poverty tend to breed crimes and evilc. without norman borlaugs work, hunger problem wouldnt completely be settled nowd. paul ehrlich thinks that population growth would cause widespread harm to the planet. 67. it can be inferred from the passage that_.a. congress and the administration are to blame for hunger and povertyb. not all people are in favor of his new agricultural technologiesc. people can defeat terrorists by improving modern farmingd. the congressional gold medal is the highest civilian honor given by congress.64-67aacb 阅读理解-ethe vienna-based researchers showed that dogs will stop doing a simple task when not rewarded if another dog, which continues to be rewarded, is presentthe experiment consisted of taking pairs of dogs and getting them to present a paw for a rewardon giving this “handshake” the dogs received a piece of foodone of the dogs was then asked to shake hands, but received no foodthe other dog continued to get the food when it was asked to perform the taskthe dog without the reward quickly stopped doing the task, and showed signs of anger or stress when its partner was rewardedto make sure that the experiment was really showing the interaction between the dogs rather than just the frustration of not being rewarded, a similar experiment was conducted where the dogs performed the task without the partnerhere they continued to present the paw for much longerdr frederike range from the university of vienna says this shows that it was the presence of the rewarded partner that was the greater influence on their behaviour“the only difference is one gets food and the other doesnt, they are responding to being unequally rewarded” she saidthe researchers say this kind of behaviour, where one animal gets frustrated with what is happening with another, has only been observed in primates（灵长类） beforestudies with various types of monkeys and chimpanzees show they react not only to seeing their partners receiving rewards when they are not, but also to the type of rewardthe dog study also looked at whether the type of reward made a differencedogs were given either bread or sausage, but seemed to react equally to eitherdr range says this may be because they have been trained72the dogs refused to give the paw when they_afound another dog was given nothingbfelt they were not treated equallycwere aware they received less fooddwere given too much reward73what would the dogs do if they presented their paw alone?athey would go on with the performance much longerbthey would be too shy to present their pawcthey would miss their partnersdthey would compare what they got with that of others74according to the passage, compared with dogs, monkeys and chimpanzees _apay no attention to the type of rewardbonly like to play interesting gamescpay attention to the type of reward as well as whether they are rewardeddcare more about how they are rewarded75which of the following can best summerise the passage?aanimals various ways to show angerbdogs are more envious than mancmost animals want to be be rewarded for their workdanimals also have a sense of fairplay 参考答案72b考查细节理解。第一段说从第三段可知，当一只狗看见同伴因为和人握手得到奖赏而自己没有时，它就不愿意继续继续和人握手。由此推断，狗也有公平意识和嫉妒心理。73a考查细节理解。第四段说在另外一个实验中，狗们独自进行和人握手的动作而没有任何报酬，其行为持续的时间更长得多。由此判断选a，没有了这种不公平，它们就会继续这样做。74c考查推理判断。从第六、八段可知，狗和其他动物的区别是c，猴子和猩猩关注是否得到奖赏，也关注奖赏的种类。75d考查主题大意。全文介绍的主题是d，奥地利科学家发现，实验表明动物和人一样，也有公平意识，它们“不患寡，患不均”，一旦受到不公平的待遇就会消极怠工。阅读理解（d）increasingly, americans are becoming their own doctors, by going online to diagnose their symptoms, order home health tests or medical devices, or even self-treat their illnesses with drugs from internet pharmacies(药店). some avoid doctors because of the high cost of medical care, especially if they lack health insurance. or they may stay because they find it embarrassing to discuss their weight, alcohol consumption or couch potato habits. patients may also fear what they might learn about their health, or they distrust physicians because of negative experiences in the past. but playing a doctor can also be a deadly game. every day, more than six million americans turn to the internet for medical answers most of them arent nearly skeptical enough of what they find. a 2002 survey by the pew internet & american life project found that 72 percent of those surveyed believe all or most of what they read on health websites. they shouldnt. look up “headache”, and the chances of finding reliable and complete information, free from a motivation for commercial gain, are only one in ten, reports an april 2005 brown medical school study. of the 169 websites the researchers rated, only 16 scored as “high quality”. recent studies found faulty facts about all sorts of other disorders, causing one research team to warn that a large amount of incomplete, inaccurate and even dangerous information exists on the internet.the problem is that most people dont know the safe way to surf the web. “they use a search engine like google, get 18 trillion choices and start clicking. but thats risky, because almost anybody can put up a site that looks authoritative(权威的), so itd hard to know if what youre reading is reasonable or not,” says dr. sarah bass from the national cancer institute.68. according to the text, an increasing number of american _.a. are suffering from mental disordersb. turn to internet pharmacies for helpc. like to play deadly games with doctorsd. are skeptical about surfing medical websites69. some americans stay away from doctors because they _.a. find medical devices easy to operateb. prefer to be diagnosed online by doctorsc. are afraid to face the truth of their healthd. are afraid to misuse their health insurance70. according to the study of brown medical school, _.a. more than 6 million americans distrust doctorsb. only 1/10 of medical websites aim to make a profitc. about 1/10 of the websites surveyed are of high qualityd. 72% of health websites offer incomplete and faulty facts71. which of the following is the authors main argument?a. its cheap to self-treat your own illness.b. its embarrassing to discuss your bad habits.c. its reasonable to put up a medical website.d. its dangerous to be your own doctor.68-71 bccd 阅读理解（e）against the supposition (猜想)that forest fires in alaska, canada and siberia warm the climate, scientists have discovered that cooling may occur in areas where burnt trees allow more snow to mirror more sunlight into space.this finding suggests that taking steps to prevent northern forest fires to limit the release of greenhouse gases may warm the climate in northern regions. usually large fires destroyed forests in these areas over the past decade. scientists predict that with climate warming, fires may occur more frequently over the next several centuries as a result of a longer fire season. sunlight taken in by the earth tends to cause warming, while heat mirrored back into space tends to cause cooling.this is the first study to analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climate. earlier studies by other scientists have suggested that fire in northern regions speed up climate warming because greenhouse gases from burning trees and plants are released into the atmosphere and thus trap heat. scientists found that right after the fire, large amounts of greenhouse gases entered the atmosphere and caused warming. ozone（臭氧） levels increased, and ash from the fire fell on far-off sea ice, darkening the surface and causing more radiation from the sun to be taken in. the following spring, however, the land within the area of the fire was brighter than before the fire, because fewer trees covered the ground. snow on the ground mirrored more sunlight back into space, leading to cooling. “we need to find out all possible ways to reduce the growth of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.” scientists tracked the change in the amount of radiation entering and leaving the climate system as a result of the fire, and found a measurement closely related to the global air temperature. typically, fire in northern regions occurs in the same area every 80 to 150 years. scientists, however, found that when fire occurs more frequently, more radiation is lost from the earth and cooling results. specifically, they determined when fire returns 20 years earlier than predicted, 0.5 watts per square meter of area burned are soaked up by the earth from greenhouse gases, but 0.9 watts per square meter will be sent back into space. the net effect is cooling. watts are used to measure the rate at which energy is gained or lost from the earth.72. according to the new findings, taking steps to prevent northern forest fires may _.a. result in a warming climate b. cause the forest fires to occur more frequentlyc. lead to a longer fire season d. protect the forests and the environment there73. earlier studies about northern forest fires _.a. analyze all aspects of how northern fires influence climateb. indicate that forest fires will pollute the atmospherec. suggest that people should take measures to protect environmentd. suggest that the fires will speed up climate warming74. the underlined phrase “soak up” in the last paragraph most probably means _.a. released b. absorbed c. created d. distributed75. from the passage we can draw a conclusion that forest fires in alaska, canada and siberia may _.a. warm the climate as the supposition goesb. allow more snow to reflect more sunlight into space and thus cool the climatec. destroy large areas of forests and pollute the far-off sea iced. help to gain more energy rather than release more energy【参考答案】71-75adbb第三部分阅读理解（共20小题，毎小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（、）中，选出最佳选项。athe story goes that some time ago, a man punished his 3-year-old daughter for wasting a roll of gold wrapping papermoney was tight and he became infuriated（愤怒的） when the child tried to decorate a box to put under the christmas treenevertheless, the little girl brought the gift to her father the next morning and said, this is for you, daddy the man was embarrassed by his earlier overreaction, but his anger flared again when he found out the box was emptyhe yelled at her, stating, dont you know, when you give someone a present, there is supposed to be something inside? the little girl looked up at him with tears in her eyes and cried, oh, d