山东省枣庄市英语阅读理解一轮选练（4）(1).docVIP

山东省枣庄市2015英语阅读理解一轮选练（4）（答案）阅读理解。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项。 for those who make journeys across the world, the speed of travel today has turned the countries into a series of villages. distances between them appear no greater to a modern traveler than those which once faced men as they walked from village to village. jet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other, allowing them a freedom of movement undreamt of a hundred years ago.yet some people wonder if the revolution in travel has gone too far. a price has been paid, they say, for the conquest (征服) of time and distance. travel_is_something_to_be_enjoyed,_not_endured (忍受). the boat offers leisure and time enough to appreciate the everchanging sights and sounds of a journey. a journey by train also has a special charm about it. lakes and forests and wild, open plains sweeping past your carriage window create a grand view in which time and distance mean nothing. on board a plane, however, there is just the blank blue of the sky filling the narrow windows of the airplane. the soft lighting, inflight films and gentle music make up the only world you know, and the hours progress slowly.then there is the time spent being processed at a modern airport. people are conveyed like robots along walkways; baggage is weighed, tickets produced, examined and produced yet again before the passengers move to another waiting area. journeys by rail and sea take longer, yes, but the hours devoted to being processed at departure and arrival in airports are luckily absent.no wonder, then, that the modern highspeed trains are winning back passengers from the airlines. man, however, is now a world traveler and cannot turn his back on the airplane. the working lives of too many people depend upon it; whole new industries have been built around its design and operation. the holidaymaker, too, with limited time to spend, patiently endures the busy airports and the limited space of the flight to gain those extra hours and even days, relaxing in the sun. speed controls peoples lives; time saved, in work or play, is the important thingor so we are told. perhaps those first horsemen, riding free across the wild, open plains, were enjoying a better world than the one we know today. they could travel at will, and the clock was not their master.71. what does the writer try to express in paragraph 1? a. travel by plane has speeded up the growth of villages. b. the speed of modern travel has made distances relatively short. c. the freedom of movement has helped people realize their dreams. d. man has been fond of traveling rather than staying in one place.72. how does the writer support the underlined statement in paragraph 2? a. by giving instructions. b. by analyzing cause and effect. c. by following the order of time. d. by giving examples.73. according to paragraph 3, passengers are turning back to modern highspeed trains because_. a. they pay less for the tickets b. they feel safer during the travel c. they can enjoy higher speed of travel d. they dont have to waste time being processed74. what does the last sentence of the passage mean? a. they could enjoy free and relaxing travel. b. they needed the clock to tell the time. c. they preferred traveling on horseback. d. they could travel with their master.75. what is the main idea of the passage? a. air travel benefits people and industries. b. train travel has some advantages over air travel. c. great changes have taken place in modern travel.d. the high speed of air travel is gained at a cost.【要点综述】本文为议论文。主要就当今一些人追求有速度的旅游提出了自己的看法，作者建议人们不妨不坐飞机，改乘其他交通工具，好好欣赏人生的旅途。 71. b主旨大意题。由第一段的一些信息，例如“has turned the countries into a series of villages. distances between them appear no greater tojet planes fly people from one end of the earth to the other”可知第一段主要是想表达现代旅游的速度使旅途变得相当快。72. d推理判断题。画线词后面介绍了乘船旅游的悠然自在以及坐火车旅游的迷人；同时，还列举了坐飞机的缺点，由此可知作者主要通过举例的方法来支持画线句的观点。73. d细节理解题。本段中 “then there is the time spent being processed at a modern airport ” 的内容可知转向坐高铁是因为他们没有必要浪费时间走到机场的“路程”。74. a细节理解题。本文的最后一句提到，他们能按照自己的意愿来旅游，时钟不是他们的主人，言外之意就是，他们能不受时间的限制，享受自由的旅游，故选a项。75. d主旨大意题。本文第一段提到了飞机旅途之快，第二、三段提到了飞机旅途不能欣赏其旅程以及要走到机场这一路程，第四段提到了一些人还得依靠飞机旅途，但也提到这种方式不能让人充分享受旅途的自由，综观全文可知本文主要讲述了飞机旅途的得与失。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】amany people may be surprised by the number of chemicals that they are exposed to through everyday household products.in a study 25 women had their homes and bodies tested for 89 environmental pollutantsincluding pesticides (杀虫剂) and chemicals found in plastics and cleaning products.on average 20 chemicals were found on their bodies or in their homes.much is unknown about the possible health effects of chemicals in everyday household products.but certain chemicalslike phthalates (邻苯二甲酸盐) found in plasticshave been linked to potential health risks，including higher risks of certain cancers，though the evidence mainly comes from research on lab animals.other household chemicals are known to harm the skin，eyes and airwaysand may worsen asthma (哮喘)many more chemicals found remain untested.chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to reduce peoples exposure，according to dr.rebecca altman，the lead researcher on the new study.“however，” she said，“there are still measures people can take.”in the original study，she noted，women were given advice based on the particular chemicals they were exposed tosuch as using fragrancefree washing liquid and personalcare products.for the current study，altman and her colleagues interviewed two dozen women whod taken part in the previous study to see how they would react to information about their household chemical exposures.they found that the women were generally surprised at the range of chemicals found in their homes and bodies.they were also surprised that even some banned things were found.with many questions about the health effects of household chemicals unanswered，some experts worry that giving people information about their everyday exposures will cause unnecessary fear.however，the researchers found that the women in their study were typically not alarmed，and instead wanted “more rather than less” information on the issue.26which of the following statements about chemicals in household products is true?asome of them have bad effects on health，while some have good effects.blongterm exposure to them is certain to cause a deadly illness.cin the study it was found that certain chemicals can cause cancers.dit is uncertain what effects some chemicals have on health.27the underlined word “airways” in paragraph 3 most probably refers to _.athe passage running from your nose and throat to the lungsbthings that look like fine threads growing in the bodycthe passage between rows of rooms in a buildingdthe area just inside the front door of a building28why is it not clear how to reduce exposure to chemicals?abecause all everyday products contain chemicals.bbecause much is unknown about the sources.cbecause chemicals come from a variety of sources.dbecause measures have not been tested for their effects.29according to dr.rebecca altman，_.awomen were more likely to be harmed by chemicalsbfragrant products may contain harmful chemicalscit is unnecessary to inform people about the study resultsdfurther study on everyday products should be done immediately30what was the womens attitude towards the study results?athey were angry that so many chemicals were found.bthey refused to be subjects for the study any more.cthey were afraid of getting bad news about their health.dthey would like to know more related information.26d细节理解题。根据第三段首句可知答案为d。27a词义猜测题。airways与skin，eyes同是身体部位，因此排除c、d两项；根据后面的“may worsen asthma”，再根据构词法知识(air与way合成airway)可知a是正确答案。28c细节理解题。根据第四段“chemicals likely come from a range of sources，so it is not always clear how to.”可知答案为c。29b推理判断题。根据第五段的“such as using fragrancefree washing liquid (比如使用无香的洗涤液)”，可以推出带有芳香剂的日常用品可能含有有害的化学物质。30d细节理解题。根据文章最后一句“wantedmore rather than lessinformation on the issue”可知，她们希望知道更多相关的信息。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(八)】bpenguins live together，but each pair has a little piece of ground of their own.when a penguin wants to walk through its neighbors ground，it must ask permission.if it does not do that，it will have to fight.most of the time，penguins live on the water.they eat shell fish and look after their children carefully.all penguins are good parentsthe male penguins are perhaps the best parents in the world.they walk in the sea in the middle of the dark antarctic water.they choose their wives in the dark.they can only hear themnot see them.then the female penguins lay their eggs and go away for about two months.the males take care of the eggs.if the eggs get cold，there will be no chicks.there is no food.the snow falls heavily and the wind blows stronglysometimes at 150 kilometers an hour.the penguins do not move.when the females return from the sea，they will not remember their husbands.it does not matter.only one thing mattersthe eggs.male penguins never fightunless a penguin leaves a chick for a minute.they then fight because they all want it.they are strange and wonderful birds.31it seems interesting and unusual that the male penguins choose their wives _.awhen the female penguins return from the seabjust by hearing in the darknessceach time they see the lovely femalesdafter they have had their own grounds32male penguins fight when _.athey choose their wivesbthey see a chick left alonecthey want to get something to eatdthey walk through their neighbors ground33from the passage we know that _.apenguins live a hard lifebpenguins live in pairscpenguins will fight if one walks through others ground without permissiondeach penguin has a little piece of ground of its own34the penguins choose their wives in the dark.we can infer that _.apenguins like nights very muchbthere is no daytime in that place at allcthe weather is cloudy and rainy all the year arounddthe sun cant shine there for nearly half a year every year35which of the following is not true?afemale penguins take care of the eggs.bfemale penguins often have their new husbands.cmale penguins use their ears to choose wives.dmale penguins dont move when they take care of eggs，even though the wind often blows strongly.31b细节理解题。根据第二段第三、四句“they choose their wives in the dark.they can only hear themnot see them.”可知，雄性企鹅选择妻子只是在黑暗中通过听的方式。32b推理判断题。根据第二段倒数第三句“male penguins never fightunless a penguin leaves a chick for a minute.”可以得知b项为正确答案。33c细节理解题。根据第一段第二、三句“when a penguin wants to walk through its neighbors ground，it must ask permission.if it does not do that，it will have to fight.”的描述可知c项为正确答案。如果选d项，则each penguin应为each pair。34d推理判断题。根据常识可知此时为极夜，故到处漆黑，没有光线。35a细节理解题。根据第二段第六句“the males take care of the eggs.”可知是雄性而非雌性企鹅照顾这些蛋。 the scottish government has raised its target for sourcing electricity from renewable energy by 30 percentage points.three years ago，it set out to achieve 50% from green power within 10 years.but new industry research suggested that the countrys renewable energy potential was bigger than thought.first minister alex salmond has now announced that the government is setting a new target of 80% of electricity from renewables by 2020.he said: “we are already on the path to a low carbon economyscotland gets nearly a quarter of its electricity from green sources.”“scotland is ideally placed to help lead the renewables revolution and thinking of the levels of planned investment over the next decade.” “i believe it is now time to aim higher and to go further.”an independent analysis was commissioned by scottish renewables into the countrys renewable energy potential，which includes power drawn from wind，tidal，wave and hydro turbines，and energy from waste.it said the 2007 target of sourcing 50% of power needs from green sources within 10 years could easily be reached.it said it should reach 31% by next year，and there are several large projects which have already won approval and will come_on_stream after that.at a conservative estimate of increased generation and reduced demand，the country could have 81% renewable electricity within a decade，consultants garrad hassan claimed.with more ambitious assumptions about investment and consumption，renewables could provide 123% of scotlands power needs.the surplus could be used for exports，requiring improved connectors out of scotland.notes：commission vt.委任；委托turbine n涡轮surplus n盈余长短句分析：an independent analysis was commissioned by scottish renewables into the countrys renewable energy potential，which includes power drawn from wind，tidal，wave and hydro turbines，and energy from waste.句法点睛：这是一个比较复杂的复合句。“into the countrys renewable energy potential”为介词短语，修饰analysis，而后面的which引导的定语从句也修饰analysis。句意：一项独立的对