高考英语单项选择抓分练习（36）.doc

2014高考英语单项选择抓分练习（36）及答案第一部分：英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. exploring _space is exciting, yet dangerous. there is _need for both robots and humans for space exploration.a. the; a b. a; a c. /; a d. /; the2. scientific research results can now be quickly _ to factory production.aused bappliedctried dpracticed3. computer has become a(n) _ part of my life, without which i can hardly deal with my job.aspecial bspecificcessential despecial4. i _ on a sofa because my grandparents have been here for the weekend.a. slept b. was sleeping c. have slept d. am sleeping5. im interested in a onebed room. do you have any _？aconvenient bavailable cpossible dpersonal6. the further falling of the stock market as reported today has _ a fresh wave of selling.agiven off bset off cput off dgot off7. the incomes of skilled workers went up. _， unskilled workers saw their earnings fall.a. moreover b. thereforec. meanwhile d. otherwise8. you may imagine what great difficulty i had_complicated ideas in simple english.aexpressing bto expresscexpressed dexpress9. thanks to mr. smith the father and the son eventually_after ten years cold relationship between them.atook up bmade upclooked up dturned up10he _ whether the articles exhibited at the back of the department store were for sale.ademanded b. decided crequired drequested 11shirley, can i have a look at your photos?_.here you are.aby any means bby no means cby this means dby all means12. i hadnt seen him for 10 years but i _ him at first sight.a. realized b. spotted c. watched d. observed13. _while writing, he locked himself in his study.anot to interrupt bnot being interruptedcnot to be interrupted dbeing not interrupted14. if we keep wasting so much energy, _are that our oil wells will dry up and the environment will be destroyed.a. problems b. difficultiesc. questions d. chances15. andrew wont like it, you know._？ i dont care what andrew thinks!a. so what b. so where c. so why d. so which 1c 该题考查冠词的用法。本题中space是不可数名词，此前不加冠词；need是可数名词，此处表示泛指，所以要用不定冠词。因此该题答案是c。2b句意为：如今科研结果可以很快用于工厂生产。3c本题考查形容词辨析。由后面的分句“没有电脑我几乎无法工作”，可知“电脑已成为我生活中必不可少的(essential)一个组成部分”，故选c项。 special / especial 特别的； specific具体的。4. d 从题干中my grandparents have been here for the weekend判断主句应用现在的某种时态，而且我只是因为祖父母来度周末临时睡沙发，所以选d，现在进行时表示临时性的动作。5b考查形容词辨析。convenient方便的；available可获得的；possible可能的；personal个人的，私人的。句意为：我喜欢单人间，你们这里有(可用的)吗？ 6b考查动词短语辨析。句意为：今天报道的股市的进一步暴跌引发了新一轮抛售的浪潮。set off 表示“引起，激发”，符合语境。give off “发散”， put off “取消”，get off “下车”，均不符合题意。7c 考查副词词义辨析。skilled workers表示“熟练工人”，unskilled workers 表示“不熟练工人”，两者情况进行了对比。 meanwhile“在此期间，同时”，符合句意，故选c。 moreover“此外，而且”；therefore“因此，所以”；otherwise“否则，要不然”。8a 考查非谓语动词。此题涉及固定结构have difficulty(in) doing sth，意为“做很困难”。“what great difficulty i hadcomplicated ideas in simple english.”为感叹句，其陈述句为：“i had great difficultycomplicated ideas in simple english.”。9. b 本题考查动词短语辨析。take up开始从事/喜欢，占据；make up编造，讲和，弥补，打扮，组成；look up向上看，查找；turn up把声音调大，出现。句意为：多亏了smith先生，在经历了十年的冷战后，这对父子终于讲和了。根据句意本题应该选择b项。10a本题考查动词辨析。demand在此处的意思是“询问”。11d考查交际用语及短语辨析。“here you are.”表示同意请求，所以选by all means“当然可以”，相当于of course或certainly。12b 本题考查动词辨析。realize意识到，实现；spot发现，认出；watch注视，看；observe观察。句意：虽然我已经10年没有见他了，但我第一眼就认出了他。故只有b项符合句意。13c本题考查非谓语动词。句意为：他把自己反锁在书房里，是为了写作时不被打扰。表目的应使用不定式短语，又因he是interrupt逻辑上的宾语，故使用被动语态。 14d 解答该题的关键是弄清句意和常用的句式表达形式。本句意思是：如果我们继续如此浪费地利用能源的话，那么很有可能“很有可能”可用chances are thatclause或there are chances thatclause来表达。因此该题答案是d。15a 本题考查交际用语。so what那又怎么样，表示不以为然。冠词在高考中的考查重点：冠词虽少，只有a，an和the三个，但却是全国卷和部分省市自主命题卷中的必考语言点之一。就考查题型而言，以单项选择为主，有时在完形填空和短文改错中出现。名词在高考中的考查重点：一般在单项选择以及完型填空和短文改错中出现, 绝大多数是考查名词词义辨析, 名词和表示数量词结合的考查, 以及主谓一致的考查以及在具体语境中的理解和应用也将占有一席之地主谓一致考查的重点：其实就是三条原则：语法一致，意义一致和就近（远）一致。解题方法：分析句子，找准句子主语，判断句子主语究竟是单数还是复数。1.(2012课标卷)22. sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.a.不填；a b. a; the c. the; 不填 d. the; a【答案】c【解析】考查冠词。第一空为特指，特指“已经画完的油画”。第二空为固定用语：with satisfaction（满意地），不用冠词。2.(2012大纲卷) 7.he missed _gold in the high jump , but will get _second chance in the long jump. a. the ; the b. 不填；a c. the ;a d. a ; 不填 【答案】c 【解析】考查冠词。第一空特指“跳高的金牌”。第二空泛指又有了一次机会。句意：他在跳高中与金牌失之交臂。但他在跳远中还有机会。a second表示“还有，再有”的意思。而the second表示的是“第二次”的意思。3.(2012重庆卷) 24.sam has been appointed _ manager of the engineering department to take _ place of george. a. /,/ b. the,/ c the, the d./, the【答案】d【解析】考查冠词。表示官衔职务的名词作补语和同位语时，前不加冠词。在题干中，“manager”表示职务，作主语补足语，不需要加冠词，而第二个空白处为固定短语“take the place of”，是“代替，取代”之意。句意：山姆被任命为工程部经理取代了乔治。4. (2012安徽卷)21.carl is studying food science at college and hopes to open up meat processing factory of his own one day. a. / ; a b. / ；the c. the; a d. the; the 【答案】a【解析】考查冠词。卡尔在大学里面研究食品科学，希望有一天能够开一 家自己的肉制品加工厂。food science 是学科名称，不加冠词，open up processing factory of his own , 开一家属于自己的肉制品加工厂。5.(2012江西卷) 21. the smiths dont usually stay at hotels, but last summer they spent a few days at a very nice hotel by _ sea.a. /; ab. the; thec. /; thed. the; a6. (2012辽宁卷)21. i woke up with bad headache, yet by evening the pain had gone. a. the; the b. the; an c. a; the d. a; an【答案】c【解析】考查冠词。第一空表示泛指；第二空为固定用法，用定冠词the，故选c项。句意：我醒来时发现我头疼，直到晚上疼痛才消失。8. (2012四川卷)18. we are said to be living in _ information age, _ time of new discoveries and great changes.a. an; the b. 不填; the c. 不填; a d. the; a 【答案】d 【解析】考查冠词。第一空information age前加定冠词the为固定说法；第二空根据句意“据说我们正生活在信息时代，一个充满新发现和巨大变化的时代。”用不定冠词。故答案选d。9. (2012浙江卷)2. the development of industry has been _ gradual process throughout _human existence from stone tools to modern technology. a. / ; the b. the ; a c. a ; / d. a; a 【答案】c【解析】考查冠词。第一空process是可数名词，第一次出现一般用不定冠词，且此次表示“一个”的概念；第二空existence是不可数名词，其此处表示抽象概念，故用零冠词。句意：从石器时代到现代技术时代的人类历史长河中，工业的发展是一个循序渐进的过程。.单项填空1(2012吉林省实验中学模拟)when_help，one often says “thank you.”or “its kind of you.”aofferingbto offercto be offered doffered解析：选d。非谓语动词作状语，首先要弄清主句主语one与offer之间的关系为被动关系，排除a、b两项，c项不能与when连用作状语。2when day dawned，stars_from the sky.akept away bfaded outcfaded into ddied out解析：选b。keep away远离某物；die out绝种；fade into消失在中。句意为“当天空破晓时，星星从天空中逐渐消失。”fade out表示“逐渐模糊”。3(2012九江七校联考)if your order is ready，the tshirt _ to you as soon as possible.ahas delivered bis deliveredcwill deliver dwill be delivered解析：选d。由句意和条件状语从句判断，主句表示将来的动作，故排除a、b两项；主语the tshirt与deliver为被动关系，所以用一般将来时的被动语态。4(武汉高三检测)audiences and critics were_by its originality，vitality，and excitement of the beijing olympic opening ceremony.ahappened breflectedcoccurred dstruck解析：选d。句意：北京奥运会开幕式是那样的别开生面，生气勃勃，激动人心，观众和评论家无不为之倾倒。strike表示“给(某人以)印象；让(某人)觉得”。5the long talk was_and all of us were_of it.atired；tiring btiring；tiredctiring；tiring dtired；tired解析：选b。第一空用tiring说明主语the long talk的特点，“令人乏味的”；第二空用tired表示我们的感受，be tired of“对感到厌倦”。6on aids day，the minister of health department demanded that the problems _paid special attention to.areferred to being breferred to becrefer to being drefer to be解析：选b。句意：在世界艾滋病日，卫生部部长要求应该特别重视提到的这些问题。demand 后面接从句时，从句应用“(should)动词原形”的形式，分析句子结构可知，从句中的主语是the problems，referred to 是过去分词短语作后置定语，be paid special attention to 是谓语部分，前面省略了should。7he was lucky to_to beijing university，where many top students in china are studying.apermit bbe permittedcadmit dbe admitted解析：选d。句意：他很幸运地被允许进入北京大学(学习)，很多中国最好的学生都在此就读。admit sb.to someplace结构的被动式为sb.be admitted to someplace。8the doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal.awouldnt bcouldnt cneednt dshouldnt 解析：选d。考查虚拟语气的用法。recommend的宾语从句中用虚拟语气，既：(should) v.，所以答案为d。9a study shows that students living in nonsmoking dorms are less likely to_the habit of smoking.amake up bpick upcdraw up dturn up解析：选b。句意：一项研究表明住在不吸烟宿舍的学生染上吸烟的可能性更小。pick up the habit“染上(坏)习惯”。10the thief escaped from prison and passed the day_discovery.ain favour of bin fear ofcon account of dat the mercy of解析：选b。in favour of“赞同；有利于”；on account of“因为，由于”；at the mercy of“完全受支配”；in fear of“为提心吊胆”符合语意。句意为：这个小偷逃出监狱，每天提心吊胆怕被发现。11children under 14 must be _by an adult.acompanied baccompaniedcpunished dembarrassed解析：选b。accompany陪伴；陪同。句意为：14岁以下的孩子必须有大人陪同。12for more than 20 years，weve been supporting educational programs that_from kindergartens to colleges.as