高考英语二轮复习 必备考点4 短文改错(1).doc

考点4 短文改错 passage 1 （2010全国卷i）it was a chance of a lifetime to win the first76._prize on the story writing show. all i had to do77._was to write a story or present it. my teachers78._have been telling me how great my writing was.79._so if they had said was true, i would have a chance80._of winning the prize. what were better, i had useful81._help. there was uncle chen, gentleman living82._near my house, who was a very much famous writer.83._he agreed to reading my story and give me some84._advices on how to write like a real writer.85._76. 【解析】 77. 【解析】 onin。考查介词。表示在什么比赛中应用介词in。78. 【解析】 orand。此处write a story与present it为并列关系。 79. 【解析】havehad。考查时态。上下文都是用一般过去时，因为讲的是过去发生的事情，所以把have改为had。80. 【解析】 they前加what。what they had said是what引导的主语从句。81. 【解析】 werewas。考查主谓一致。句子的主语是what，所以应把were改为was。 82. 【解析】 gentleman 前面加a。考查冠词。因为gentleman是可数名词，且在此指一位绅士，所以加a。 83. 【解析】 去掉much。在此只表示很著名的作家，并没有比较之意，所以去掉much。84. 【解析】readingread。agree 用于agree to do sth.，所以把reading改为read。 85. 【解析】advicesadvice。advice是不可数名词，所以把advices改为advice。 passage 2 （2010全国卷ii）christie was one of my best friend at high school.76._at that time, we often spend time together.77._thank toher help, i made great progress in my78._study. last year, she decided to study abroad. in79. _other words, we would be separated for long time.80. _before her leaving off, i prepared a gift to show81. _my best wishes to him. she said it was the best82._ gift she has ever had. from then on, we ve83._ kept touch with each other through e-mails. i84._ look forward to see her again in the near future.85._76. 【解析】friendfriends。考查名词的单复数。friend是可数名词，根据one of可知不只是一位朋友，故把friend改为friends。77. 【解析】spendspent。考查时态。根据时间状语at that time可知此处讲的是过去某个时候发生的事情，所以把spend改为spent。78. 【解析】thankthanks。此处考查thanks to 这个固定短语，其意思是“由于，多亏了”。79.80. 【解析】 在 long前面加上a。 因为a long time是固定表达，表示“很长时间”。81. 【解析】去掉off。leaving就表示“离开”，不需要再加off。82. 【解析】himher。根据上下文可知christie是女性。83. 【解析】hashad。考查时态。根据句中的said与was可知此处应指过去，且要用过去完成时。故把has改为had。84. 【解析】 在kept后面加上in。keep in touch with sb.是固定短语，表示“与某人保持联系”。85. 【解析】seeseeing。因为look forward to中的to是介词，所以后面要用-ing形式。 look forward to表示“盼望”。 passage 3 （2010重庆卷）here is my idea about how a friend is like. firstly,76. _a friend is someone you can share your secrets. if you77. _ tell him a secret, never will he talks about it with anybody78. _ else. besides, a friend is always good listener when you79. _ need one. after hear your sad stories, he will say some80. _ words that is nice and warm. still, your happiness makes81. _ him happily too. whats more, a good friend is willing to82. _ offer the help to which you need, or can at least give you83. _ some advices. in a word, friends are those you like and84. _ trust, and you will enjoy every minute that you spent with85. _ them.76.【解析】howwhat。由于what引导宾语从句，且从句中like缺宾语。how在名词性从句中不能作主语、宾语和表语。77.【解析】在secrets之后加with。a friend is someone you can share your secrets中包含一个定语从句，先行词是someone，根据share sth. with sb.的用法，someone作介词with的宾语，由that和who代替，that和who作宾语时可以省略，所以加介词with。78.【解析】talkstalk。这是一个倒装句，正常语序应该是he will never talk.。will后须加动词原形。79.【解析】在always之后加a。listener是可数名词，在这里以单数形式出现，且是泛指。80.【解析】hearhearing。after是介词，后接名词或动词-ing形式。81.【解析】is are。that代指先行词words，所以谓语动词要用复数。82.【解析】happily happy。形容词作宾语补足语。make sb. +形容词。83.【解析】去掉to。which you need是定语从句，修饰名词help，need是及物动词，可直接接宾语。意为：提供你所需的帮助。84.【解析】advicesadvice。advice是不可数名词。85.【解析】spent spend。前后时态须一致。 passage 4 （2010四川卷） an english lady was finally decided that she really should66._learn to drive. and after many attempts, she past her67._driving test and told her husband that, to celebrate, he68._was going to drive him over to france for a holiday. but69._then a week after the trip, she suddenly announced that70._they wouldnt take the holiday. “how did you change your71._mind?” he asked her by surprise. “well, its all because72._of the business of driving on right.” she said, “i have73._been practising for three weeks now, but i still couldnt74._get used to itin fact, ive nearly killed three peoples.” 75._66.【解析】去掉was。 考查语态。根据句意可知本句主语与谓语之间是主动关系。67.【解析】pastpassed。 考查词性。pass her driving test意思是“通过她的驾照考试”；past是介词，不能充当句子的谓语。68.【解析】heshe。 考查人称代词的一致。根据下文可知，应是为了庆祝，妻子开车带着丈夫去法国度假。69.【解析】70.【解析】afterbefore。 考查介词。根据下文可知，应是在旅行前妻子因为不适应右侧驾驶而改变了主意。71.【解析】howwhy。 考查特殊疑问词。此处表示丈夫不明白妻子为什么改变了主意而询问原因。72.【解析】byin。 考查短语中的介词。in surprise意思是“吃惊地”，与语境相符。73.【解析】right前加the。 考查冠词。on the right意思是：“在右边”。74.【解析】couldntcant。 考查时态。此处表示妻子目前还没有适应在右侧驾驶，应用一般现在时。75.【解析】peoplespeople。 考查名词单复数。people意为“人们”时，是集合名词，单复数同形。 passage 5 (2010 海南/宁夏卷)my friend nick told me story about his experience back in the us, which was very interested. one day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help. as the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for christmas trees. on the box was a card say: “25 cents each.” “you will never sell these for that much.” he told nick. convinced, nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece. without a moments delay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced: “i ll take them.”【答案】 my friend nick told me story about his experience back in the us, which was avery interested. one day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door interesting come by to help. as the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to became insold, he stopped at a box of golden ball for christmas trees. on the box was a card ballssay: “25 cents each.” “you will never sell these for that much.” he told nick.sayingconvinced, nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece. without a moments downdelay, my neighbor picked up the box but announced: “ill take them.”his and 1.【解析】第一句中story前加a。story是可数名词单数形式，前面加不定冠词表示“一个故事”。2.【解析】第一句中interestedinteresting。interested常用来修饰人，此处应该是修饰story,所以要用interesting。3.【解析】第二句中comecame。事情发生在过去，所以要用过去时。把come改为came。4.【解析】第三句中onin。in the yard在院子里，属于固定搭配。5.【解析】第三句中ballballs。有一箱子的金色小球，要用复数形式balls。6.【解析】第四句中saysaying。应该用非谓语形式来解释card 上写着什么。7.【解析】第六句中去掉has。根据文章的时态，可知此处为一般过去时，故删掉has。8.【解析】第六句中updown。nick采纳了邻居的建议，把价钱由25美分降到了10美分。bring down降低价格，bring up 上涨。9.【解析】第七句中myhis。应该是nick的邻居。10.【解析】第七句中butand。此处应该是顺承连接。 passage 6 (2010陕西卷)my sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. she liked it at once. then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. as she did this, lots of tea splashed on his t-shirt! i had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! my sister wanted get out of the shop as fast as she could when a shop assistant came over to us. it was turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake. the assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister, for i just thought it was funny!【答案】my sister saw a lovely cup when we are shopping the other day. she liked it at wereonce. then she bent down and picked up to look at a price on it. as she did this, lots it theof tea splashed on his t-shirt! i had to try hardly not to laugh at her shocked face! my her hardsister wanted get out of the shop as fast as she could when a shop assistant came toover to us. it was turned out to be her own cup, that shed left on the shelf by mistake. whichthe assistant was clearly as embarrassing as my sister, for i just thought it was funny! embarrassed but/yet/while/ 1.【解析】第一句中，主句用的是一般过去时，而从句用的却是现在进行时，应把 are改为were。2.【解析】第三句中，picked up缺少宾语，应在picked和 up之间加上it，代指那个茶杯，所以此处应该在picked后面加上，然后在下面写上it。3.【解析】第三句中price前面的不定冠词a应改为定冠词the，特指茶杯上标的价格，所以应在a 下面画一横线，下面写上the。4.【解析】第四句中，t-shirt前面的物主代词有误，“我妹妹的”应该把his改为her，所以应在his下面画一横线，下面写上her。5.【解析】第五句中，hardly是一个否定副词，意思是“几乎不”，因为后面还有一个否定词not，所以无论从意义上还是用法上都讲不通，应该改为hard“努力地”，所以应在hardly下面画一横线，下面写上hard。【知识拓展】1.hard adj. 坚硬的；困难的；严厉 的；艰苦的；猛烈的，激烈的； adv. 坚固地；坚硬地；严厉地；猛烈地；努力地，辛勤地 the ground is too hard to dig. 这块土地硬得挖不动。the policeman has a hard look on his face. 这个警察看起来很凶。she lives a hard life. 她过着艰苦的生活。it was raining so hard that the street flooded. 雨下得太大了，街上满是水。if we all work hard, well earn a lot of money.如果我们都努力工作，就可以赚到很多钱。2.hardly adv. 几乎不，简直不；刚刚，仅仅 his legs were so weak that he could hardly stand. 他的腿虚弱得简直无法站立。hardly had lucy arrived when it began to snow.露西刚到，天就下起雪来了。6.【解析】第六句中，wanted后面要接带to的不定式作宾语，所以应在wanted后面要加上，下面写上to。【知识拓展】常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有：want, wish, hope, offer, decide, help, long, arrange, learn, ask, refuse, promise, pretend, expect, dare, afford, plan, manage, agree, prepare, determine 等。7.【解析】第七句中，turn out 不用于被动语态，所以应用 把was划掉。【知识拓展】没有被动语态的动词短语归纳英语中有些动词短语没有被动语态，常见的有belong to, take place, break out, lose heart, lose ones heart 等。8.【解析】第七句中that 不能用来引导非限制性定语从句，应改为which,所以应在that下面画一横线，在横线下面写上which。9.【解析】最后一句中，embarrassing的意思是“令人尴尬的”，用在这儿意思不通，应改为embarrassed“尴尬的”，所以要在embarrassing下面画一横线，下面写上embarrassed。【知识拓展】-ing形式的形容词和-ed形式的形容词的用法区别二者都可以作定语和表语，但意义不同，-ing形式的形容词一般表示“令人的”，而-ed形式的形容词一般表示“感到的”。im interested in the interesting book.我对那本有趣的书很感兴趣。we are all tired of his tiring class. 我们都厌倦他的令人感到疲倦的课堂。his puzzled look suggested that he didnt understand what i said. 他迷惑的表情表明他没有理解我说的话。10.【解析】最后一句中连词for 表原因，用在这儿不当，应改为but/yet/while表转折，对比，所以要在for下面画一横线，下面写上but/yet/while其中的任何一个均可。 passage 7 (2010浙江卷)after shopping, mother and i went to a restaurant for lunch. i notice mother looking at a nearby table occupy by an elderly woman and young couple. they ate silently, and it was clearly that things were not going well. as we left, mother stopped on their table. “excuse me,” she said, put her arm around the unhappy old woman. “you remind me so many of my mother. may i hug (拥抱) you?” the woman smiled happily as she accepted to it. after we left, i said, “that was very nice of you, mother. so i didnt think she looked like grandma.” “neither did me,” said mother cheerfully.