人人文库网 > 图纸下载 > 毕业设计 > 基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造设计【12张CAD图纸+毕业答辩论文】

外文翻译.doc

基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造设计【12张CAD图纸+毕业答辩论文】

资源目录

基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造【全套CAD图纸+毕业答辩论文】.rar

周次计划.检查落实表.xls---(点击预览)

图纸[共12张].dwg

压缩包内文档预览：

编号：450020 类型：共享资源大小：908.24KB 格式：RAR 上传时间：2015-07-06 上传人：好资料QQ****51605 IP属地：江苏

45
积分

版权申诉 word格式文档无特别注明外均可编辑修改；预览文档经过压缩，下载后原文更清晰！ 立即下载

关键词：: 基于加工普通钻床改造全套 cad 图纸毕业答辩论文

资源描述：

摘要

随着先进制造技术的发展和进步，数控加工已成为机加工过程中的一种主流技术。这一技术的运用提高了机加工过程中工作效率和加工精度。数控多工位钻床就是提高钻削加工精度和效率的一种很好的机加工工具。数控多工位钻床的设计，采用了普通车床设计的步骤和方法，综合考虑数控机床的特点。从切削力入手确定主轴及电机，到整个机床的结构设计和机床的控制，最后到对机床初始化程序设计。本设计是基于多轴加工的普通钻床改造。为了实现复合工位的加工，现需要对普通钻床进行多轴头的设计。普通钻床为单轴机床，但安装上多轴箱就会成为多轴的钻床，改造成多轴钻床后，能大大地缩短加工时间，提高生产效率。因此本设计的重点是多轴箱的设计，设计内容包括齿轮分布与选用、轴的设计、多轴箱的选用、导向装置设计等。

关键词：复合工位；多轴钻床；生产效率；多轴箱

Abstract

With the manufacturing development, numerical control manufacturing has become one of the major advanced technologies. efficiency and accuracy has been improved in application of the technology. Numerical control auto-drilling machine is a kind of the new machine tools that can improve the machining accuracy and efficiency. The paner has designed for Numerical control auto-drilling machine, using design method of the ordinary lathe, and considering the characteristic of the numerical control machine tools synthetically. cutting force has been calculated, the structural and the control system has been designed. Finally, the software routine has been explored.This paner has finished completed a investigation of internal and external of current situation for numerical control multistage-drilling machine, and compared it, put forward a feasible scheme; completed the mechanical structural design an calculated and designed the electric control system, and finished the software and hardware of the control system tentatively.The design is based on the multi-axis machining of common drilling machine. To accomplish the manufacture of multi-hole, redesigned the drive mechanism of the ordinary drill press. Mono-spindle be changed into a multiple spindle. It will improve its productive efficiency, shorten its processing time if assembled a multiple spindle case on. That so calls a multiple drill. Hereby, the keystone of this design paper is how to design a multiple spindle heads. The design subjects include the selection and distribution of gear wheel, the design of spindle, and the guiding equipment and selection of the multiple spindle heads, etc.

Key words: multi-position manufacture; multiple drill press; productive efficiency; multiple spindle heads

摘要III

AbstractIV

目录V

1 绪论1

1.1本课题的研究内容和意义1

1.2国内外的发展概况2

1.2.1多轴头2

1.2.2 多轴箱2

1.2.3多轴钻床3

1.2.4 自动更换主轴箱机床3

1.2.5多轴加工趋势3

1.3本课题应达到的要求4

2 单工位钻床改为多工位钻床5

2.1设计任务5

2.2 普通立式钻床的选型5

2.2.1 计算所需电机功率5

2.2.2 立式钻床的确定6

3 主传动齿轮传动箱的设计7

3.1　设计前的准备7

3.2 传动系统的设计与计算7

4 多轴箱的结构与零部件的设计13

4.1箱盖、箱体和中间板结构13

4.2多轴箱轴的设计13

5 导向装置的设计28

5.1导向装置组成28

5.2导向装置选择与设计28

6 接杆刀具30

7 结论与展望31

7.1 结论31

7.2 不足之处及未来展望31

致谢32

参考文献33

1 绪论

1.1本课题的研究内容和意义

毕业设计是在完成了大学的全部课程之后，进行的一次理论联系实际的综合运用，使我对专业知识、技能有了进一步的提高，为以后从事专业技术的工作打下基础。专用机床的结构设计和改进是实现产品设计，保证产品质量、节约能源、降低成本的重要手段，合理的专用机床是企业进行生产准备、计划调度、加工操作、生产安全、技术检测和健全劳动组织的重要依据，也是企业上品种、上质量、上水平，加速产品更新，提高经济效益的技术保证。

本课题为基于复合工位加工机床结构设计，由于零件的生产纲领为大批大量生产，故将涉及大批量加工的工艺规程设计、专用机床和专用夹具设计等，尤其随着工业的发展，大型复杂的多轴、多工位加工更是引人注目。结合多轴、多工位加工不但可以扩大加工范围，而且在提高精度的基础上还能大大地提高工效。完成该课题是对我们大学期间所学知识进行一次全面的专业训练，可以培养我们掌握如何运用过去所学知识去解决生产中实际问题的方法，增强从事本专业实际工作所必需的基本能力和开发研究能力，可以提高我们的专业素质，为今后走上工作岗位打下一个良好的基础，因而，其对我们实践能力的提高和进行企业专用机床的技术改造均具有十分重要的意义。

组合机床上的通用部件和标准零件约点全部机床零部件总量的70％--80％，因此设计和制造周期短，经济效益好。由于组合机床目的通用部件和标准零件自动化程度高，因而比通用机床生产效率高，产品质量稳定劳动强度低。组合机床的通用部件是经过周密设计和长期生产实践考验的，又有专门厂家成批生产，它与一般专用机床比较，其结构稳定，工作可靠，使用和维修方便。组合机床加工工件，由于采用专用夹具组合刀具和导向装置等，产品加工质量靠工艺装备保证，对操作工人的技术水平要求不高。当机床被加工的产品更新时，专用机床的大部件要报废。组合机床的通用部件是根据国家标准设计的，并等效于国际标准，因此，其通用部件可以重复使用。不必加行设计和制造。组合机床易于联成结合机床自动线，以适应大规模和自动化生产需要。

全部文件.gif

多轴箱装配图.gif

图纸[共12张].gif

字数统计.gif

内容简介：: The Features and Development History and Application of Hydraulic and Pneumatic Transmutation 1.The advantages of hydraulic transmission 1) A hydraulic system can produce higher power than electrical equipment under the same volume . The hydraulic equipment system has smaller volume , light , high power consistency and compact configuration at a given power . The volume and weight of a hydraulic motor are about 12% of an electric motor . 2) Hydraulic equipment has a good working stability . It is because of light , less inertia , quick response : the hydraulic equipment can realize celerity start-up , brake and frequent change in motion direction . 3) The hydraulic transmission can reach a wide range of speed regulation (with the range of 1:2000), and the speed can also be regulated during the work processing . 4) The hydraulic transmission can easily realize automation and the pressure , flow rate and the flow direction can be regulated and controlled . If we combine it with electric , electron or pneumatic control systems , a more complex transmission system with remote control can be realized . 5) The hydraulic system can protect from over-load easily , which cannot be done by electricity or machine equipment . 6) Because of standardization , series , and all-purpose application ; the hydraulic system is easier in design , fabrication and application . 7) The hydraulic system is easier than machine equipment in doing line motion . 2.The shortages of hydraulic transmission 1) Leak . Oil leaks are inevitable because of the loss in fluid flow resistance . So more energy loss exists in a hydraulic transmission . 2) Working temperature . The working temperature has strong effect on the working property of a hydraulic system because of the viscosity-temperature character of hydraulic oil . It is suitable for working in a proper temperature . 3) Cost . The cost is high because of the needs in high precision fabricate for hydraulic elements . 4) It is difficult to find the reasons of fault . 3. The advantages of pneumatic transmission 1) The air can be obtained and expelled from the atmosphere . It cannot bring pollution to the environment . 2) It is of low viscosity and lower pressure loss in pipes . The pressure air is convenient for convergence supply and remote transportation . nts3) It is of low working pressure ( usually 0.3-0.8MP a ). Avowers material and fabricate precision is required for the pneumatic transmission elements . 4) The pneumatic transmission has a simple servicing .The air pipe is not easy to be jammed . 5) Safety . The pneumatic system can protect from over-load easily . 4. The shortcomes of pneumatic transmission 1) It is because of air compressibility . The working stabilities for pneumatic transmission system are poorer than those of hydraulic transmission system . 2) Because of lower working pressure and small size in configuration , the push force of pneumatic transmission is usually very lower . 3) Lower transmission efficiency . To sum up , the strong-points of hydraulic and pneumatic transmission have taken the main advantages , and the shortages have been overcome and improved by technical renovation . The fundamental law underlying the whole science of hydraulics was discovered by Blasie Pascal ,a French physicist ,in the seventeenth century .But it was not until the end of the 18 century that man found ways to make the snugly fitting parts required in hydraulic systems and other modern equipment .Since then progress has been rapid . Hydraulic transmission has been experiencing the process as below . The 17th and 18th centuries were a productive period in the development of hydraulic theory . Torricelli studied fluid motion in the early 17th century .Late in that century ,Sir Isaac Newton conducted studies on viscosity and the resistance of submerged bodies in a moving fluid .The key achievements of the period occurred in the middle of the 18th century when Daniel Bullion developed the theory of transmission of energy in fluid streams and Blas Pascal ,at about the same time ,established the principle of hydrostatic pressure transmission . This principle was first used in the latter part of the 18th century .The first hydraulic pressure machine was manufactured by England in the late 18th century .The fundamentals of fluid theory were established by the above work and refinements were added by Navier who derived the mathematics of motion in liquids including equations for fluid flow with friction .This was early in the 19th century .It was followed by the work of Stokes ,who independently discovered the same equations and further extended the work of Navicert . Recently hydraulic and pneumatic pressure transmission technology has been developed with a large scale petrolic industry in the 19th century ,and the barbette displace was the first one successful using hydraulic equipment ,and then hydraulic machine tool .In World War I many new machines based on the principles of hydraulics had been used .The great automotive industy introduced hydraulic brakes ntsin the early thirties and hydraulic transmissions in the late thirties .The tractor industry began using hydraulics in 1940 to increase the flexibility and utility of farm equipment .In World War II because of the demand transmission and control equipments in fast reaction ,precision action and high output powers boosted development in hydraulic theology .After the War ,the hydraulic development turned into civil industry ,such as machine tool ,engineering ,metallurgy ,plastic machine ,farm machine ,vehicle and watercraft .In more recent years ,the role of leadership in hydraulic power application has been taken over largely by some of the large earthmoving and construction equipment manufacturers .The total power involved is often greater than that required in even the largest aircraft systems . With the development of higher automation of hydraulic machines and increasing use of hydraulic and pneumatic elements ,the scaled elements and integrated hydraulic system with miniaturization is inevitable .Especially in recent years hydraulic and pneumatic transmission is combined closely with the sensor and micro-electricity technology .It has been emerging amounts of new valves such as hydraulic-electricity proportional valves ,digital valves ,hydraulic and electro-hydraulic servo cylinders and the integrative elements ,which will lead the hydraulic and pneumatic technology to the development of higher pressure ,higher speed ,larger power ,lower energy wastage and noise ,longevity and high integration .Computer aided design (CAD ) and test (CAT ) and practical control technology used in hydraulic and pneumatic system will be the trend .Nowadays the application of hydraulic transmission system has become one of the important indications of industry level for a country .In developed countries ,95%of engineering machine ,90%of numerical control center and more than 95%of automation assembly lines use the hydraulic transmission system . nts液压与气压传动的特点及发展应用概况 1.液压传动有以下优点 1）在同等体积下，液压装置毕电气装置产生更高的动力。再同等功率下，液压装置体积小，重量轻，功率密度大，结构紧凑。液压马达的体积和重量只有同等功率电动机的 12%左右。 2）液压装置工作比较平稳。由于重量轻、惯性小、反应快，液压装置易于实现快速启动、制动和频繁的换向。 3）液压装置能在大范围内实现无级调速（调速范围可达 2000），它还可以在运行过程中进行调速。 4）液压传动易于自动化，它对液体压力、流量或流动方向易于进行调节或控制。当将液压控制和电气控制、电子控制或气动控制结合起来使用时，整个传动装置能实现复杂的顺序动作，也能方便的实现远程控制。 5）液压装置易于实现过载保护，这是电气传动装置和机械传动装置无法办到的。 6）由于液压元件已经实现了标准化、系列化和通用化，液压系统的设计、制造和使用都比较方便。 7）用液压传动实现直线运动远比用机械传动简单。 2.液压传动的缺点 1）由于流体流动的阻力损失和泄露是不可避免的，所以液压传动在工作过程中常有较多的能量损失。 2）工作性能易受温度变化的影响，因此不宜在很高或很低的温度下工作。 3）为了减少泄漏，液压元件的制造精度要求较高，因而价格较贵。 4）液压传动出现故障时不易找出原因。 3.气压传动的优点 1）空气可以从大气中取得，同时，用过的空气可直接排放到大气中去，处理方便，万一空气管路有泄漏，除引起部分功率损失外，不知产生不利于工作的严重影响，也不会污染环境。 2）空气粘度很小，在管道中的压力损失较小，因此压缩空气便于集中供应和远距离输送。 3）因压缩空气的工作压力较低（一般为 0.30.8Mpa），因此，对气动元件的材料和制造精度上的要求较低。 4）气动系统维护简单，管道不易堵塞。 5）使用安全，并且便于实现过载保护。 4.气压传动的缺点 1）由于空气具有可压缩的特性，因此运动速度的平稳性不如液压传动。 2）因为工作压力较低和结构尺寸不宜过大，因而气压传动装置的总推力一般不可能很大。 3）传动效率低。 nts总的说来，液压与气压传动的优点是主要的，而它们的缺点通过技术进步和多年的不懈努力，已得到克服或得到了很大的改善。虽然在 17 世纪中叶法国物理学家伯雷斯 .帕斯卡提出了静压传递原理，但在 18 世纪末才开始找到应用在液压系统和其他现代装备中合适的元件。从那以后，液压技术得到迅速发展。 17、 18世纪是液压基础理论的建立最兴旺的时期。其中在 17世纪初期，

温馨提示:
1: 本站所有资源如无特殊说明，都需要本地电脑安装OFFICE2007和PDF阅读器。图纸软件为CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.压缩文件请下载最新的WinRAR软件解压。
2: 本站的文档不包含任何第三方提供的附件图纸等，如果需要附件，请联系上传者。文件的所有权益归上传用户所有。
3.本站RAR压缩包中若带图纸，网页内容里面会有图纸预览，若没有图纸预览就没有图纸。
4. 未经权益所有人同意不得将文件中的内容挪作商业或盈利用途。
5. 人人文库网仅提供信息存储空间，仅对用户上传内容的表现方式做保护处理，对用户上传分享的文档内容本身不做任何修改或编辑，并不能对任何下载内容负责。
6. 下载文件中如有侵权或不适当内容，请与我们联系，我们立即纠正。
7. 本站不保证下载资源的准确性、安全性和完整性, 同时也不承担用户因使用这些下载资源对自己和他人造成任何形式的伤害或损失。

人人文库网所有资源均是用户自行上传分享，仅供网友学习交流，未经上传用户书面授权，请勿作他用。